Glucuronides Hydrolysis by Intestinal Microbial -Glucuronidases (GUS) Is Affected by Sampling, Enzyme Preparation, Buffer pH, and Species.

Glucuronides hydrolysis by intestinal microbial -Glucuronidases (GUS) is an important procedure for many endogenous and exogenous compounds. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of experimental conditions on glucuronide hydrolysis by intestinal microbial GUS. Standard probe 4-Nitrophenyl -D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) and a natural glucuronide wogonoside were used as the model compounds.

Development and validation of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of raloxifene and its phase II metabolites in plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic studies in rats.

The aim of this study is to establish a reliable liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method to simultaneously quantitate raloxifene, and its major metabolites, raloxifene-6-glucuronide, raloxifene-4'-glucuronide, and raloxifene-6-sulfate in rat plasma samples for pharmacokinetic studies. The separation of the analytes was achieved on a Waters BEH C column. Water (0.