Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) in Switzerland: From exposure monitoring to daily exposure scenarios.

Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) is ubiquitous in our daily environment. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ambient ELF-MF exposure in Switzerland and presents a novel environmental exposure matrix for exposure assessment and risk communication. Magnetic flux density levels (µT) were measured using a portable exposimeter carried in a backpack for the main ELF sources: railway power (16.

Comparison of ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels in outdoor areas and public transport in Switzerland in 2014 and 2021.

Mobile communication technology has evolved rapidly over the last ten years with a drastic increase in wireless data traffic and the deployment of new telecommunication technologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ambient radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) levels and temporal changes in various microenvironments in Switzerland in 2014 and 2021. We measured the ambient RF-EMF levels in V/m in the same 49 outdoor areas and in public transport in 2014 and 2021 using portable RF-EMF exposure meters carried in a backpack.