Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: Rarely Encountered in the United States.

Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is aggressive mature T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with a poor outcome.

Methods: We present 10 patients with acute and lymphomatous subtypes of ATLL treated with distinct induction regimens, including CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine [Oncovin], prednisone or prednisolone), interferon/zidovudine, and VCAP-AMP-VECP (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone; doxorubicin, ranimustine, prednisone; vindesine, etoposide, carboplatin, prednisone).

Results: The overall response rate was 50%, with 10% complete remission (CR).

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Malignant Hematology: Uncommon but Should Not Be Forgotten?

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare life-threatening syndrome of excessive immune activation and an inflammatory cytokine storm leading to multiple organ failure. We report our experience in a large tertiary referral center on HLH in the setting of hematologic malignancies and describe responses to therapy and outcomes. Seventeen cases of HLH were included in which the most common underlying diagnosis was aggressive lymphoma (n = 7).