Tidal volume and minute ventilation parameters derived from pacemaker impedance measurements can predict experimental heart failure development.

Background: Specific respiratory patterns and periodic breathing have been associated with heart failure. Less is known regarding changes in tidal volume (TV) and minute ventilation (MV) as a result of early heart failure (HF) decompensation.

Methods And Results: Twelve adult Yucatan minipigs were implanted with a biventricular pacemaker and a left ventricular pressure sensor.