Deep Brain Stimulation Modulates Gamma Oscillations and Theta-Gamma Coupling in Treatment Resistant Depression.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subcallosal cingulate gyrus (SCG) is becoming an effective therapeutic option for treatment resistant depression (TRD).

Objective/hypothesis: Identifying the neurophysiological mechanisms altered by DBS may lead to more tailored treatment parameters and enhanced efficacy.

Methods: Twenty TRD patients with implanted DBS in the SCG were recruited.

EEG power asymmetry and functional connectivity as a marker of treatment effectiveness in DBS surgery for depression.

Recently, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been evaluated as an experimental therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Although there have been encouraging results in open-label trials, about half of the patients fail to achieve meaningful benefit. Although progress has been made in understanding the neurobiology of MDD, the ability to characterize differences in brain dynamics between those who do and do not benefit from DBS is lacking.

Use of flexible intramedullary nails in pediatric femur fractures.

Flexible intramedullary nails are now routinely used for stabilization of pediatric femur fractures. Few data are available regarding patients' postoperative range of motion, weight-bearing status, activity levels, use of immobilization, and radiographic leg length discrepancy measured via routine scanograms. Patients who underwent placement of flexible intramedullary nails for a pediatric femur fracture at a single institution from 1998 to 2003 were identified retrospectively.

Position of the distal fibular fragment in pronation and supination ankle fractures: a CT evaluation.

Background: Although classically the fibula has been reported to be in external rotation after supination-external rotation (SER) or pronation-external rotation (PER) ankle fractures, a previous CT study demonstrated that what had traditionally been interpreted as external rotation of the distal fibular fracture fragment is actually internal rotation of the proximal fibular fragment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a series of CT scans in patients who have suffered type IV SER or PER ankle fractures to assess the rotational deformity of the fibular fragment.

Materials And Methods: CT scans of the injured and uninjured extremities were performed on 30 extremities which had sustained either SER (21) or PER (9) injuries.

Growth arrest of the distal radius following a metaphyseal fracture: case report and review of the literature.

We report a 12-year-old girl who developed growth arrest of the distal radius physis 9 months after sustaining a complete fracture of the distal radial and ulnar metaphysis with no involvement of the physis evident at time of injury. The girl sustained a fracture of the metaphysis of her right distal radius and ulna after a fall. Anterior-posterior, lateral and oblique radiographs at injury, and during subsequent healing show no evidence of the fracture involving the physis.