Oxidation of cyclic acetals by ozone in ionic liquid media.

The application of ozone-stable pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids as safe reaction media resulted in selective hydroxy ester formation upon ozonation of cyclic acetals without using low temperatures or acetylating reagents.

Unusual modification of CuCl or CuBr films by He plasma exposure resulting in nanowire formation.

In this paper, we present a method for growing copper-based nanowires. The method is based on the unusual modification of a halogenated copper surface by exposure to a helium plasma. The nanowires have diameters ranging between 50 and 150 nm and lengths up to 50 microm.

Decomposition mechanism of the anions generated by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization of nitroanilines.

The decomposition reaction mechanism of the anions generated by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry, in the negative mode, of nitroanilines and 2,4-dinitroanilines has been probed using quantum chemical calculations. The same process has been analyzed for the neutral counterparts and the simpler neutral and anionic nitrobenzenes. Our computations using density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p) level demonstrate that the decomposition of the anion occurs in a two-stage process, involving an initial nitro-nitrite rearrangement followed by a NO-elimination leading to formation of a phenoxy radical anion derivative.

Grazing incidence-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the compositional analysis of nanometer-thin high-kappa dielectric HfO2 layers.

In future microelectronic devices, SiO2 as a gate dielectric material will be replaced by materials with a higher dielectric constant. One such candidate material is HfO2. Thin layers are typically deposited from ligand-containing precursors in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes.

Study of the carbonyl products of terpene/OH radical reactions: detection of the 2,4-DNPH derivatives by HPLC-MS.

The oxidation of the terpenes alpha- and beta-pinene, limonene and Delta(3)-carene by hydroxyl radicals has been investigated in a fast-flow reactor coupled to a liquid nitrogen trap for collecting the carbonyl compounds. Identification of the products was performed via 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (DNPH) derivatization of the carbonyls to form the mono- and di-DNPH derivatives, which were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC)-DAD (diode array detector) and HPLC-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Both electrospray ionization [ESI(-)] and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization [APCI(-)] were suitable for the detection of the DNPH derivatives of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, myrtanal, campholene aldehyde, perillaldehyde, acetone, nopinone, trans-4-hydroxynopinone and 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene.

Generation of iron atoms in the gas phase by microwave-induced plasma afterglows.

A fast-flow reactor technique is described by which Fe atoms can be produced in the gas phase in the afterglow of microwave-induced plasmas in hydrogen/argon and hydrogen/helium mixtures. When the iron salt FeCl3(s) was brought into the gas phase by thermal sublimation at temperatures between 360 and 405 K, it was partly converted to Fe atoms by reaction of the gaseous compounds FexCl3x(g) with hydrogen atoms. The Fe atoms were detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).