Moderators of interdependent psychological distress in cancer survivor-caregiver dyads.

Background: The purpose of this study was to test dyadic interdependence in psychological distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms) and explore moderators of interdependence among cancer survivors in treatment and their informal caregivers.

Methods: Cancer survivors and their caregivers completed measures of anxiety and depressive symptoms, social support, social isolation, and burden of other symptoms, at three points in time over the course of 17 weeks.

Results: In 315 dyads, depressive symptoms and anxiety were transmitted from caregivers to survivors.

Symptom management interventions influence unscheduled health services use among cancer survivors and caregivers.

Purpose: Three sequences of telephone symptom management interventions were tested on use of unscheduled health services among cancer survivors with depressive or anxiety symptoms during treatment (N = 334) and their informal caregivers (N = 333).

Methods: The three 12-week intervention sequences were as follows: (1) Symptom Management and Survivorship Handbook (SMSH), (2) a combined 8-week SMSH + Telephone Interpersonal Counseling (TIPC) followed by SMSH for 4 weeks, and (3) SMSH for 4 weeks followed by a combined SMSH + TIPC if no response to SMSH alone. Survivor-caregiver dyads were first randomized to SMSH or a combined SMSH + TIPC.

Patterns of dietary quality, physical activity, and sleep duration among cancer survivors and caregivers.

Fruit and vegetable intake (FVI), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sleep duration are each independently associated with cancer-related and general health outcomes among cancer survivors. Past research suggests that health behaviors cluster among cancer survivors, with caregivers demonstrating similar patterns. This analysis examined co-occurrence of FVI, MVPA, and sleep duration among cancer survivors and informal cancer caregivers and identified sociodemographic and clinical correlates of health behavior engagement.

Social Isolation Mediates the Effects of Negative Emotionality and Resilience on Drinking to Cope and Drinking Alone.

The purpose of this research was to test an extension of the incentive motivation model of alcohol by examining effects of personality traits on drinking motives and contexts, as mediated by social isolation. Participants were 1269 adults who resided in the United States ( = 618) or United Kingdom ( = 651) and completed an online questionnaire measuring the traits of negative emotionality and resilience, along with social isolation, drinking motives (coping, social) and drinking contexts (alone, at a party, at a bar/club). Six months later, 70% of the participants returned to complete a similar online questionnaire.

A sequential multiple assignment randomized trial of symptom management for cancer survivors during treatment and their informal caregivers.

Context: Many cancer survivors and their informal caregivers experience multiple symptoms during the survivor's treatment.

Objective: Test relative effectiveness and optimal sequencing of two evidence-based interventions for symptom management.

Methods: In this sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART), survivors of solid tumors with elevated depression or anxiety and their caregivers as dyads were initially randomized after baseline assessment in a 3:1 ratio to the Symptom Management and Survivorship Handbook (SMSH, N = 277 dyads) intervention or SMSH plus 8 weeks of telephone interpersonal counseling (TIPC, N = 97 dyads).

Predictors of persistence of post-chemotherapy symptoms among survivors of solid tumor cancers.

Context: Late or residual symptoms diminish quality of life for many cancer survivors after completion of treatment.

Objectives: Examine risk factors associated with persisting symptom burden after chemotherapy and the lack of symptom improvement over time.

Methods: Survivors who completed curative-intent chemotherapy within two years for solid tumors were enrolled into a symptom management trial.

Connected Community Classification (C3): Development, Validation, and Geospatial Application for Population Health Promotion and Equity.

Context: Social determinants of health (SDOH) impact population health. Leveraging community-level strengths related to SDOH through a social infrastructure perspective can optimize health behaviors and health outcomes to promote health equity.

Objective: Our aims were to develop, validate, and apply the Connected Community Classification (C3) as comprehensive community-level measure of protective SDOH and structural factors in the Four Corners states region of the United States.

Autonomy and overparenting: Are parents of emerging adults being responsive?

Recognizing the various negative consequences of overparenting for the child such as poor mental health and relationship quality and delayed transition to full adulthood, this study examined to what extent parents of emerging adults were being responsive and tailoring their parenting practices to meet their child's characteristics, such as need for autonomy and trait autonomy. Survey data from 256 parent-emerging adult child dyads were used for analyses. The results showed that parent-reported overparenting was not associated with child-reported autonomy features.

Exploring the Role of Marianismo and Loneliness in Latinas' Physical and Mental Well-Being.

The goal of this study is to better understand the role of social relationships and traditional gender norms in Latina health. Utilizing Hawkley and Cacioppo's theoretical model of loneliness and health as a framework, loneliness is proposed as a key component in the relationship between the Latina gender norm of marianismo and health. Participants were 178 female adults who identified as Latina ( 97) or non-Latina White ( = 81), ranging in age from 19-88, who completed measures of loneliness, marianismo, depression, overall health, and health practices.

Loneliness, Spirituality, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Hispanic English-Speaking Cancer Caregivers: A Qualitative Approach.

Hispanic caregivers experiencing higher caregiving burden than their non-Hispanic cohorts, due in part to contextual factors, such as barriers to accessing health care, challenging employment environments, low education and income, immigration issues, and minority stress. Spirituality may serve as a coping strategy for Hispanic caregivers that influences health-related quality of life (HRQoL), possibly by modifying loneliness associated with caregiving. We explored these concepts using semi-structured interviews (N = 10 Hispanic caregivers).

Social determinants of health, psychological distress, and caregiver burden among informal cancer caregivers of cancer survivors during treatment.

Objective: This study compared three ethnic/racial groups of informal cancer caregivers on social determinants of health and tested social determinants of health as predictors of psychological distress and caregiver burden.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of baseline data of a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) testing symptom management interventions with caregiver-survivor dyads. Caregivers completed baseline measures of social determinants of health (SDoH), functional limitations, psychological distress, and caregiver burden.

Depression among Underserved Rural and Urban Caregivers of Latinas with Breast Cancer.

Among Latino/as, informal caregiving duties are often deemed a family responsibility. Understanding psychological outcomes tied to caregivers of Latina breast cancer survivors is important to identify the impacts of cancer. Secondary analysis of baseline data collected in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) from 230 Latina breast cancer survivor-caregiver dyads.

Neighborhood disadvantage has an indirect effect on problem drinking through increased psychological distress.

Objective: Neighborhood disadvantage has been documented as a risk factor for problem drinking. The specific aim of this investigation is to test a model of neighborhood disadvantage, psychological distress, and problem drinking in a demographically and socioeconomically diverse sample.

Method: A sample of 618 adults (21-65-year-olds; = 30.

A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial of Symptom Management After Chemotherapy.

Context: Many cancer survivors experience a lingering symptom burden after chemotherapy.

Objectives: In this sequential multiple assignment randomized trial, we tested optimal sequencing of two evidence-based interventions for symptom management.

Methods: Survivors of solid tumors (N = 451) were interviewed at baseline and stratified as high or low need for symptom management based on comorbidity and depressive symptoms.

Social Determinants of Health and Symptom Burden During Cancer Treatment.

Background: Cancer survivors (defined as individuals from diagnosis to the end of life) in treatment experience multiple physical and psychological symptoms (e.g., fatigue, pain, depression, anxiety, disturbed sleep) that influence their well-being and treatment outcomes.

Moderating the Association Between Overparenting and Mental Health: Open Family Communication and Emerging Adult Children's Trait Autonomy.

Research shows that overparenting (a.k.a.

When goodbyes matter: The conditional relationship between final conversations and symptoms of depression.

An online survey of 528 people who lost someone close to them in the last 5 years was used to test associations between having final conversations (FCs) and depression. The direct effect was nonsignificant, but there were two significant moderation effects. Time since bereavement moderated the FC-depression relationship; there was a negative relationship between FCs and depression shortly following bereavement, but no relationship after more time had passed.

Patterns of intimacy crisis resolution and their associations with romantic loneliness in Polish and U.S. young adults.

In Erikson's model of development, intimacy and isolation denote polar outcomes of psychosocial crisis in young adulthood. Drawing on this model, the present study used three-wave longitudinal data to examine patterns of the success and lack of success in the resolution of Eriksonian crisis in relation to romantic loneliness as a negative outcome of the intimacy crisis, and compared across Poland and the United States. The data were collected from Polish and U.

Social and Cultural Factors, Self-efficacy, and Health in Latino Cancer Caregivers.

Background: Latino cancer caregivers are at risk of physical, mental, and emotional health issues. Sociocultural factors such as informational support, Anglo orientation, and spiritual practice may compound or protect against these risks.

Objective: The purpose of this research project was to examine self-efficacy as a mediator between sociocultural factors and health outcomes in Latino cancer caregivers.

Improving Asthma Care Together (IMPACT) mobile health intervention for school-age children with asthma and their parents: a pilot randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: Asthma is an incurable, lifelong condition that places children at increased risk for exacerbation, hospitalisation and school absences. Most paediatric asthma interventions target parents alone and are overly prescriptive. Improving Asthma Care Together (IMPACT) is a novel shared management system comprised of a mobile health (mHealth) application, symptom watch and tailored health intervention that pairs parent and child together as an asthma management team.

Exploring the relationship between loneliness, spirituality, and health-related quality of life in Hispanic cancer caregivers.

Caregivers of cancer patients find it challenging to perform their roles and to meet the demands of caregiving. Spirituality has been investigated as a potential coping strategy employed by caregivers, yet spirituality and related practices vary among cultural groups. In this study, we investigated the relationship between spirituality and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and evaluated mediation effects of loneliness on this relationship.

Parent-Child Relationships and the Health of Incarcerated Mothers: Exploring the Mediating Role of Loneliness.

The current study utilizes Hawkley, Cacioppo, and colleagues' model of loneliness and health to examine the influence of parent-child relationships on the health of incarcerated women. Participants were 121 incarcerated female adults who have at least one child, and who completed a questionnaire with measures of parental involvement, parent-child closeness, loneliness, overall health, physical functioning, depression, and anxiety. Results reveal that among incarcerated women, perceptions of close and involved relationships with their children were associated with less loneliness, and less loneliness was associated with better overall health and physical functioning, as well as lower depression and anxiety.

Longitudinal effects of U.S. students' reentry shock on psychological health after returning home during the COVID-19 global pandemic.

Guided by the stress process model (Pearlin, Mullan, Semple, & Skaff, 1990; Pearlin, 1999), the purpose of this longitudinal investigation was to examine the extent to which the stressor of premature forced reentry from studying abroad during the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g., reentry shock, reacculturative stress) was predictive of stress-related compromised mental health (i.

Psychometric Analysis of the Dating Anxiety Scale for Adolescents in Samples of Polish and U.S. Young Adults: Examining the Factor Structure, Measurement Invariance, Item Functioning, and Convergent Validity.

This study explored whether the Dating Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (DAS-A), which was originally developed in the United States to assess dating anxiety in adolescents, is appropriate for use in samples of young adults from Poland and the United States. The factor structure, measurement invariance across country, gender and relationship status, degree of precision across latent levels of the DAS and the functioning of individual items, and convergent validity were examined in a sample of 309 Polish and 405 U.S.