The use of high-dose cervical spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of chronic upper extremity and neck pain.

Background: Dorsal column spinal cord stimulation is used for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain of the axial spine and extremities. Recently, high-dose (HD) thoracic dorsal column stimulation for paresthesias has been successful. This study evaluates the utility of HD stimulation in the cervical spine for managing upper neck and upper extremity pain and paresthesias.

Treatment of glenohumeral arthritis pain utilizing spinal cord stimulation.

Background: Dorsal column stimulation may be utilized to treat non-neuropathic pain attributed to glenohumeral arthritis.

Case Description: An 84-year-old female presented with right shoulder pain for 3 years. She was diagnosed with glenohumeral arthritis and a complete loss of the joint space.

Endoscopic image-guided transoral approach to the craniovertebral junction: an anatomic study comparing surgical exposure and surgical freedom obtained with the endoscope and the operating microscope.

Objective: The transoral approach is the most direct and commonly used method to access the ventral craniocervical junction. Recently, an endonasal, endoscopic approach to the craniovertebral junction was proposed. We reasoned that the coupling of the endoscope with the direct transoral approach and image guidance could result in a minimally invasive, simple approach to the ventral craniovertebral junction.

The Eastern heart and Galen's ventricle: a historical review of the purpose of the brain.

The seat of consciousness has not always been thought to reside in the brain. Its "source" is as varied as the cultures of those who have sought it. At present, although most may agree that the central nervous system is held to be the root of individualism in much of Western philosophy, this has not always been the case, and this viewpoint is certainly not unanimously accepted across all cultures today.

Ventriculosubgaleal shunts at Columbus Children's Hospital: Neurosurgical implant placement in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Object: The authors review all cases in which ventriculosubgaleal (VSG) shunts were placed at Columbus Children's Hospital for the treatment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in order to assess the surgical procedure, effectiveness of surgery, and complications of cerebrospinal fluid diversion to the subgaleal space. The purpose of the review is to make a comparison between cases in which shunts were placed in the operating room (OR) and those in which they were placed in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Considerations and complications specific to patient transport to the OR or surgical implantation in the NICU are discussed.

Neurosurgical robotics: a review of brain and spine applications.

Neurosurgery has traditionally been at the forefront of advancing technologies, adapting new techniques and devices successfully in an effort to increase the safety and efficacy of brain and spine surgery. Among these adaptations are surgical robotics. This paper reviews some of the more promising systems in neurosurgical robotics, including brain and spine applications in use and in development.