( ) is a Gram-negative, pleomorphic rod, highly prevalent and abundant as a commensal in the human oral cavity, and an infrequent extraoral opportunistic pathogen. occupies multiple niches in the oral cavity, including the tongue dorsum, keratinized gingiva, and the supragingival plaque biofilm. As a member of the HACEK group, is also known to cause infective endocarditis.
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