Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in 2025.

The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides online information resources for biology, including the GenBank® nucleic acid sequence repository and the PubMed® repository of citations and abstracts published in life science journals. NCBI provides search and retrieval operations for most of these data from 31 distinct repositories and knowledgebases. The E-utilities serve as the programming interface for most of these.

Characterization of Active MMP9 in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Using a Novel Anti-MMP9 Antibody.

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), a protease implicated in multiple diseases, is secreted as an inactive zymogen and requires proteolytic removal of the pro-domain for activation. The relative levels and functionality of the pro- and active-MMP9 isoforms in tissues are not characterized. We generated a specific antibody that distinguishes an active form of MMP9, F107-MMP9, from the inactive pro-MMP9 isoform.

Radiographic prevalence of juvenile osteochondral conditions of the proximal interphalangeal joint of Australian Thoroughbred racehorse yearlings and associations with sales results and race performance.

Objectives: Ascertain the radiographic prevalence and variation in characteristics of juvenile osteochondral conditions (JOC) in the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of Australian Thoroughbred racehorse yearlings. Establish whether there are any significant associations with public auction sale results and racing performance.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of 1,098 yearling repository radiograph sets.

Uterine artery embolization during pregnancy.

Uterine artery pseudoaneurysms are very rare but serious malformations that can occur during pregnancy or postpartum. It is crucial to identify and treat them due to the morbid consequences associated with rupture. We present a case of a 27-year-old primigravid at 22 weeks 4 days with placenta previa and recent right salpingo-oophorectomy who presented with hematuria and right lower quadrant pain.

Using GenBank and SRA.

GenBank and the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) are comprehensive databases of publicly available DNA sequences. GenBank contains data for 480,000 named organisms, more than 176,000 within the embryophyta, obtained through submissions from individual laboratories and batch submissions from large-scale sequencing projects. SRA contains reads from next-generation sequencing studies from over 110,000 species.

High-flow Nasal Oxygen Versus Standard Oxygen During Flexible Bronchoscopy in Lung Transplant Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Diagnostic and interventional flexible bronchoscopy (FB) is increasingly utilized in complex and high-risk patients. Patients are often sedated for comfort and procedure facilitation and hypoxia is commonly observed in this setting. We hypothesized that high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) would reduce the incidence of patients experiencing oxygen desaturation.

MMP-9 inhibition promotes anti-tumor immunity through disruption of biochemical and physical barriers to T-cell trafficking to tumors.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), whose expression is frequently dysregulated in cancer, promotes tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis by multiple mechanisms, including extracellular matrix remodeling and growth-factor and cytokine activation. We developed a monoclonal antibody against murine MMP-9, which we found decreased growth of established primary tumors in an orthotopic model of HER2-driven breast cancer (HC11-NeuT) in immunocompetent mice. RNA sequencing (RNAseq) profiling of NeuT tumors and additional mouse model tumors revealed that anti-MMP-9 treatment resulted in upregulation of immune signature pathways associated with cytotoxic T-cell response.

Are Abused Women's Protective Actions Associated With Reduced Threats, Stalking, and Violence Perpetrated by Their Male Intimate Partners?

Victims of intimate partner violence may take various actions to protect themselves from their partner. This research examined the association between abused women's ( N = 755) protective strategies at baseline and her partner's threats, stalking, and moderate and severe violence 8 months later. Emergency domestic violence shelter and orders of protection significantly reduced subsequent abuse.

Intimate partner sexual violence: a comparison of foreign- versus US-born physically abused Latinas.

Men's violence against women-particularly intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV)-is associated with the transmission of HIV. Men who physically abuse their female intimate partners often also sexually abuse them. Latinas are one of the fastest growing populations in the USA and at high-risk for contracting HIV, though little is known about IPSV against physically abused Latinas, including whether there is an association between nativity of the victim and the likelihood of sexual violence by intimate partners.

Immigrant and nonimmigrant women: factors that predict leaving an abusive relationship.

This research used logistic regression to test components of Choice and Lamke's (1997) two-part decision-making model and Hamby's (2008) holistic risk assessment as predictors of the decision to separate from an abusive partner, comparing significant predictors for immigrant (n = 497) and nonimmigrant (n = 808) women. Findings demonstrated that immigrant women reported higher levels of perceived risks/barriers to leaving, provided some support for the use of a holistic risk assessment in understanding women's decisions to leave, and demonstrated that immigrant and nonimmigrant women have both similarities and differences in the factors that predict leaving. Clinical and policy implications are addressed.

Efficient generation and cryopreservation of cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells.

Aim: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) represent a novel cell source to treat diseases such as heart failure and for use in drug screening. In this study, we aim to promote efficient generation of cardiomyocytes from hESCs by combining the current optimal techniques of controlled growth of undifferentiated cells and specific induction for cardiac differentiation. We also aim to examine whether these methods are scalable and whether the differentiated cells can be cryopreserved.

Women with protective orders report failure to remove firearms from their abusive partners: results from an exploratory study.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of women who sought court protection orders for domestic violence (PODV) about actions to implement laws intended to disarm their abusers.

Methods: We identified female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) in New York and Los Angeles primarily through family courts and records of police calls for domestic violence. Of these, 782 were surveyed and asked about their experiences seeking PODV from courts, judges ordering the removal of firearms from defendants, and if firearms were actually surrendered or confiscated.

Intimate partner violence: development of a brief risk assessment for the emergency department.

Objectives: Women assaulted by intimate partners are frequently patients in emergency departments (EDs). Many victims and health care providers fail to take into account the potential risks of repeat partner violence. The objective of this study was to use data from a larger study of domestic violence risk assessment methods to develop a brief assessment for acute care settings to identify victims at highest risk for suffering severe injury or potentially lethal assault by an intimate partner or former partner.

Cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells in pro-survival factors enhance function of infarcted rat hearts.

Cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem (hES) cells potentially offer large numbers of cells to facilitate repair of the infarcted heart. However, this approach has been limited by inefficient differentiation of hES cells into cardiomyocytes, insufficient purity of cardiomyocyte preparations and poor survival of hES cell-derived myocytes after transplantation. Seeking to overcome these challenges, we generated highly purified human cardiomyocytes using a readily scalable system for directed differentiation that relies on activin A and BMP4.

Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes can be maintained in defined medium without serum.

Current procedures for the maintenance of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem (hES) cells rely on either co-culture with mouse cells or medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS). Due to exposure to animal products, these methods carry the risk of potential pathogen contamination and increased immunogenicity. Additionally, FBS introduces inherent variability in the cultures due to the inevitable differences in serum lots.

Outcomes of custody and visitation petitions when fathers are restrained by protection orders: the case of the New York family courts.

A random sample of custody and visitation petitions filed in New York City Family Courts in 1995 was used to examine outcomes of mothers' Order of Protection (OP) Petitions in relation to parents' custody and visitation petitions. Fathers restrained by OPs were more likely to secure visitation orders (64%) than not. In contrast, 80.

Basic fibroblast growth factor supports undifferentiated human embryonic stem cell growth without conditioned medium.

Previous studies have shown that prolonged propagation of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) requires conditioned medium from mouse embryonic feeders (MEF-CM) as well as matrix components. Because hESCs express growth factor receptors, including those for basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), stem cell factor (SCF), and fetal liver tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (Flt3L), we evaluated these and other growth factors for their ability to maintain undifferentiated hESCs in the absence of conditioned medium. We found cultures maintained in bFGF alone or in combination with other factors showed characteristics similar to MEF-CM control cultures, including morphology, surface marker and transcription factor expression, telomerase activity, differentiation, and karyotypic stability.

Conditionally replicative adenovirus driven by the human telomerase promoter provides broad-spectrum antitumor activity without liver toxicity.

The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter is known to selectively drive transgene expression in many human cancer cells expressing hTERT, the catalytic component of the telomerase ribonucleoprotein complex. We have created a conditionally replicative adenovirus where the viral E1A gene, which is required for viral replication, is under the control of the hTERT promoter (AdhTERTp-E1A). In vitro studies with AdhTERTp-E1A virus on a variety of normal and tumor cell lines have shown that viral genome replication and productive infection is primarily restricted to telomerase-positive tumor cells.