Machine Learning-based Prognostic Subgrouping of Glioblastoma: A Multi-center Study.

Background: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive adult primary brain cancer, characterized by significant heterogeneity, posing challenges for patient management, treatment planning, and clinical trial stratification.

Methods: We developed a highly reproducible, personalized prognostication and clinical subgrouping system using machine learning (ML) on routine clinical data, MRI, and molecular measures from 2,838 demographically diverse patients across 22 institutions and 3 continents. Patients were stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor prognostic subgroups (I, II, III) using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Cox proportional model and hazard ratios [HR]).

Not in my treatment center: Leadership's perception of barriers to MOUD adoption.

Introduction: Despite their well-established effectiveness, medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are widely underutilized across the United States. In the context of a large publicly funded behavioral health system, we examined the relationship between a range of implementation barriers and a substance use disorder treatment agency's level of adoption of MOUD.

Methods: We surveyed leadership of publicly funded substance use disorder treatment centers in Philadelphia about the significance of barriers to implementing MOUD related to their workforce, organization, funding, regulations, and beliefs about MOUD's efficacy and safety.

Rural-Urban Differences in Diabetes Care and Control in 42 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-sectional Study of Nationally Representative Individual-Level Data.

Objective: Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but there are limited data on the performance of health systems in delivering equitable and effective care to rural populations. We therefore assessed rural-urban differences in diabetes care and control in LMICs.

Research Design And Methods: We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative health surveys in 42 countries.

An assessment of voting knowledge and related decisions amongst hospitalised mental healthcare users in South Africa.

Background: The South African Constitution protects the right to vote for every citizen. The (No. 73 of 1998) limits registration on the voter's roll on the basis of being declared of 'unsound mind' or 'mentally disordered' by the high court or detention under the (No.

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis as a Gateway to Primary Care.

Objectives: To determine whether HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is associated with use of non-HIV-related health care.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of potential PrEP candidates at a Boston, Massachusetts, community health clinic during 2012 to 2016, comparing the proportion of PrEP users and non-PrEP users receiving primary care.

Results: Of 5857 PrEP candidates, 2047 (35%) were prescribed PrEP.

Visual knee-kinetic biofeedback technique normalizes gait abnormalities during high-demand mobility after total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Abnormal knee mechanics frequently follow total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery with these deficits amplifying as task demands increase. Knee-kinetic biofeedback could provide a means of attenuating gait abnormalities. The purposes of this study were as follows: (1) to describe the gait characteristic differences between patients with TKA and non-TKA adults during level (low-demand) and decline (high-demand) walking; and (2) where differences existed, to determine the impact of knee-kinetic biofeedback on normalizing these abnormalities.

Activation of Human Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-8 (TRPM8) by Calcium-Rich Particulate Materials and Effects on Human Lung Cells.

To better understand how adverse health effects are caused by exposure to particulate materials, and to develop preventative measures, it is important to identify the properties of particles and molecular targets that link exposure with specific biologic outcomes. Coal fly ash (CFA) is a by-product of coal combustion that can affect human health. We report that human transient receptor potential melastatin-8 (TRPM8) and an N-terminally truncated TRPM8 variant (TRPM8-Δ801) are activated by CFA and calcium-rich nanoparticles and/or soluble salts within CFA.

Effects of using a computer in a doctor's office on patient attitudes toward using computerized prompts in routine care.

Background: We undertook this investigation to understand the effect of using a computer in a primary care setting on attitudes toward using computers to improve health services delivery.

Methods: In this analysis, we compared the acceptability data from the group of primary care patients from 10 community-based practices who did not use a computer program, and answered the questions hypothetically, with data from a group of patients who actually used a program such as one proposed in the survey taken by the first group of patients. Attitudes toward three uses of the program, screening, counseling and changing treatments were measured, as well as attitudes toward specific aspects of the program, such as security.