Abiotic stressors in poultry production: A comprehensive review.

In modern animal husbandry, stress can be viewed as an automatic response triggered by exposure to adverse environmental conditions. This response can range from mild discomfort to severe consequences, including mortality. The poultry industry, which significantly contributes to human nutrition, is not exempt from this issue.

Neonatal α-Ketoglutaric Acid Gavage May Potentially Alleviate Acute Heat Stress by Modulating Hepatic Heat Shock Protein 90 and Improving Blood Antioxidant Status of Broilers.

This study investigated the effect of neonatal α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) gavage feeding on broilers. The first experiment was conducted to determine the effect of AKG on day-old broilers. A total of seventy-two-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups: (i) Two groups of chicks with gavage feeding of 0.

In ovo feeding of α-ketoglutaric acid improves hepatic antioxidant-gene expression, plasma antioxidant activities and decreases body temperature without affecting broiler body weight under cyclic heat stress.

The broiler industry is adversely affected by the rise in global temperature. This study investigated the effects of in ovo feeding of α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) on growth performance, organ weight, plasma metabolite, plasma oxidative stress, rectal temperature (RT), and hepatic mRNA expression of antioxidant-related genes in Arbor Acres broilers subjected to cyclic heat stress (HS). Three hundred fifty fertile eggs during incubation were divided into 5 groups according to AKG concentrations and temperature conditions.

Dietary supplementation of solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles modulates cecal microbiome composition in broiler chickens.

This study evaluated the effects of supplementing solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles (SSPP) on growth performances, plasma biochemicals, and microbial composition in broilers. The birds were reared for 28 days and fed basal diets with or without the inclusion of SSPP from 8 days old. There were a total of three dietary treatments supplemented with 0% (0% SSPP), 0.

In ovo feeding of vitamins in broilers: A comprehensive meta-analysis of hatchability and growth performance.

In ovo feeding has been introduced as a cost-effective method to improve hatchability and broiler performance. Specifically, several studies have focused on the impact of vitamins. However, due to variations in experimental conditions across all trials, drawing general conclusions appears challenging.

Mitigation of cold stress in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through dietary lipids supplementation: a preliminary network meta-analysis.

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that water temperature can significantly impact the dietary fatty acid requirements of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Therefore, this study assessed the effectiveness of different dietary lipid sources on the growth performance of Nile tilapia reared at suboptimal temperatures. A network meta-analysis was performed, including searches of PubMed and Scopus from inception to January 2022, for trials that evaluated the effects of lipid sources on cold-stressed Nile tilapia.

Embryonic modulation through thermal manipulation and in ovo feeding to develop heat tolerance in chickens.

Healthy chickens are necessary to meet the ever-increasing demand for poultry meat. Birds are subjected to numerous stressful conditions under commercial rearing systems, including variations in the environmental temperature. However, it is difficult to counter the effects of global warming on the livestock industry.

Effects of Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In avian species, heat stress (HS) is usually the result of being exposed to high ambient temperatures, whereas oxidative stress (OS) results from the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The current literature suggests that HS often leads to OS. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of glutamine on the antioxidant status and growth performances in heat-stressed broilers.

Dietary supplementation of solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles modifies gut length and cecum microbiota in cyclic heat-stressed broilers.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing solubles from steam-exploded pine particles (SSPP) on mitigating the adverse effects of cyclic heat stress (CHS) in broilers which were distributed into 3 dietary treatment groups and 2 temperature conditions. Heat stress (HS) exposure for 6 h daily for 7 d adversely affected performance parameters and rectal temperature of chickens. The absolute and relative weights of the liver and bursa of Fabricius decreased in the CHS group while the relative lengths of the jejunum and ileum increased, which was rescued by dietary supplementation with SSPP.

Dietary shredded steam-exploded pine particle supplementation as a strategy to mitigate chronic cyclic heat stress by modulating gut microbiota in broilers.

Improving the availability of underutilized waste for the economic use of livestock feed can be important in countries where feed grain production is scarce. Modulating the gut microbiota through the fibrous content present in these wastes may help mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress (HS). Here, we investigated the effects of dietary steam-exploded pine particle (SPP), a value-added waste product, on the performance, gut health, and cecum microbiota in heat-stressed broilers.

Effects of In Ovo Injection of α-Ketoglutaric Acid on Hatchability, Growth, Plasma Metabolites, and Antioxidant Status of Broilers.

Recently, α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) has gained importance as an antioxidant. Its dietary supplementation in animals and humans has proved beneficial. Moreover, an extensive group of studies on in ovo feeding has proved that it produces better day-old chicks and overall performance.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Solubles from Shredded, Steam-Exploded Pine Particles on the Performance and Cecum Microbiota of Acute Heat-Stressed Broilers.

Heat stress (HS) negatively influences livestock productivity, but it can be, at least in part, mitigated by nutritional interventions. One such intervention is to use byproducts from various sources that are likely to be included in the consumer chain. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles (SSPPs) on the performance and cecum microbiota in broilers subjected to acute HS.

Impact of embryonic manipulations on core body temperature dynamics and survival in broilers exposed to cyclic heat stress.

Ambient temperature-associated stress has been shown to affect the normal physiological functions of birds. The recent literature indicated that both, embryonic thermal manipulation (ETM) and in ovo feeding (IOF) of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) can mitigate the deleterious effects of heat stress (HS) in young broiler chicks. Therefore, this study intended to assess the effects of cyclic HS (32 ± 1 °C, 4 h/day from day 29 to 35) on rectal temperatures (RTs) and survival in broiler chickens after ETM and in IOF of GABA.

Embryonic manipulations modulate differential expressions of heat shock protein, fatty acid metabolism, and antioxidant-related genes in the liver of heat-stressed broilers.

In this study, the effects of in ovo feeding of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and embryonic thermal manipulation (TM) on plasma biochemical parameters, organ weights, and hepatic gene expression in broilers exposed to cyclic heat stress (32 ± 1°C for 8 days) (HS) were investigated. A total of 175 chicks were assigned to five treatments: chicks hatched from control eggs (CON); chicks hatched from control eggs but exposed to HS (CON+HS); chicks hatched from eggs injected at 17.5 days of incubation with 0.

Effect of in ovo feeding of γ-aminobutyric acid combined with embryonic thermal manipulation on hatchability, growth, and hepatic gene expression in broilers.

Objective: This study investigated the effects of in ovo feeding of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and embryonic thermal manipulation (ETM) on growth performance, organ indices, plasma biochemical parameters, hepatic antioxidant levels, and expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in broilers.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty eggs were assigned to one of four treatments: control eggs incubated under standard conditions (CON); eggs that received an in ovo injection of 10% GABA on day 17.5 of incubation (G10); thermally manipulated eggs between days 10 and 18 of incubation at 39.

Quality Characteristics of Meat Analogs through the Incorporation of Textured Vegetable Protein: A Systematic Review.

Meat analogs produced through extruded products, such as texture vegetable protein (TVP) with the addition of various plant-based ingredients are considered the products that have great potential for replacing real meat. This systematic review was conducted to summarize the evidence of the incorporation of TVP on the quality characteristics of meat analogs. Extensive literature exploration was conducted up to March 2022 for retrieving studies on the current topic in both PubMed and Scopus databases.

Embryonic Thermal Manipulation and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Supplementation Regulating the Chick Weight and Stress-Related Genes at Hatch.

Chickens are exposed to numerous types of stress from hatching to shipping, influencing poultry production. Embryonic manipulation may develop resistance against several stressors. This study investigates the effects of thermoneutral temperature (T0; 37.

Dietary Supplementation of Shredded, Steam-Exploded Pine Particles Decreases Pathogenic Microbes in the Cecum of Acute Heat-Stressed Broilers.

The gut microbiome stimulates nutrient metabolism and could effectively generate heat tolerance in chickens. This study investigates the effects of dietary steam-exploded pine particle (SPP) supplementation and subsequent acute heat stress on productive performance and cecum microbiome in broilers. Eight-day Ross 308 broilers were distributed in three groups with 0%, 1%, and 2% SPP in diets.

In Ovo Injection of GABA Can Help Body Weight Gain at Hatch, Increase Chick Weight to Egg Weight Ratio, and Improve Broiler Heat Resistance.

The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of an in ovo GABA injection in broilers challenged with HS. In Experiment 1, 210 Arbor Acres eggs were allocated to five treatments: no-injection, and in ovo injection of 0.6 mL of 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of GABA.

Effect of thermal conditioning on growth performance and thermotolerance in broilers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Thermal conditioning has been introduced as a cost-effective way to improve performance and thermotolerance in broilers. However, since all the trials were performed under various experimental conditions, it appears difficult to draw general conclusions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the response of broilers to thermal conditioning through a meta-analysis approach.

The effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid supplementation on growth performances, immune responses, and blood parameters of chickens reared under stressful environment: a meta-analysis.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a well-known feed supplement for its capability of reducing the adverse effect of stress in chickens. Several studies using GABA supplementation as a mitigatory measure have been published. However, it remains difficult to draw a general conclusion since these studies have been done under different experimental conditions.

Regulation of gene expression in chickens by heat stress.

High ambient temperatures are a critical challenge in the poultry industry which is a key producer of the animal-based food. To evaluate heat stress levels, various parameters have been used, including growth rates, blood metabolites, and hormones. The most recent advances have explored expression profiling of genes that may play vital roles under stress.