Genetic variability within the coat protein gene of Grapevine fanleaf virus isolates from South Africa and the evaluation of RT-PCR, DAS-ELISA and ImmunoStrips as virus diagnostic assays.

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is responsible for severe fanleaf degeneration in grapevines of all major wine producing regions of the world, including South Africa. In order to successfully control the spread of the virus, specific and reliable diagnostic assays are necessary. The genetic variability of 12 GFLV isolates recovered from naturally infected grapevine plants in the Western Cape region of South Africa were characterised.

Endodontic treatment of dens invaginatus in a dog.

Dens invaginatus or dens in dente is a developmental dental malformation that has the radiographic appearance of a separate tooth inside the pulp chamber or canal of another tooth. This report describes endodontic treatment of a variation of dens invaginatus in the maxillary canine tooth of a dog.