Verrucous hemangioma (also known as verrucous venous malformation): A vascular anomaly frequently misdiagnosed as a lymphatic malformation.

Verrucous hemangioma or verrucous venous malformation is a superficial venous malformation frequently misdiagnosed as a lymphatic malformation because of its classical hyperkeratotic appearance. Clinical characteristics of VVM were studied in patients with a histologically confirmed VVM, and validated in a prospective study of 18 patients. VVM was made of separated vascular elements with irregular shape, in a linear disposition, with variable thickness and keratosis.

Malignant Melanoma Arising in Patients with a Large Congenital Melanocytic Naevus: Retrospective Study of 10 Cases with Cytogenetic Analysis.

Large congenital melanocytic naevi (LCMN) represent the main risk factor for development of melanoma in childhood. This retrospective study of 10 cases of melanoma in patients with LCMN used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) (6 cases) to elucidate the clinical, histological, and cytogenetic characteristics of this rare disorder. Six melanomas were found within the LCMN, the others in lymph nodes, subcutis and brain.

[Orbital congenital nevi: Principles of treatment about 51 cases].

Introduction: The incidence of congenital nevi is one over 20,000 newborns per year, 14 % of them are located in the head and neck area. Nevi of the orbital region are particularly difficult to handle on the aesthetic and functional side. The objectives of this study were to conduct an analysis of different clinical presentations of congenital nevi of the eyelid orbital region in children to establish a treatment algorithm.

[Melanotic neurofibroma].

Background: Melanotic neurofibromas are rare tumours. The clinical and histological diagnosis is often difficult to make.

Case Report: A 41 year-old woman with type-1 neurofibromatosis presented with an old, large (16 cm by 6 cm) pigmented tumour on her left arm.

[The importance of early surgery in preventing the esthetic sequelae of cervicofacial mucocutaneous hemangiomas in children].

Infants with cutaneous hemangiomas are classically managed medically, well-defined surgery being planned for esthetic correction at the age of 8 to 10 years. We present a series of 65 cases of early surgery in children with head and neck cutaneous or mucosal hemangiomas where irreversible and unesthetic scars were predictable. The surgical procedure was simple and the cosmetic result was better than could be expected after late surgery, limiting psychological consequences.

ICAM-3 and E-selectin endothelial cell expression differentiate two phases of angiogenesis in infantile hemangiomas.

Cellular adhesion molecules are newly identified mediators of angiogenesis. Infantile hemangiomas, characterized in the early stages by a proliferation of poorly differentiated vessels followed in the late stages by a vascular differentiation and regression of the tumor, represent an interesting model to study angiogenesis. We studied by immunohistochemistry the distribution of HLA-DR and three adhesion molecules ICAM-3, E-selectin and VCAM-1 on endothelial cells in different stages of vessel differentiation in infantile hemangiomas.

Description of cutaneous excision and suture using a mathematical model.

Mathematical models are being developed at a fast rate in industry thanks to computer technology; they are used to simulate motion and deformation over time to test materials and objects in a virtual manner. These modeling techniques are being developed in medicine, but they remain, at this time, in the domain of biomechanical research. We report a mathematical model for cutaneous excision and suture, which we have used to predict the deformations and tensions that result when using four different forms of excision.

Advantage of the presence of living dermal fibroblasts within in vitro reconstructed skin for grafting in humans.

Methods for serial cultivation of human keratinocytes can provide large quantities of epidermal cells, which have the potential of restoring the vital barrier function of the epidermis in extensive skin defects such as burns. To investigate the value of combining an epidermis with a dermal component, fibroblasts originated from the superficial dermis were used to seed a collagen lattice as described by E. Bell (dermal equivalent).

[Congenital giant blue nevus. Apropos of a case].

A case of a three years old girl showing a congenital giant blue nevus, in the neck and the occipital region, is presented. The giant blue nevus was associated to an important cutaneous nevomatosis. The treatment has consisted of an surgical excision of an surgical excision of the main lesion, and operative continuations have been simple.

Staphylococcal necrotizing fasciitis in the mammary region in childhood: a report of five cases.

Objective: Necrotizing fasciitis is a highly lethal soft tissue infection rarely reported in childhood. The initiating site is usually a local trauma or a surgical wound. We observed five cases of necrotizing fasciitis the initiating site for which was the mammary region and discuss their management.

Surgical treatment of large cutaneous lesions of the back in children by concentric cutaneous mobilization.

Excision of large cutaneous lesions of the back, such as giant nevi in children, represents a major surgical challenge. Actually, many authors use tissue expanders. Recently, we have proposed, through a better evaluation of the biomechanical properties of the skin, a natural expansion mode using the postoperative tension.

[Complex facial nevus in children treated by combination of prosthetic and deferred natural expansions].

Congenital pigmented naevi of the face in children represent indications for early excision and the search for the best aesthetic result has led the authors to prefer the use of skin expansion techniques. The case presented here illustrates the combined use of two expansion techniques: prosthetic expansion and natural differed expansion. This procedure gives good cosmetic results at a moderate overall cost.

Dog ear: true and false. A simple surgical management.

The rise of the utilization of tissue expanders and procedures like liposuction have brought us a better understanding of the biomechanical properties of the skin as a living organ. This understanding has helped us to appreciate better the etiopathology of a dog ear deformity and to utilize the same properties for its correction by simple methods and thus avoid complex plasties and additional scars.

[Use of deformities in the treatment of facial skin defects in children: "deforming resections". Report of 35 cases].

Spontaneous resolution of deformities after excision of facial skin lesions has been known and used for a long time by plastic surgeons. The resorption mechanism of deformity is based on natural skin expansion, and seems to be directly related to the action of the muscles of facial expression and their skin relations. Natural expansion has been shown to be effective in children.

[Deferred natural expansion].

Adaptation of the skin to the oriented and directed tension stresses can allow, under certain specific conditions, considerable expansion for the subsequent cover of large skin defects in children and adults. This paper describes the concept of natural deferred expansion, illustrated by two clinical examples. Its theoretical bases, as well as a computerized biological model are discussed.

Antagonism between estradiol and progestin on Bcl-2 expression in breast-cancer cells.

Bcl-2 is a key protein involved in the control of apoptosis. Our previous studies on breast and endometrium indicated hormonal regulation of bcl-2 in these tissues. In the present work we have analyzed Bcl-2 and Bax protein expressions in MCF-7 and T47-D, 2 hormone-dependent breast-cancer cell lines, by immunoblots.

[Natural skin expansion. Applications to the surgery of nevus of the head and neck in children].

The surgical treatment of congenital naevi of the head and neck often require the use of expansion prostheses. The high risk of complications in children such as infection, necrosis, prosthetic exposure, has led the authors to propose a new therapeutic approach, consisting of deferred cutaneous expansion, which uses the skin tension as an expansion motor. This allows repair in one or several surgical phases, of large defect using the skin of the same anatomical unit, with good esthetic results.

[Giant congenital blue nevus of the scalp].

Introduction: Blue nevi are small acquired melanocytic tumors. Two clinical forms are described, a fibrous form and a cellular form. Giant nevi are exceptional.

Use of distortions in the treatment of skin lesions of the face: the distorting excision.

Reconstruction after excision of a cutaneous lesion of the face is done by various complex old and new flaps to avoid any distortion. The distortions following primary closure of defects in the face are given undue importance. We have observed and used the capacity of self-correction of these distortions, which is partially due to the muscular actions.

Rapid intraoperative distension using isotonic saline solution.

Rapid intraoperative expansion can provide a solution to certain losses of cutaneous substance. In some cases where this method proves useful, I have been able to obtain interesting results by using distension with saline. I would like to show the importance of this operating technique, as well as its limits and advantages.

Cutaneous expansion using enforced position in the treatment of large skin defects.

This paper presents a new method of reconstruction of a large skin defect, e.g., following excision of a giant pigmented nevus.