Evaluation of Vinca Rosea's Protective Effects on Hepatic Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats.

Background Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, often leads to severe hepatic dysfunction, including increased liver enzyme levels and histopathological changes in the liver. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat models provide a valuable method for evaluating potential therapeutic agents that target hepatic complications. , a medicinal plant with known anti-diabetic properties, has been used traditionally for its hepatoprotective effects, although scientific evidence is limited.

Analysis of the impact of a rhinologist-assisted endoscopic approach on a single neurosurgeon's outcomes in transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas.

Objectives: Determine the improvements in outcomes of transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection following addition of a skull base rhinologist to the neurosurgical team.

Design: All patients that underwent transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma were identified. Demographic data, Otolaryngology (ENT) involvement, initial adenoma size, extent of resection, hormonal secretion status, visual field exam, post-operative DI, CSF leak, recurrence, need for nasoseptal flap (NSF), re-operation rate were all collected.

Multi-parametric thrombus profiling microfluidics detects intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis associated with hypertension and aging.

Arterial thrombosis is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with no effective bioassay for clinical prediction. As a symbolic feature of arterial thrombosis, severe stenosis in the blood vessel creates a high-shear, high-gradient flow environment that facilitates platelet aggregation towards vessel occlusion. Here, we present a thrombus profiling assay that monitors the multi-dimensional attributes of thrombi forming in such biomechanical conditions.

Stem cell-specific ecdysone signaling regulates the development of dorsal fan-shaped body neurons and sleep homeostasis.

Complex behaviors arise from neural circuits that assemble from diverse cell types. Sleep is a conserved behavior essential for survival, yet little is known about how the nervous system generates neuron types of a sleep-wake circuit. Here, we focus on the specification of Drosophila 23E10-labeled dorsal fan-shaped body (dFB) long-field tangential input neurons that project to the dorsal layers of the fan-shaped body neuropil in the central complex.

An Alternative Diagnostic Test rather than 24 hours Urinary Protein to Detect Massive Proteinuria in Nephrotic Syndrome in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Paediatrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Bangladesh from February 2016 to December 2016 to detect massive proteinuria by spot urinary protein creatinine ratio as an alternative diagnostic test to 24 hrs urinary total protein in nephrotic syndrome. Fifty one (51) children aged 2 to 12 years admitted with 1st episode of nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric department of MMCH were included in this by purposive sampling technique. All the patients were asked to give a 24 hours urine sample.

Multi-parametric thrombus profiling microfluidics detects intensified biomechanical thrombogenesis associated with hypertension and aging.

Arterial thrombosis, which represents a critical complication of cardiovascular diseases, is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide with no effective bioassay for clinical prediction. As a symbolic feature of arterial thrombosis, severe stenosis in the blood vessel creates a high-shear, high-gradient flow environment that effectively facilitates platelet aggregation towards vessel occlusion even with platelet amplification loops inhibited. However, no approach is currently available to comprehensively characterize the size, composition and platelet activation status of thrombi forming under this biorheological condition.

Antibiotics taken within the first year of life are linked to infant gut microbiome disruption and elevated atopic dermatitis risk.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in both pediatric and adult populations. The development of AD has been linked to antibiotic usage, which causes perturbation of the microbiome and has been associated with abnormal immune system function. However, imbalances in the gut microbiome itself associated with antibiotic usage have been inconsistently linked to AD.

A qualitative perspective of working women care providers and care receivers on eldercare: a study from India.

Background: The paper aims to explore the elderly caregiving process in India from the perspective of both elderly as well as working women care providers, along with the challenges faced and the coping strategies adopted by them during the process.

Methods: In-depth interviews with 48 participants (care providers and care receivers) from 25 multi-generational households were conducted in the slums of Mumbai and analysed using QSR-NVivo-10.

Results: Working women care providers supported the needs of the dependent elderly along with performing household chores and paid work.

Perspectives on chick embryo models in developmental and reproductive toxicity screening.

Teratology, the study of congenital anomalies and their causative factors intersects with developmental and reproductive toxicology, employing innovative methodologies. Evaluating the potential impacts of teratogens on fetal development and assessing human risk is an essential prerequisite in preclinical research. The chicken embryo model has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding human embryonic development due to its remarkable resemblance to humans.

Identification of phytoconstituents from and study of antibacterial activity guided by molecular docking.

According to WHO, antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest healthcare challenges to the global community. Therefore, it is absolutely essential to discover new antibiotics to address the challenge. (ForssK.

Advances in structure-activity relationships of HDAC inhibitors as HIV latency-reversing agents.

Introduction: HIV-infected cells may rebound due to the existence of the silent HIV-infected memory CD4+ T cells (HIV latency). This HIV latency makes the disease almost incurable. In latency, the integrated proviral DNA of HIV is transcriptionally silenced partly due to the activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs).

Glyptothorax heokheei, a new species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from the Brahmaputra River drainage, Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India.

Glyptothorax heokheei, a new species of sisorid catfish is described from the Brahmaputra River drainage in India. It can be distinguished from all congeners, exceptG. dikrongensis,G.

Current Trends of Using Antimicrobials in Acute Watery Diarrhoea in Children Below 5 Years of Age at Paediatrics Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh.

Childhood diarrhoea is a major public health problem in developing countries like Bangladesh which is commonly caused by intestinal infection, mainly viral. Diarrhoea is causing second leading mortality in children below 5 years, where about 2 billion cases occur globally in each year. This study was proposed to evaluate the antimicrobials utilization pattern prescribed for AWD in children below 5 years of age, in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.

Physical intimate partner violence in India: how much does childhood socialisation matter?

While a large number of studies assumed gendered socialisation leads to partner abuse, little evidence exists for India. We bridge this crucial gap by exploring the pathways between childhood socialisation and intimate partner violence, using data 'Youth in India: Situation and Need Study (2006-2007)' for 5573 young married men (15-29 years). Nearly 17 per cent of men inflicted physical IPV in the past 12 months.

Homeostatic control of deep sleep and molecular correlates of sleep pressure in .

Homeostatic control of sleep is typically addressed through mechanical stimulation-induced forced wakefulness and the measurement of subsequent increases in sleep. A major confound attends this approach: biological responses to deprivation may reflect a direct response to the mechanical insult rather than to the loss of sleep. Similar confounds accompany all forms of sleep deprivation and represent a major challenge to the field.

Stem cell-specific ecdysone signaling regulates the development and function of a sleep homeostat.

Complex behaviors arise from neural circuits that are assembled from diverse cell types. Sleep is a conserved and essential behavior, yet little is known regarding how the nervous system generates neuron types of the sleep-wake circuit. Here, we focus on the specification of sleep-promoting neurons-long-field tangential input neurons that project to the dorsal layers of the fan-shaped body neuropil in the central complex (CX).

SHIP1 inhibition via 3-alpha-amino-cholestane enhances protection against Leishmania infection.

Leishmania major and L. donovani cause cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis, respectively. Available chemotherapies suffer from toxicity, drug-resistance or high cost of production prompting the need for the discovery of new anti-leishmanials.

Environmental persistence of Listeria monocytogenes and its implications in dairy processing plants.

Listeriosis, an invasive illness with a fatality rate between 20% and 30%, is caused by the ubiquitous bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Human listeriosis has long been associated with foods. This is because the ubiquitous nature of the bacteria renders it a common food contaminant, posing a significant risk to the food processing sector.

NOX-2 Inhibitors may be Potential Drug Candidates for the Management of COVID-19 Complications.

COVID-19 is an RNA virus that attacks the targeting organs, which express angiotensin- converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), such as the lungs, heart, renal system, and gastrointestinal tract. The virus that enters the cell by endocytosis triggers ROS production within the confines of endosomes via a NOX-2 containing NADPH-oxidase. Various isoforms of NADPH oxidase are expressed in airways and alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, and inflammatory cells, such as alveolar macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and Tlymphocytes.