Alternative splicing of transcript mediates the response of circadian clocks to temperature changes.

Circadian clocks respond to temperature changes over the calendar year, allowing organisms to adjust their daily biological rhythms to optimize health and fitness. In , seasonal adaptations are regulated by temperature-sensitive alternative splicing (AS) of () and () genes that encode key transcriptional repressors of clock gene expression. Although () gene encodes the critical activator of circadian gene expression, AS of its transcripts and its potential role in temperature regulation of clock function have not been explored.

Effectiveness of a game-based high-intensity interval training on executive function and other health indicators of children with ADHD: A three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Children with ADHD demand for effective intervention with minimum side effect to improve executive function (EF) and health well-being.

Method: This study used a three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial to test the effects of two different kinds of 8-week game-based training programs (game-based HIIT program, GameHIIT; and game-based structured aerobic exercise program, GameSAE) on EF and other health indicators of children with ADHD, which was compared with a non-treatment control group.

Results: A total of 49 children with ADHD completed the program.

Alternative splicing of transcript mediates the response of circadian clocks to temperature changes.

Circadian clocks respond to temperature changes over the calendar year, allowing organisms to adjust their daily biological rhythms to optimize health and fitness. In , seasonal adaptations and temperature compensation are regulated by temperature-sensitive alternative splicing (AS) of () and () genes that encode key transcriptional repressors of clock gene expression. Although () gene encodes the critical activator of clock gene expression, AS of its transcripts and its potential role in temperature regulation of clock function have not been explored.

Positive skill transfer in balance and speed control from balance bike to pedal bike in adults: A multiphase intervention study.

Background: Learning to cycle can be challenging for adults who did not acquire the necessary skills during childhood. Balance bikes have been used to teach children how to cycle, but it was unclear whether this approach could also be effective for adults.

Purpose: To address this, a multi-phase intervention study was conducted to investigate whether healthy adults could be taught to cycle independently through the use of a balance bike.

Associations between cortical lesions, optic nerve damage, and disability at the onset of multiple sclerosis: insights into neurodegenerative processes.

Background: Multiple sclerosis cortical lesions are areas of demyelination and neuroaxonal loss. Retinal layer thickness, measured with optical coherence tomography (OCT), is an emerging biomarker of neuroaxonal loss. Studies have reported correlations between cortical lesions and retinal layer thinning in established multiple sclerosis, suggesting a shared pathophysiological process.

Risdiplam in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Safety Profile and Use Through The Early Access to Medicine Scheme for the Paediatric Cohort in Great Britain.

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in Survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, leading to reduction in survival motor neuron protein (SMN), key for motor neuron survival and function in the brainstem and spinal cord. Risdiplam is an orally administered SMN2-splicing modifier which increases production of functional SMN protein. Risdiplam was offered in the UK under early access to medicines scheme (EAMS) to SMA type 1 and 2 patients aged 2 months and older, not suitable for authorised treatments from September 2020 to December 2021.

Radiological evaluation before and after treatment with an osseointegrated bone-anchor following major limb amputation-a guide for radiologists.

Osseointegrated implants have been developed to allow direct skeletal fixation of a prosthesis as an alternative to traditional socket-fitted prostheses for patients who have suffered from a major limb amputation. The implants contribute to improvements in functional outcome and quality of life and radiological evaluation plays a crucial role in pre- and post-operative assessment. This article acts as a guide for radiologists who may be tasked with providing the radiological information required by surgeons and prosthetists.

Use of GLP-1 agonists in high risk patients prior to bariatric surgery: a cohort study.

Introduction: Body mass index (BMI) > 50 kg/m is associated with relatively increased morbidity and mortality with bariatric surgery (BS). There is reluctance to consider these patients operative candidates without preoperative weight loss. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists have demonstrated effective weight loss in the post-BS setting.

National usage of bariatric surgery for class I obesity: an analysis of the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program.

Background: National and international consensus statements, as well as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), support the use of bariatric surgery for the treatment of class I obesity. Despite this, most payors within the United States limit reimbursement to the outdated 1991 NIH guidelines or a similar adaptation.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the safety of bariatric surgery in patients with lower BMI compared with standard patients, as well as determine U.

Relapsing polychondritis in systemic sclerosis: A rare vasculitic mimic.

Introduction: Relapsing polychondritis is a rare, immune-mediated disease characterised by inflammation of cartilaginous structures. Auricular chondritis, sparing the fatty lobule, is the most typical feature, followed by nose and laryngotracheal involvement. Albeit rare, neurologic involvement is reported with relapsing polychondritis.

Medical student preparation for the operating room.

Background: This study examines student perceptions of preparedness for the operating room (OR), resources used, and time spent in preparation.

Methods: Third-year medical and second-year physician assistant students across two campuses at a single academic institution were surveyed to assess perceptions of preparedness, time spent in preparation, resources used, and perceived benefits of preparation.

Results: 95 responses (response rate 49%) were received.

Atomic Origins of Enhanced Ferroelectricity in Nanocolumnar PbTiO /PbO Composite Thin Films.

Nanocomposite films hold great promise for multifunctional devices by integrating different functionalities within a single film. The microstructure of the precipitate/secondary phase is an essential element in designing composites' properties. The interphase strain between the matrix and secondary phase is responsible for strain-mediated functionalities, such as magnetoelectric coupling and ferroelectricity.

Anisotropic Melting Path of Charge-Ordering Insulator in LSMO/STO Superlattice.

Multiple phases coexist in manganite with simultaneously active couplings, and the transition among them depends on the relative intensities of different interactions. However, the melting path with variable intensities is unclear. The concentration and the ordering of oxygen vacancy in previous work are found to induce ferromagnetic charge-ordering insulator phase in [(La Sr MnO ) /(SrTiO ) ] superlattice, which translates into metallic phase with magnetic field H and temperature T.

Imaging features associated with H3 K27-altered and H3 G34-mutant gliomas: a narrative systematic review.

Background: Advances in molecular diagnostics accomplished the discovery of two malignant glioma entities harboring alterations in the H3 histone: diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered and diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant. Radiogenomics research, which aims to correlate tumor imaging features with genotypes, has not comprehensively examined histone-altered gliomas (HAG). The aim of this research was to synthesize the current published data on imaging features associated with HAG.

Effect of obesity on outcomes after breast reconstruction surgery, an analysis of national surgical quality improvement program.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for breast cancer and may affect the incidence, and outcomes of surgical treatment for breast cancer, including breast reconstruction.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate outcomes of breast reconstruction in patients with obesity.

Methods: In a retrospective review of the NSQIP 2013-2018, adult patients who underwent breast reconstruction were included.

Historical and projected public spending on drugs for rare diseases in Canada between 2010 and 2025.

Objective: Rare diseases are life-threatening, debilitating, or serious chronic conditions that affect < 50/100,000 people. Canadians can only access approximately 60% of drugs for rare diseases (DRDs), which is partially related to high per-patient costs and payers' affordability concerns. However, limiting access to DRDs can reduce survival and quality of life among patients and caregivers.

Effects of Caffeine on Performances of Simulated Match, Wingate Anaerobic Test, and Cognitive Function Test of Elite Taekwondo Athletes in Hong Kong.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on performances of simulated match, Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), and cognitive function test of elite taekwondo athletes. Ten elite taekwondo athletes in Hong Kong volunteered to participate in two main trials in a randomized double-blinded crossover design. In each main trial, 1 h after consuming a drink with caffeine (CAF) or a placebo drink without caffeine (PLA), the participants completed two simulated taekwondo match sessions followed by the WAnT.

Quality of life and neurological disability in children and young people with ataxia telangiectasia.

Aim: To explore neurological factors affecting quality of life (QoL) in children and young people with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), from both child and parent perspective.

Method: 24 children/young people with A-T (mean age 11.2 ± 3.

Effect of game-based high-intensity interval training program on the executive function of children with ADHD: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common developmental disorder in childhood, with a 5%-6% worldwide prevalence. Children with ADHD often demonstrate impaired executive function, which is closely related to the development of the commonly observed behavioral problems such as inattention, impaired inhibition, and hyperactivity. The purpose of this study is to examine whether a game-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program can improve the executive function of children with ADHD, compared with a traditional structured aerobic exercise program and a non-treatment control group.

Associations of Device-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Executive Function in Preadolescents: A Latent Profile Approach.

Purpose: This study investigated the associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and executive function in preadolescents.

Methods: One hundred and twenty preadolescents were recruited from 2 Hong Kong primary schools. PA and sedentary behavior were recorded for 7 consecutive days by accelerometer.

Unplanned Conversion From Partial to Radical Nephrectomy: An Analysis of Incidence, Etiology, and Risk Factors.

Purpose: Conversions from partial to radical nephrectomy are uncommon and reports on this topic are rare. In this study we present a detailed analysis of conversions from partial to radical nephrectomy in a single-institutional contemporary experience and provide an analysis of preoperative risk factors.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent converted (cases) and completed (controls) partial nephrectomy from 2000 to 2015 were matched 1:1 for analysis.

Site directed spin labeling to elucidating the mechanism of the cyanobacterial circadian clock.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) is a spectroscopic technique that provides structural and dynamic information on unpaired spins and their surrounding environments. Introduction of exogenous spin labels via site directed spin labeling (SDSL) enables characterization of systems of interests lacking intrinsic unpaired spins. This chapter describes the use of SDSL in quantifying KaiB-KaiC binding in the cyanobacterial circadian clock (Kai Clock), exploiting the changes in mobility of the local environment around the spin label on KaiB-KaiC interactions.

Effect of pre-operative oral paracetamol on gastric residual volume and pH in young children in the context of a 1-hour clear fluid fast: a randomised controlled trial.

High gastric residual volume and low pH are associated with increased mortality following pulmonary aspiration in animal studies. The use of pre-operative oral paracetamol has not been investigated in younger children and infants in the context of a prescriptive 1-h clear fluid fast aimed at reducing the risk of pulmonary aspiration while improving patient experience. Children aged 1 month up to a weight of 25 kg and scheduled for elective surgery were randomly allocated to receive a prescribed 3.