Childhood trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms in adolescents and young adults: The mediating role of mentalizing and emotion regulation strategies.

Objectives: Childhood trauma (physical, emotional, sexual abuse and/or physical and emotional neglect) represents a specific risk for developmental perturbations and long-term negative outcomes. Adolescents and young adults with childhood trauma have rarely experienced a single type of traumatic event but rather multiple traumatic experiences. However, studies on adolescent PTSD are sparse.

Prospective evaluation of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates in France.

Objectives: Several studies, especially in Europe, have recently reported the emerging phenomenon of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, but very few data are available in France. Our study aimed to determine the resistance prevalence in A. fumigatus isolates recovered from clinical samples over a 1-year period in two university hospital centers.

In vitro susceptibility profile of 200 recent clinical isolates of Candida spp. to topical antifungal treatments of vulvovaginal candidiasis, the imidazoles and nystatin agents.

Objective: Topical antifungal treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis is widely recommended. The most commonly recommended topical antifungals (the imidazoles clotrimazole, miconazole and econazole and the polyene nystatin) have been on the market for more than 30 years. There are only a few recent data available on the susceptibility of different Candida species to these antifungals, especially of non-albicans Candida species which appear to be less responsive to treatment with imidazoles.

Evidence of airborne excretion of Pneumocystis carinii during infection in immunocompetent rats. Lung involvement and antibody response.

To better understand the role of immunocompetent hosts in the diffusion of Pneumocystis in the environment, airborne shedding of Pneumocystis carinii in the surrounding air of experimentally infected Sprague Dawley rats was quantified by means of a real-time PCR assay, in parallel with the kinetics of P. carinii loads in lungs and specific serum antibody titres. Pneumocystis-free Sprague Dawley rats were intratracheally inoculated at day 0 (d0) and then followed for 60 days.

Bayesian development of a dose-response model for Aspergillus fumigatus and invasive aspergillosis.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major cause of mortality in immunocompromized hosts, most often consecutive to the inhalation of spores of Aspergillus. However, the relationship between Aspergillus concentration in the air and probability of IA is not quantitatively known. In this study, this relationship was examined in a murine model of IA.

Efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B for prophylaxis of acute or reactivation models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

The efficacy of antifungal prophylaxis for prevention of invasive aspergillosis (IA) may depend on whether IA results from recent inhalation of spores or reactivation of latent colonisation. Compare the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) for prophylaxis in acute and reactivation models of IA. In the acute model, mice immunosuppressed from day 0 were challenged at day 3 with an aerosol of Aspergillus fumigatus.

Dynamics of Pneumocystis carinii air shedding during experimental pneumocystosis.

To better understand the diffusion of Pneumocystis in the environment, airborne shedding of Pneumocystis carinii in the surrounding air of experimentally infected rats was quantified by means of a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, in parallel with the kinetics of P. carinii loads in their lungs. P.

Accumulation and transport of microbial-size particles in a pressure protected model burn unit: CFD simulations and experimental evidence.

Background: Controlling airborne contamination is of major importance in burn units because of the high susceptibility of burned patients to infections and the unique environmental conditions that can accentuate the infection risk. In particular the required elevated temperatures in the patient room can create thermal convection flows which can transport airborne contaminates throughout the unit. In order to estimate this risk and optimize the design of an intensive care room intended to host severely burned patients, we have relied on a computational fluid dynamic methodology (CFD).

Quantification and spread of Pneumocystis jirovecii in the surrounding air of patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia.

Background: Airborne transmission of Pneumocystis has been demonstrated in animal models and is highly probable in humans. However, information concerning burdens of Pneumocystis jirovecii (human-derived Pneumocystis) in exhaled air from infected patients is lacking. Our objective is to evaluate P.

HLA-B phenotype modifies the course of Behçet's disease in Moroccan patients.

In Moroccan patients, predisposition to Behçet's disease is associated with HLA-B*51, mostly in males with young age at disease onset. In addition, the disease is associated with B*15 both in females and in males with late disease onset. We analyzed the clinical presentation, the severity and the course of the disease in 86 Moroccan patients according to their HLA-B phenotype.

HLA class I polymorphism in a Moroccan population from Casablanca.

We have studied the distribution of HLA-A and -B alleles and haplotypes by sequence-specific primer amplification in a sample of 100 unrelated healthy individuals belonging to both Berber and Arabic-speaking groups from the region of Casablanca in Morocco. Among the 17 HLA-A and 23 HLA-B alleles observed, the most frequent were HLA-A2 (21%), -A1 (11%), -A3 (10%), -B44 (11.4%), -B50 (9.

HLA-B*51 and B*15 alleles confer predisposition to Behçet's disease in Moroccan patients.

HLA class I polymorphism in Moroccan patients with Behçet's disease has not been investigated so far. In this study, HLA-B* phenotype frequencies were analyzed in 86 unrelated Moroccan patients (45 males, 41 females) and 111 ethnically matched healthy controls. The predisposing effect of the B*51 was confirmed (30.

Chicken major histocompatibility complex class II B genes: analysis of interallelic and interlocus sequence variance.

Five different chicken B-LB genes were cloned and sequenced. The comparison of these sequences shows that they can be classified as members of two different families, the B-LBII family (containing the B-LBI and B-LBII genes) and the B-LBIII family (containing the B-LBIII, B-LBIV, and B-LBV genes). The extent of polymorphism within each of these families was assessed by in vitro amplification of DNA fragments encompassing exon 2 in several haplotypes.