Background: Eating behavior has a high impact on the well-being of an individual. Such behavior involves not only when an individual is eating, but also various contextual factors such as with whom and where an individual is eating and what kind of food the individual is eating. Despite the relevance of such factors, most automated eating detection systems are not designed to capture contextual factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, different nanocrystals have been reported to be the alternative, optimistic, and novel antimicrobial agent against the many antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Here, ligand-free CdS and Ag-doped CdS (Ag/CdS) nanocrystals have been synthesized by chemical methods for the study of the antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by Kirby-Bauer diffusion method to see the effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These prepared nanocrystals have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused several disruptions in personal and collective lives worldwide. The uncertainties surrounding the pandemic have also led to multifaceted mental health concerns, which can be exacerbated with precautionary measures such as social distancing and self-quarantining, as well as societal impacts such as economic downturn and job loss. Despite noting this as a "mental health tsunami", the psychological effects of the COVID-19 crisis remain unexplored at scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Development of a Bangla version of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI).
Methods: This biphasic observational study performed the translation and adaptation of the questionnaires carried out in 5 steps with pre-testing in 30 AS patients followed by the psychometric validation of the pre-final Bangla version utilizing content and construct validity in 115 AS patients. The reliability was examined through internal consistency and test-retest reliability involving 23 AS patients.
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in the department of Neonatology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh from July 2017 to December 2017 to determine antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in neonatal sepsis. Ninety four neonates (0-28 days) who were admitted in NICU with suspected sepsis were included in this study by purposive sampling technique. After admission written informed consent from parents or guardians obtained and then septic screening along with blood culture and antimicrobial sensitivity was done.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study was focused on translation and cultural adaptation of the English Lequesne Algofunctional index (LAI) into Bengali for patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and testing reliability and validity of the Bengali version of the LAI.
Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Rheumatology, BSM Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Using the forward-backward method the English LAI was translated into Bengali including cultural adaptation.
Mental illness often emerges during the formative years of adolescence and young adult development and interferes with the establishment of healthy educational, vocational, and social foundations. Despite the severity of symptoms and decline in functioning, the time between illness onset and receiving appropriate care can be lengthy. A method by which to objectively identify early signs of emerging psychiatric symptoms could improve early intervention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppropriate animal models are necessary to determine the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study used a battery of behavioral tests to compare Lister hooded rats (LHRs), an old outbred strain frequently used for autistic epilepsy research, with Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), a commonly used ADHD model. The open field, elevated plus maze, light/dark box, and drop tests demonstrated that LHRs were the most hyperactive animals and displayed the most inattentive- and impulsive-like behaviors, which are characteristics of ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc ACM Hum Comput Interact
November 2019
LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) individuals are at significantly higher risk for mental health challenges than the general population. Social media and online communities provide avenues for LGBTQ+ individuals to have safe, candid, semi-anonymous discussions about their struggles and experiences. We study through the language of disclosures and self-experiences on the r/lgbt Reddit community.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) used in plastic manufacturing processes may be contributing to the current increase in metabolic disorders. Here, we determined that benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), a common EDC and food packaging plasticizer, mixed into chow diet (CD) and high fat diets (HFD) at varying concentrations (4 μg/kg body weight (bw)/day, 169 μg/kg bw/day, 3 mg/kg bw/day, 50 mg/kg bw/day) produced a number of detrimental and sex-specific metabolic effects in C57BL/6 male and female mice after 16 weeks. Male mice exposed to moderate (3 mg/kg bw/day) concentrations of BBP in an HFD were especially affected, with significant increases in body weight due to significant increases in weight of liver and adipose tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDriven by the clinical need for a strong tissue adhesive with elastomeric material properties, a departure from legacy crosslinking chemistries was sought as a multipurpose platform for tissue mending. A fresh approach to bonding wet substrates has yielded a synthetic biomaterial that overcomes the drawbacks of free-radical and nature-inspired bioadhesives. A food-grade liquid polycaprolactone grafted with carbene precursors yields CaproGlu.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Psychiatry is nearly entirely reliant on patient self-reporting, and there are few objective and reliable tests or sources of collateral information available to help diagnostic and assessment procedures. Technology offers opportunities to collect objective digital data to complement patient experience and facilitate more informed treatment decisions.
Objective: We aimed to develop computational algorithms based on internet search activity designed to support diagnostic procedures and relapse identification in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is very high in Bangladesh. Chronic gastritis due to H. pylori is commonly associated with important gastric diseases such as peptic ulcer diseases or gastric carcinoma and MALT-oma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe World Health Organization Global Action Plan recommends integrated surveillance programs as crucial strategies for monitoring antibiotic resistance. Although several national surveillance programs are in place for clinical and veterinary settings, no such schemes exist for monitoring antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. In this transnational study, we developed, validated, and tested a low-cost surveillance and easy to implement approach to evaluate antibiotic resistance in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by targeting cefotaxime-resistant (CTX-R) coliforms as indicators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPap smear is often employed as a screening test for diagnosing cervical pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions. Accurate identification of dysplastic changes amongst the cervical cells in a Pap smear image is thus essential for rapid diagnosis and prognosis. Manual pathological observations used in clinical practice require exhaustive analysis of thousands of cell nuclei in a whole slide image to visualize the dysplastic nuclear changes which make the process tedious and time-consuming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmart drugs, such as antibody-drug conjugates, for targeted therapy rely on the ability to deliver a warhead to the desired location and to achieve activation at the same site. Thus, designing a smart drug often requires proper linker chemistry for tethering the warhead with a vehicle in such a way that either allows the active drug to retain its potency while being tethered or ensures release and thus activation at the desired location. Recent years have seen much progress in the design of new linker activation strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recent research has emphasized the need for accessing information about patients to augment mental health patients' verbal reports in clinical settings. Although it has not been introduced in clinical settings, computational linguistic analysis on social media has proved it can infer mental health attributes, implying a potential use as collateral information at the point of care. To realize this potential and make social media insights actionable to clinical decision making, the gaps between computational linguistic analysis on social media and the current work practices of mental health clinicians must be bridged.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNearly all life forms require iron to survive and function. Microorganisms utilize a number of mechanisms to acquire iron including the production of siderophores, which are organic compounds that combine with ferric iron into forms that are easily absorbed by the microorganism. There has been significant experimental investigation into the role, distribution and function of siderophores in fungi but until now no predictive tools have been developed to qualify or quantify fungi-initiated siderophore-iron interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBradyarrhythmias are an important cause of mortality in heart failure and previous studies indicate a mechanistic role for electrical remodelling of the key pacemaking ion channel HCN4 in this process. Here we show that, in a mouse model of heart failure in which there is sinus bradycardia, there is upregulation of a microRNA (miR-370-3p), downregulation of the pacemaker ion channel, HCN4, and downregulation of the corresponding ionic current, I, in the sinus node. In vitro, exogenous miR-370-3p inhibits HCN4 mRNA and causes downregulation of HCN4 protein, downregulation of I, and bradycardia in the isolated sinus node.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEchis carinatus (EC) envenomation causes severe immune response by the accumulation of tissue debris in the form of DAMPs resulting in chronic inflammation and progressive tissue necrosis at the bitten site. Clearing of tissue debris is a prerequisite to enhance the healing of venom-induced necrotic wounds. Tricosanthus tricuspidata is a medicinal plant used extensively for the treatment of snake bite-induced toxicities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-esteem encompasses how individuals evaluate themselves and is an important contributor to their success. Self-esteem has been traditionally measured using survey-based methodologies. However, surveys suffer from limitations such as retrospective recall and reporting biases, leading to a need for proactive measurement approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Int AAAI Conf Weblogs Soc Media
June 2019
Understanding the effects of psychiatric medications during mental health treatment constitutes an active area of inquiry. While clinical trials help evaluate the effects of these medications, many trials suffer from a lack of generalizability to broader populations. We leverage social media data to examine psychopathological effects subject to self-reported usage of psychiatric medication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we posit that in determining the underpinnings and attributes of community resilience to disaster-shocks, an analysis of actual and potential disaster victims' emic perspectives, that is the views of cultural insiders, on recovery processes and community resilience is crucial. We argue that community resilience must be framed within a deeper understanding of the subjective views of the actors themselves, their local knowledge and culture, and the historical context of the place or social formation. In this context, the primary goal of this study was to delineate the fundamental elements of community recovery and attributes of resilience to cyclones, storm surges, and other environmental disaster-shocks in Bangladesh's coastal communities, and, recognizing that social actions are pivotal elements of community resilience, we attempt to make a novel contribution by underscoring local emic perspectives.
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