Smoking-associated interstitial lung disease: update and review.

Introduction: Smoking-associated interstitial lung disease manifests as several heterogeneous disorders involving the airways, pleura, and lung parenchyma with various radiological patterns. The clinical history, radiologic, and pathologic findings are important to distinguish these more uncommon diseases. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for diagnosis and to manage these conditions appropriately.

Non-infectious pulmonary disorders in HIV.

Since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), non-infectious pulmonary disorders have become common comorbidities in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive population. Clinicians caring for those with HIV disease should be aware of the prevalence of non-infectious pulmonary disorders. A comprehensive understanding is required to diagnosis and manage these syndromes appropriately.

Crohn's disease-associated interstitial lung disease mimicking sarcoidosis: a case report and review of the literature.

Respiratory involvement in Crohn's disease (CD) is a rare manifestation known to involve the large and small airways, lung parenchyma, and pleura. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, and diagnostic tests can mimic other pulmonary diseases, posing a diagnostic challenge and delay in treatment. We report a case of a 60-year-old female with a history of CD and psoriatic arthritis who presented with dyspnea, fever, and cough with abnormal radiological findings.