Protein kinase C-delta transactivates platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha in mechanical strain-induced collagenase 3 (matrix metalloproteinase-13) expression by osteoblast-like cells.

Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13, or collagenase 3) has been shown to degrade intact collagen and to participate in situations where rapid and effective remodeling of collagenous ECM is required. Mechanical strain induction of MMP-13 is an example of how osteoblasts respond to high mechanical forces and participate in the bone-remodeling mechanism. Using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells, we dissected the signaling molecules involved in MMP-13 induction by mechanical strain.

Vertical skeletal and facial profile changes after surgical correction of mandibular prognathism.

Background: Mandibular prognathism is often corrected by surgical orthodontics. Correction of the sagittal facial profile has received wide attention. However, vertical changes remained undefined and thus, were investigated.

Lipopolysaccharide induces VCAM-1 expression and neutrophil adhesion to human tracheal smooth muscle cells: involvement of Src/EGFR/PI3-K/Akt pathway.

In our previous study, LPS has been shown to induce vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) expression through MAPKs and NF-kappaB in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs). In addition to these pathways, the non-receptor tyrosine kinases (Src), EGF receptor (EGFR), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) have been shown to be implicated in the expression of several inflammatory target proteins. Here, we reported that LPS-induced up-regulation of VCAM-1 enhanced the adhesion of neutrophils onto HTSMC monolayer, which was inhibited by LY294002 and wortmannin.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces EGFR expression via Akt/NF-kappaB and ERK/AP-1 pathways in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to regulate expression of several genes in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and contributes to arteriosclerosis. However, the mechanisms regulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression by S1P in aortic VSMCs remain unclear. Western blotting and RT-PCR analyses showed that S1P induced EGFR mRNA and protein expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, which was attenuated by inhibitors of MEK1/2 (U0126) and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K; wortmannin), and transfection with dominant negative mutants of ERK and Akt, respectively.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate induces COX-2 expression via PI3K/Akt and p42/p44 MAPK pathways in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) has been shown to regulate smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and vascular maturation. S1P increases the expression of several proteins including COX-2 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and contributes to arteriosclerosis. However, the mechanisms regulating COX-2 expression by S1P in VSMCs remain unclear.

Intrusion of the overerupted upper left first and second molars by mini-implants with partial-fixed orthodontic appliances: a case report.

Overeruption of maxillary molar(s) because of loss of the opposing teeth creates occlusal interference and functional disturbances. To restore proper occlusion, intrusion of the overerupted molars becomes essential before reconstruction can be initiated. A plausible procedure is orthodontic intrusion, which demands calibrated anchorage support from intraoral multiunit teeth and from headgear wear.

Mechanical strain induces collagenase-3 (MMP-13) expression in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells.

Mechanical strain plays a crucial role in bone remodeling during growth and development and healing of bone besides systemic and local factors. One of the major factors involves in remodeling process is matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-13 that has been shown to degrade the native interstitial collagens in several tissues. To study how mechanical strain affects extracellular matrix degradation by MMP-13, a biaxial strain was applied to MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells plated onto a collagen-coated flexible elastic membrane.

The correlation of replicating cells and osteogenesis in the condyle during stepwise advancement.

The aim of this study was to quantify the number of replicating mesenchymal cells and to correlate it to the amount of bone formation in the condyle during stepwise advancement of the mandible. Two hundred and fifty female Spraque-Dawley rats, 35 days old, were randomly divided into 10 control groups (n = 5) and 20 experimental groups (n = 10). Fifty rats from the stepwise experimental group relieved a two-mm advancement initially and veneers were added on day 30 with another 1.

Bradykinin B2 receptor-mediated proliferation via activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells.

It has been suggested that bradykinin (BK) plays an important role in regulating neointimal formation after vascular injury. However, implication of BK in the growth of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is controversial. Therefore, we examined the mitogenic effect of BK on VSMCs associated with activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).