Perceived usefulness of digital memory book among family caregivers of persons with dementia with and without communication deficits.

The Memory Book approach to dementia care effectively fosters daily communication with individuals with dementia. With technological advancements, the traditional memory book intervention has evolved into digital forms. However, it remains unclear whether family caregivers (FCGs) perceive this transition as beneficial or not, especially when their loved ones with dementia demonstrate communicative deficits.

Analysis of emotional prosody as a tool for differential diagnosis of cognitive impairments: a pilot research.

Introduction: This pilot research was designed to investigate if prosodic features from running spontaneous speech could differentiate dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), vascular dementia (VaD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy cognition. The study included acoustic measurements of prosodic features (Study 1) and listeners' perception of emotional prosody differences (Study 2).

Methods: For Study 1, prerecorded speech samples describing the picture from 10 individuals with DAT, 5 with VaD, 9 with MCI, and 10 neurologically healthy controls (NHC) were obtained from the DementiaBank.

The Function of Body Mass Index in the Older with Osteosarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Due to the aging population worldwide, diseases that frequently attack elderly people, such as sarcopenia and osteoporosis, are major public health issues.

Methods: This study used a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the associations among body mass index (BMI), sarcopenia, and bone mineral density (BMD) in a group of adults older than 60 years. Eight studies with a total of 18,783 subjects were examined using a random effect model.

Single-Task or Dual-Task? Gait Assessment as a Potential Diagnostic Tool for Alzheimer's Dementia.

Background: A person's gait performance requires the integration of sensorimotor and cognitive systems. Therefore, a person's gait may be influenced by concurrent cognitive load such as simultaneous talking. Although it has been known that gait performance of people with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is compromised when they attempt a dual-task walking task, it is unclear if using a dual-task gait performance during an AD assessment yields higher diagnostic accuracy.

A Systematic Review of Expressive and Receptive Prosody in People With Dementia.

Purpose This review was designed to provide a systematic overview of prosody in people with a primary diagnosis of dementia (PwD) and evaluate the potential use of prosodic features for diagnosis of dementia. Method A systematic search of five databases was conducted using Medical Subject Headings and keywords. Studies included in the review were evaluated for their methodological quality using the modified Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.

The association between the metabolic syndrome and iron status in pre- and postmenopausal women: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2012.

We aim to determine the association between Fe status and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) during menopause. Records of 1069 premenopausal and 703 postmenopausal Korean women were retrieved from the database of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V 2012) and analysed. The association between the MetS and Fe status was performed using multivariable-adjusted analyses, subsequently develop a prediction model for the MetS by margin effects.

Attitudes toward people with dementia among communication science and disorders students.

The purpose of this study was to: 1) explore attitudes among Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) students toward people with dementia, 2) investigate factors that might be associated with the expressed attitudes, and 3) suggest a means for promoting positive attitudes among CSD students. 94 CSD students completed a three-section online survey via Qualtrics. First, participants provided demographic information in three categories: person, courses, and experiences.

Does vitamin D affect sarcopenia with insulin resistance in aging?

There are many studies investigating nutritional factors that affect both sarcopenia and muscle formation. According to extensive research, protein has an essential role in muscle formation. More recently, vitamin D has emerged as an important factor that regulates muscle metabolism.

Effects of Soy Foods in Postmenopausal Women: A Focus on Osteosarcopenia and Obesity.

Chronic diseases in postmenopausal women are caused by rapid changes in hormones and are accompanied by rapid changes in body composition (muscle, bone, and fat). In an aging society, the health of postmenopausal women is a social issue, and people's interest in ingesting high-quality protein is increasing in order to maintain a healthy body composition. This review aims to summarize the efficacy of soy foods and their impact on body composition.

Spatial-Temporal Parameters of Gait Associated With Alzheimer Disease: A Longitudinal Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the biggest social and medical concerns in the aging world. A dual task of walking and talking is a particularly practical means to assess AD considering the cognitive and behavioral changes that characterize the disease. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of the dual task of walking and talking on people with early stage AD under differing cognitive load levels of talking.

Advantage of Dairy for Improving Aging Muscle.

The risk of sarcopenia increases with aging. Malnutrition in the elderly population is an important risk factor for sarcopenia. Calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), vitamin D and protein are key nutrients for the human body and affect muscle mass and quality.

Thermally Healable and Recyclable Graphene-Nanoplate/Epoxy Composites Via an In-Situ Diels-Alder Reaction on the Graphene-Nanoplate Surface.

In this work, thermally healable graphene-nanoplate/epoxy (GNP/EP) nanocomposites were investigated. GNPs were used as reinforcement and crosslinking platforms for the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A-based epoxy resin (DGEBA) through the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction with furfurylamine (FA). The GNPs and FA could then be used as a derivative of diene and dienophile in the DA reaction.

The Quality of a Traditional Dietary Pattern in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly South Koreans.

Background: The most beneficial dietary pattern in managing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the elderly has not been ascertained. The aim of this study is to classify dietary patterns and to examine associations between dietary pattern, MetS and body composition in elderly Koreans.

Methods: This study was conducted among Koreans 65 years or older using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2009.

Associations between Sarcopenia and Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Metabolic risk factors can impact sarcopenia, but the direct relationship of metabolic risk factors with sarcopenia has not been examined. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of metabolic risk factors on sarcopenia in older adults.

Methods: Sixteen studies were found through a search of electronic databases and were subjected to a meta-analysis to investigate the differences in metabolic risk factors between patients with sarcopenia and controls.

Thermally Self-Healing Graphene-Nanoplate/Polyurethane Nanocomposites via Diels⁻Alder Reaction through a One-Shot Process.

Thermally self-healing graphene-nanoplate/polyurethane (GNP/PU) nanocomposites were prepared via a bulk in-situ Diels⁻Alder (DA) reaction. Graphene-nanoplate (GNP) was used as a reinforcement and crosslinking platform by a DA reaction with a furfuryl-based chain extender of polyurethane (PU). Results showed that a DA reaction occurred in GNP during the PU forming cure process.

Large Improvement in the Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Nanocomposites Based on a Highly Concentrated Graphite Nanoplate/Polyol Masterbatch.

In this study, a highly concentrated graphite nanoplate (GNP)/polyol masterbatch was prepared by the exfoliation of natural graphite in an aqueous system using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and the replacement of aqueous solution with a polyol, viz. poly(tetramethylene ether glycol), and it was subsequently used to prepare polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites by simple dilution. The polyol in the masterbatch efficiently prevented the aggregation of GNPs during the preparation of PU nanocomposite.

Appropriate protein intake is one strategy in the management of metabolic syndrome in Korean elderly to mitigate changes in body composition.

Higher protein intake could reduce metabolic syndrome (MetS) by managing body composition among Korean elderly although the research is scant. Herein, we examined the hypothesis that the optimal protein intake of Korean elderly is associated with both improvements in MetS risk as well as favorable changes in body composition. The present study employs a national data source, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2009), and a total 1,567 elderly (651 men and 916 women) were included in the final data analyses.

Reduction in Prevalence of Hypertension and Blood Heavy Metals among Curry-Consumed Korean.

Curcuma longa is rich in curcumin and used to treat disease and in food as a spice, especially in curry dishes. The objective of the present study was to determine whether curry intake reduces blood levels of heavy metals and hypertension (HTN) using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 data (n = 1,350). Study subjects (n = 1,350) were divided into two groups: 1) a curry intake group (n = 603), members of which had consumed a curry dish more than once a month over the previous year, and 2) a non-curry intake group (n = 747).

Does Protein Intake Affect Metabolic Risk Factors among Older Adults in Korea?

Background: Carbohydrate intake can impact metabolic risk factors, but related research on protein intake in the elderly is rare. Our purpose was to estimate protein intake and explore how different levels of protein intake influence metabolic risk factors in Korean older adults.

Methods: Data were obtained from men aged 51-70 years (n=1,735), men aged ≥71 years (n=700), women aged 51-70 years (n=2,305), and women aged ≥71 years (n=957).

The most effective factors to offset sarcopenia and obesity in the older Korean: Physical activity, vitamin D, and protein intake.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the types and levels of physical activity in conjunction with protein intake and vitamin D on sarcopenia and obesity status in an elderly population.

Methods: Study participants (N = 4452) were ages ≥60 y and included 1929 men and 2523 women who completed a body composition analysis with a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and provided health and dietary data.

Results: Higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass/weight was observed in the non-obese group, although obese participants had greater weights.

Can nutrition label recognition or usage affect nutrition intake according to age?

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of nutrition labeling on nutritional intake according to age groups, focusing on Korean elderly.

Methods: Study participants (N = 5223) were adults at least 20 y of age and had participated in the Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey in 2012. Data for recognition/use of nutrition labels were obtained by self-report.

Impact of dining out on nutritional intake and metabolic syndrome risk factors: data from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The frequency of dining out has rapidly increased; however, the independent associations between dining out, metabolic syndrome risk factors and nutritional status have not been well characterised. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between dining out, nutritional intakes and metabolic syndrome risk factors among Korean adults, using data from the 2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Frequency of dining out was significantly associated with intake of nutrients such as energy, water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, Ca, Na, vitamin A and carotene.

Body composition changes were related to nutrient intakes in elderly men but elderly women had a higher prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in a population of Korean adults.

In this study, we examined the relationship between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and nutrition status, according to sex in Korean adults who were 60 years or older. Body composition was categorized as SO, sarcopenic nonobesity, nonsarcopenic obesity, and nonsarcopenic nonobesity. Obesity was defined by body mass index.

Dietary pattern classifications with nutrient intake and body composition changes in Korean elderly.

Background/objectives: The body composition changes in aging increased the risk of metabolic disorder. Recent dietary studies have increasingly focused on the correlations between dietary patterns and chronic diseases to overcome the limitations of traditional single-nutrient studies because nutrients in food have complex relations that interact.

Subjects/methods: This study was conducted to classify a dietary pattern among Korean elderly using cluster analysis and to explore the relationships between dietary patterns and body composition changes in Korean elderly aged 65 years or older.

The value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography for evaluating metastatic disease in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Objectives: Routine application of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for pancreatic cancer staging remains a controversial approach. The purpose of this study was to reassess the clinical impact of PET/CT for the detection of distant metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

Methods: From January 2006 to June 2009, 125 patients with histologically proven pancreatic cancer that had undergone PET/CT at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed.