Opening Direct Electrochemical Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Path by Interfacial Engineering of Cu Electrode with P-Block Elements.

The electrochemical synthesis of syngas (CO and H) has garnered considerable attention in the context of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis employing thermal catalysts. Nonetheless, the need for a novel, cost-effective technique persists. In this investigation, we introduce a direct electrochemical (dEC) approach for FT synthesis that functions under ambient conditions by utilizing a p-block element (Sn and In) overlaid Cu electrode.

New reaction path for long-chain hydrocarbons by electrochemical CO and CO reduction over Au/stainless steel.

The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis is recognized for its ability to produce long-chain hydrocarbons. In this study, we aimed to replicate F-T synthesis using electrochemical CO reduction and CO reduction reactions on a stainless steel (SS) support with a gold (Au) overlayer. Under CO-saturated conditions, the presence of Au on the SS surface led to the formation of CH and a range of hydrocarbons (CH and CH, n = 2-7), while bare SS primarily produced hydrogen.

Interface Engineered V-Zn Hybrids: Electrocatalytic and Photocatalytic CO Reductions.

V-Zn hybrids have widely been used as catalyst materials in the environment and as energy. Herein, V-Zn hybrid electrodes were prepared by the hydrothermal and sputter-deposition methods using a Zn foil support. Their electrocatalytic CO reduction (EC CO RR) performances were tested under various applied potentials, different electrolytes, and concentrations before and after thermal treatment of the demonstrated electrode.

Photoelectrochemical CO Reduction Products Over Sandwiched Hybrid GaO:ZnO/Indium/ZnO Nanorods.

Recycled valuable energy production by the electrochemical CO reduction method has explosively researched using countless amounts of developed electrocatalysts. Herein, we have developed hybrid sandwiched GaO:ZnO/indium/ZnO nanorods (GZO/In/ZnO) and tested their photoelectrocatalytic CO reduction performances. Gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy were employed to examine gas and liquid CO reduction products, respectively.

Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Properties of Cu-Loaded ZIF-67-Derivatized Bean Sprout-Like Co-TiO/Ti Nanostructures.

ZIF-derivatized catalysts have shown high potential in catalysis. Herein, bean sprout-like Co-TiO/Ti nanostructures were first synthesized by thermal treatment at 800 °C under Ar-flow conditions using sacrificial ZIF-67 templated on Ti sheets. It was observed that ZIF-67 on Ti sheets started to thermally decompose at around 350 °C and was converted to the cubic phase CoO.

Electrochemical Ce(III)/Ce(IV) Redox Behavior and Ce Oxide Nanostructure Recovery over Thio-Terpyridine-Functionalized Au/Carbon Paper Electrodes.

Understanding the electrochemical behaviors of Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ions is essential for better treatment, separation, and recycling of lanthanide (Ln) and actinide (An) elements. Herein, electrochemical redox behavior and interconversion of Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ions and their recoveries were demonstrated over newly developed thio-terpyridine-functionalized Au-modified carbon paper electrodes in acidic and neutral electrolytes. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry were performed for the electrodes with and without thio-terpyridine functionalization.

Electrochemical Recovery and Behaviors of Rare Earth (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) Ions on Ni Sheets.

The electrochemical behaviors of rare earth (RE) ions have extensively been studied because of their high potential applications to the reprocessing of used nuclear fuels and RE-containing materials. In the present study, we fully investigated the electrochemical behaviors of RE(III) (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) ions over a Ni sheet electrode in 0.1 M NaClO electrolyte solution by cyclic voltammetry between +0.

Photocatalytic CO Reduction and Electrocatalytic H Evolution over Pt(0,II,IV)-Loaded Oxidized Ti Sheets.

Energy recycling and production using abundant atmospheric CO and HO have increasingly attracted attention for solving energy and environmental problems. Herein, Pt-loaded Ti sheets were prepared by sputter-deposition and Pt-reduction methods, and their catalytic activities on both photocatalytic CO reduction and electrochemical hydrogen evolution were fully demonstrated. The surface chemical states were completely examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after CO reduction.

Pt Deposits on Bi/Pt NP Catalyst for Formic Acid Oxidation: Catalytic Enhancement and Longer Lifetime.

This work presents an improvement in the activity and catalytic lifetime of Pt deposits on Bi-modified Pt nanoparticles (Bi/Pt NP) toward formic acid oxidation (FAO). Using an irreversible adsorption method, Bi was deposited on Pt NP to form Bi/Pt NP and sequentially Pt was deposited on Bi/Pt NP to form Pt/Bi/Pt NP. Voltammetric studies of Pt NP, Bi/Pt NP, and Pt/Bi/Pt NPs supported that Pt deposits of Pt/Bi/Pt NPs provided quite a unique behavior: simultaneous surface oxidation of deposited Pt and Bi and significant resistance to the oxidative removal of Bi.

Photoluminescence imaging of europium (III)-doped γ-Al O nanofiber structures.

Aluminium oxide (Al O ) has widely been used for catalysts, insulators, and composite materials for diverse applications. Herein, we demonstrated if γ-Al O was useful as a luminescence support material for europium (Eu) (III) activator ion. The hydrothermal method and post-thermal treatment at 800°C were employed to synthesize Eu(III)-doped γ-Al O nanofibre structures.

A highly sensitive quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor based on magnetic bead-supported bienzymes catalyzed mass enhancement strategy.

A highly sensitive quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor based on magnetic bead-supported bienzyme catalyzed mass enhanced strategy was developed for the detection of human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) protein. The high sensitive detection was achieved by increasing the deposited mass on the QCM crystal through the enhanced precipitation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol (CN) using higher amounts of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and glucose oxidase (GOx) bienzymes attached on the magnetic beads (MB). The protein A (PA) and capture antibody (monoclonal anti-human IgG antibody produced in mouse, Ab1)-based QCM probe and the detection antibody (anti-human IgG antibody produced in goat, Ab2)-based MB/HRP/GOx bienzymatic bioconjugates were characterized using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques.

Solution phase post-modification of a trimesic acid network on Au(111) with Zn(2+) ions.

Solution phase post-modification of a trimesic acid (TMA) network on Au(111) with Zn(2+) ions was found to induce transformation of a bar-featured scanning tunneling microscopy image of (5√3 × 5√3) to a chevron-pair image of (10√3 × 10√3). Voltammetric determination of Zn coverage in the modified TMA network supports the fact that the chevron feature consists of three TMA molecules combined via two coordination bonds between Zn(2+) ions and carboxylates of TMA.

Formation of single-layered Pt islands on Au(111) using irreversible adsorption of Pt and selective adsorption of CO to Pt.

This communication compares two different multiple deposition routes of Pt on Au(111), using irreversible adsorption of Pt precursor ions and selective adsorption of CO. A scanning tunneling microscopy study revealed that the conventional route, not utilizing CO, produced multiple-layered Pt cluster islands, while the CO route, employing CO, formed single-layered Pt islands exclusively. The role of CO selectively adsorbed on pre-existing Pt islands was to prevent additional irreversible adsorption of Pt precursor ions onto Pt islands.

Increased electrocatalyzed performance through dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotube-assisted multiple bienzymatic labels: highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for protein detection.

A highly sensitive electrochemical carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) immunosensor was fabricated by covalently immobilizing a monoclonal CEA antibody (anti-CEA, Ab(1)) and a mediator (thionine, Th) on a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-encapsulated dendrimer (Den/AuNP). Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-supported secondary antibody (Ab(2))-conjugated multiple bienzymes, glucose oxidase (GOx), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (Ab(2)/MWCNT/GOx/HRP) were used as electrochemical labels. The highly sensitive detection was achieved by the increased HRP-electrocatalyzed reduction of hydrogen peroxide, which was locally generated by the enzyme GOx.

Structure and electrochemical applications of boron-doped graphitized carbon nanofibers.

Boron-doped graphitized carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared by optimizing CNFs preparation, surface treatment, graphitization and boron-added graphitization. The interlayer spacing (d₀₀₂) of the boron-doped graphitized CNFs reached 3.356 Å, similar to that of single-crystal graphite.

Amplified electrochemical detection of a cancer biomarker by enhanced precipitation using horseradish peroxidase attached on carbon nanotubes.

An electrochemical nanoimmunosensor based on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was developed for the amplified detection of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The amplified detection was achieved by the enhanced precipitation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol (CN) using a higher number of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) molecules attached on MWCNTs. The PSA nanoimmunosensor was fabricated by immobilizing a monoclonal anti-PSA antibody (anti-PSA) on the AuNP-attached thiolated MWCNT on a gold electrode.

Adsorptive behavior of dimethylglyoxime on Au(111).

Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) adsorbed on Au(111) was investigated using electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). STM experiments revealed three different structures of adsorbed DMG at open circuit potential (~0.07 V versus Ag/AgCl): (2√3×2√3)R30°-α, (2√3×4√3)R30°-β, and (2√3×4√3)R30°-γ.

Preoxidation of CO on Os-modified Pt(111): a comparison with Ru-modified Pt(111).

The variation in CO adsorption structures during the preoxidation of CO on Os-modified Pt(111) (Pt(111)/Os) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy. The spontaneous deposition of Os on Pt(111) resulted in randomly scattered islands with a coverage range of 0.13-0.

Selective adsorption of dithiolate-modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes onto alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers on Au(111).

Dithiolate-modified multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) adsorb selectively on the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols on a Au surface: the long dithiolates attached to the MWCNTs anchor the massive MWCNTs onto the Au surface by replacing the shorter thiolates of SAMs.

Modification of Au nanoparticles dispersed on carbon support using spontaneous deposition of Pt toward formic acid oxidation.

This work presents formic acid oxidation on Pt deposits on Au nanoparticles dispersed on Vulcan XC-72R. The Pt deposits were produced using spontaneous deposition method contacting the Au nanoparticles with solutions containing Pt complex ions in various concentrations. The Pt deposits were characterized using CO stripping coulometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy.

Impedance analysis for hydrogen adsorption pseudocapacitance and electrochemically active surface area of Pt electrode.

Electrochemically active surface area (ECA) of a polycrystalline Pt electrode is measured from the pseudocapacitance (Cp) values that are associated with hydrogen underpotential deposition. The potential-dependent Cp values are extracted from the raw impedance data by removing the interferences coming from the double-layer charging and hydrogen evolution. Three different approaches have been made: (i) by using the proportionality between the capacitance and area of the capacitive peak on imaginary capacitance plots, (ii) by complex nonlinear least-squares (CNLS) fitting on both the imaginary and real part of complex capacitance with appropriate equivalent circuits, and (iii) by using the modified Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relation.

Size effect of Pt nanoparticle on catalytic activity in oxidation of methanol and formic acid: comparison to Pt(111), Pt(100), and polycrystalline Pt electrodes.

This work presents variation of oxidative catalytic activities of methanol and formic acid on Pt nanoparticles of various sizes and a comparison to the results observed on Pt(111), Pt(100), and polycrystalline Pt. The Pt nanoparticles dispersed on platelet carbon nanofiber are cuboctahedral particles, whose sizes span from 5.6 to 1.

Simultaneous separation of nine surfactants of various types by HPLC with evaporative light scattering detection.

A simultaneous separation of cationic, amphoteric and nonioinc nine surfactants (DMDS, DMDP, DMDM, DMDL, BZC, CDE, A/O, SUNC, IMD) has been performed by a reverse phase-HPLC method utilizing a single J'sphere ODS (250mmx4.6mm, 4mum) column and a methanol-water containing 0.2% TFA eluent system within 60min.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid and methanol on Pt deposits on Au(111).

This work presents characteristics of Pt deposits on Au(111) obtained by the use of spontaneous deposition and investigated by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM). On such prepared and STM characterized Au(111)/Pt surfaces, we studied electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid and methanol. We show that the first monatomic layer of Pt displays a (square root 3 x square root 3)R30 degrees surface structure, while the second layer is (1 x 1).

Electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopic observation of the preoxidation process of CO on Pt(111) electrode surface.

Presented are sequential images of CO on Pt(111), observed with electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy, during its electrochemical preoxidation process. In the course of the well-known phase transition from the (2 x 2)-3CO-alpha structure to the (radical 19 x radical 19)R23.4 degrees-13CO structure, various structures were observed: (2 x 2)-3CO-beta (Chem.