Mandarin version of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire: A valid instrument for assessing symptoms in Asians.

Objective: To develop and validate a Mandarin version of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (M-LDQ) in Asian patients with dyspepsia.

Methods: The M-LDQ was developed according to standardized methods. The validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and responsiveness of the instrument were evaluated in both primary and secondary care patients.