Tepotinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with high-level MET amplification detected by liquid biopsy: VISION Cohort B.

High-level MET amplification (METamp) is a primary driver in ∼1%-2% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Cohort B of the phase 2 VISION trial evaluates tepotinib, an oral MET inhibitor, in patients with advanced NSCLC with high-level METamp who were enrolled by liquid biopsy. While the study was halted before the enrollment of the planned 60 patients, the results of 24 enrolled patients are presented here.

Clinical outcomes of hyperprogression based on volumetry in non-small cell lung cancer after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.

Background: Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is a novel pattern of the treatment course after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and associated factors of HPD using a semiautomatic volume measurement.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with recurrent and/or metastatic NSCLC treated with ICIs between January 2015 and August 2019 at eight tertiary centers in Korea.

Prognostic Factors of Second-line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Advanced-stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death receptor-1 and its ligand have achieved impressive success in treating patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failed first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, knowledge on clinical biomarkers that could help select patients who will respond well to second-line ICI therapy is limited.

Patients And Methods: Medical records of patients with NSCLC treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and subsequent second-line ICI were collected from 6 medical centers between January 2018 and June 2020.

Veliparib in Combination with Carboplatin and Etoposide in Patients with Treatment-Naïve Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 2 Randomized Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of oral PARP inhibitor veliparib, plus carboplatin and etoposide in patients with treatment-naïve, extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to veliparib [240 mg twice daily (BID) for 14 days] plus chemotherapy followed by veliparib maintenance (400 mg BID; veliparib throughout), veliparib plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (veliparib combination only), or placebo plus chemotherapy followed by placebo (control). Patients received 4-6 cycles of combination therapy, then maintenance until unacceptable toxicity/progression.

rhEGF Treatment Improves EGFR Inhibitor-Induced Skin Barrier and Immune Defects.

The mechanisms of epidermal growth factor (EGF) affecting EGF receptor inhibitor (EGFRI)-related skin toxicities are as yet unknown. We investigated which mechanisms are involved in EGF's positive effects. Two types of EGFRIs, cetuximab and gefitinib, were used to treat the cells or 3d-cultured human skin tissue with recombinant human EGF (rhEGF).

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Epidermal Growth Factor Ointment for Treating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor-Induced Skin Toxicities.

Background: The efficacy of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer (PC), or colorectal cancer (CRC) has been demonstrated. However, dermatological reactions to these inhibitors can cause significant physical and psychosocial discomfort. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of EGF ointment for EGFR inhibitor-related skin adverse events (ERSEs).

Loss of Med1/TRAP220 promotes the invasion and metastasis of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells by modulating the expression of metastasis-related genes.

Med1/TRAP220 is an essential component of the TRAP/Mediator complex. In this study, we present a novel function of Med1 in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression. We found that the loss of Med1 expression was strongly associated with increased rates of invasion and metastasis in NSCLC patients.

Liver cirrhosis as a delayed complication of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

A 26-year-old woman was referred to our department due to fever and skin rash after having taken medication for a common cold. Physical examination revealed erythematous skin changes on her body associated with mucosal involvement in her eyes and oral cavity. Peripheral blood examination revealed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Absence of hyper-responsiveness to methacholine after specific bronchial provocation tests in a worker with hydroxyapatite-induced occupational asthma.

Hydroxyapatite is commonly used as a filler to replace amputated bone or as a coating to promote bone ingrowth into prosthetic implants. Many modern implants, such as hip replacements and dental implants, are coated with hydroxyapatite. We report a patient with occupational asthma due to hydroxyapatite, proven by a specific inhalation challenge, who experienced an early asthmatic reaction after exposure to hydroxyapatite, without increased airway responsiveness to methacholine despite an increased eosinophil count in the peripheral blood.

A different TRAP220 expression in distinct histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma and the prognostic significance.

Adenocarcinomas are a very heterogeneous subgroup of lung cancers, in which oncogenesis is linked to different molecular events. Recent evidence suggests that the hormonal status may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. TRAP220 is the main subunit of the TRAP/Mediator complex and it binds to nuclear hormone receptors in the presence of their cognate ligand, as a cofactor of the transcription machinery.

Catamenial hemoptysis: a nationwide analysis in Korea.

Background: Hemoptysis is a potentially serious clinical problem. However, there is no consensus on the clinical characteristics, treatment and patient outcome of catamenial hemoptysis.

Objective: Clinical characteristics, treatments and outcome in patients of catamenial hemoptysis were evaluated.

Forkhead box M1 expression in pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma: correlation with clinicopathologic features and its prognostic significance.

Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) transcription factor has been shown to play important roles in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation by promoting both G(1)/S and G(2)/M transition. Although it has been reported that the FoxM1 signaling network is frequently deregulated with an up-regulated FoxM1 expression in human malignancies, the role of FoxM1 in lung cancer remains to be determined. We performed immunohistochemical detection of FoxM1 protein in 69 tissue samples from patients with primary pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma using a tissue microarray, and Western blotting was done to confirm the immunohistochemical observations.

Epigenetic silencing of human T (brachyury homologue) gene in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Early detection of lung cancer is challenging due to a lack of adequate biomarkers. To discover novel tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) silenced by aberrant promoter methylation, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines using pharmacologic-unmasking and subsequent microarray-analysis. Among 617 genes upregulated, we selected 30 genes and investigated the methylation status of their promoters by bisulfite sequencing analysis.

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody levels in a pregnant woman taking propylthiouracil.

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is known to be a potential cause of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positive small vessel vasculitis, resulting in glomerulonephritis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Herein, we describe a 25-year-old pregnant woman who developed a perinulcear ANCA (p-ANCA) and myeloperoxidase ANCA (MPO-ANCA) positive DAH during PTU therapy. The patient improved after corticosteroid therapy and discontinuation of the PTU.

Fascin immunoreactivity for preoperatively predicting lymph node metastases in peripheral adenocarcinoma of the lung 3 cm or less in diameter.

Objective: Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that induces cell membrane protrusions and increases the motility of normal and transformed epithelial cells. We evaluated the expression of fascin by performing immunohistochemistry to determine its role in the progression of small-size peripheral lung adenocarcinomas and to elucidate its utility as a preoperative novel therapeutic option.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry for fascin was performed in 49 peripheral adenocarcinomas of View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Gene Expression Profiling of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: cDNA microarray provided a powerful alternative, with an unprecedented view scope, in monitoring gene expression levels, and led to the discovery of regulatory pathways involved in complicated biological processes. This study was performed to gain better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: Using a cDNA microarray, representing 4, 600 cDNA clusters, we studied the expression profiles in 10 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples and the adjacent noncancerous lung tissues form the same patients.