Tislelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin as the more effective chemoimmunotherapy strategy in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective, two-cohort, phase 2 trial.

This prospective, two-cohort phase 2 trial with random allocation was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant tislelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel/paclitaxel and cisplatin (TP) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the nab-paclitaxel or paclitaxel cohorts at a 1:1 ratio, and received intravenous tislelizumab (200 mg, day 1) combined with cisplatin (25 mg/m, days 1-3) and either nab-paclitaxel (125 mg/m, days 1 and 8) or paclitaxel (150 mg/m, day 1) in a 21-day cycle for two cycles before surgery. The primary endpoint was the major pathological response (MPR) rate.

Genomic alterations dissection revealed mutation as a potential driver in lung adenocarcinoma local recurrence.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type of lung cancer, of which genomic alterations play a major role in tumorigenesis. The prognosis of LUAD has been improved these years but nearly half of the patients still develop recurrence even after radical resection. The underlying mechanism driving LUAD recurrence especially genomic alterations is complicated and worth exploring.

Identified optimal candidates for pulmonary resection in octogenarians with non-small cell lung cancer: a web-based predictive model.

Background: A survival benefit from pulmonary resection was observed in octogenarians with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Meanwhile, the identification of patients who can indeed benefit can be difficult. Therefore, we aimed to establish a web-based predictive model to identify optimal candidates for pulmonary resection.

HyperChIP: identification of hypervariable signals across ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq samples.

Identifying genomic regions with hypervariable ChIP-seq or ATAC-seq signals across given samples is essential for large-scale epigenetic studies. In particular, the hypervariable regions across tumors from different patients indicate their heterogeneity and can contribute to revealing potential cancer subtypes and the associated epigenetic markers. We present HyperChIP as the first complete statistical tool for the task.

Comparison of perioperative and survival outcomes between sublobar resection and lobectomy of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection.

Background: Repeat pulmonary resection is widely accepted in clinical practice. This study aimed to compare sublobar resection (segmentectomy or wedge resection) with lobectomy in the treatment of patients who underwent a second pulmonary resection.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients who underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection for second pulmonary resection.

Is flexible bronchoscopy necessary in the preoperative workup of patients with peripheral cT1N0 subsolid lung cancer? -a prospective multi-center cohort study.

Background: Necessity of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) examination as a routine preoperative work-up for peripheral clinical T1N0 subsolid lung cancer was unknown.

Methods: This was a prospective, multi-center clinical trial (NCT03591445). Patients with peripheral GGO nodules (GGNs) who were candidates for surgical resection were enrolled.

A systematic dissection of the epigenomic heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma reveals two different subclasses with distinct prognosis and core regulatory networks.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly malignant and heterogeneous tumor that involves various oncogenic genetic alterations. Epigenetic processes play important roles in lung cancer development. However, the variation in enhancer and super-enhancer landscapes of LUAD patients remains largely unknown.

Integrated analysis of optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing reveals intratumoral genetic heterogeneity in metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity is a crucial factor to the outcome of patients and resistance to therapies, in which structural variants play an indispensable but undiscovered role.

Methods: We performed an integrated analysis of optical mapping and whole-genome sequencing on a primary tumor (PT) and matched metastases including lymph node metastasis (LNM) and tumor thrombus in the pulmonary vein (TPV). Single nucleotide variants, indels and structural variants were analyzed to reveal intratumoral genetic heterogeneity among tumor cells in different sites.

Outcomes comparison between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: A neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is a feasible second-option other than an adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT); however, no definite conclusions have been drawn about whether or not a NCT is associated with better clinical outcomes for IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: We reviewed 68 clinical IIIA NSCLC patients who received preoperative chemotherapy (NCT group), and 535 pathological IIIA NSCLC patients who received ACT after surgery (ACT group). After a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), we compared the relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates as the long-term clinical outcomes, and hospital stay, surgery duration, postoperative complications as the short-term clinical outcomes.

tRNA-based prognostic score in predicting survival outcomes of lung adenocarcinomas.

As the most abundant noncoding RNA in cells, tRNA plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. The report of tRNA on the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma is rare. It is of great clinical significance to explore the relationship between tRNA expression and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules.

Background: It is difficult to distinguish benign pulmonary nodules (PNs) from malignant PNs by conventional examination. Therefore, novel biomarkers that can identify the nature of PNs are needed. Exosomes have recently been identified as an attractive alternative approach since tumor-specific molecules can be found in exosomes isolated from biological fluids.

The lymph node status and histologic subtypes influenced the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on patients with N2 positive IIIA non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Objective: To investigate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and subgroups which derived benefit from PORT.

Methods: A total of 576 patients with pathological IIIA-N2 NSCLC, who underwent complete resection, were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM) methods were used to balance the patients' characteristics between two groups.

Frequency and clinical significance of NF1 mutation in lung adenocarcinomas from East Asian patients.

NF1 is a tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates Ras signaling. NF1 deficiency plays an important role in carcinogenesis. To investigate the frequency and clinical significance of NF1 mutation, we examined mutation status of NF1, TP53, LKB1 and RB1 in 704 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas from East Asian patients using semiconductor-based Ion Torrent sequencing platform.

Clinical Significance of Complex Glandular Patterns in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic and Molecular Study in a Large Series of Cases.

Objectives: To explore whether complex glandular patterns (CGPs) have a potential role in the clinical management of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We included 356 patients with lung adenocarcinoma with available clinicopathologic information, gene mutations, and clinical outcomes for analysis.

Results: We identified 54 (15.

In vivo CRISPR screening unveils histone demethylase UTX as an important epigenetic regulator in lung tumorigenesis.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) promotes lung cancer malignant progression. Here, we take advantage of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated somatic gene knockout in a mouse model to identify bona fide TSGs.

Super enhancer associated is a new potential biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are widely used to treat lung adenocarcinoma patients with mutations or -fusions. However, patients with wild-type genes or TKIs-resistant mutations lack effective therapeutic targets. Extensive studies reveal that super enhancer (SE), a large -regulatory element, is associated with key oncogenes in a variety of cancers.

Survival following segmentectomy or lobectomy in elderly patients with early-stage lung cancer.

Purpose: To determine the survival following segmentectomy versus lobectomy in elderly patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We identified 12324 elderly (≥ 70 years) patients with stage I ≤ 3 cm NSCLC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score methods were used to balance baseline characteristics of patients undergoing segmentectomy or lobectomy.