Metformin exerts an antitumor effect by inhibiting bladder cancer cell migration and growth, and promoting apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Background: To observe and explore the effect of metformin on the migration and proliferation of bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells in vitro.

Methods: Bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cell lines were cultured in vitro, and were divided into group A (blank control group) and group B (metformin group: 5, 10, 15, and 20 mmol/L); both groups were plated on 6-well plates at the same time. Culture in 24-well plates was used for wound healing assays and in 96-well plates for Transwell migration and invasion, and Cell Counting Kit-8 proliferation experiments.

Effectiveness of sharp recanalization of superior vena cava-right atrium junction occlusion.

Background: Conventional recanalization techniques may fail in patients with completely occluded superior vena cava (SVC).

Aim: To analyze the effectiveness and complications of sharp recanalization for completely occluded SVC.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients that underwent puncture and recanalization of the SVC between January 2016 and December 2017 at our hospital.