Perceptual Novelty Drives Early Exploration in a Bottom-Up Manner.

Children are more likely than adults to explore new options, but is this due to a top-down epistemic-uncertainty-driven process or a bottom-up novelty-driven process? Given immature cognitive control, children may choose a new option because they are more susceptible to the automatic attraction of perceptual novelty and have difficulty disengaging from it. This hypothesis is difficult to test because perceptual novelty is intertwined with epistemic uncertainty. To address this problem, we designed a new n-armed bandit task to fully decouple novelty and epistemic uncertainty.

[Clinical study on the effectiveness of bone acupuncture for alleviating pain and improving function in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis].

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of bone acupuncture in improving pain and function in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) and compare it with acupuncture.

Methods: From January to December 2023, 80 DLSS patients were treated with acupuncture and divided into bone acupuncture and acupuncture groups. Among them, 40 patients in the bone acupuncture group included 15 males and 25 females, with a mean age of (60.

[Clinical efficacy analysis of PACS preoperative planning in percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of personalized puncture planning before surgery using Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly.

Methods: A total of 69 elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty from January 2020 20 to December 2021 with more than 1 year of follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-four patients were individualized for preoperative planning with PACS software (observation group), including 8 males and 26 females, with a mean age of (73.

Unexpected Extrarenal Uptake of 99mTc-DTPA in Renal Scintigraphy: Insights From Two Cases of Adrenal Tumors.

Renal dynamic scintigraphy is a crucial diagnostic tool for assessing renal function, yet unexpected findings can provide additional insights into extrarenal conditions. We report 2 rare cases of extrarenal 99mTc-DTPA uptake associated with adrenal tumors: one adrenal cortical carcinoma and one pheochromocytoma. In both cases, significant tracer accumulation in the adrenal region was observed, highlighting an uncommon but noteworthy diagnostic consideration.

Revealing the Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Tang in Ameliorating Autoimmune Thyroiditis via the Toll-like Receptor Pathway.

Objective: Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases and often causes hypothyroidism in patients. As a traditional formulation in my country, Buzhong Yiqi decoction (BZYQD) has significant effects in improving clinical symptoms of AIT and reducing autoantibody titers, but its specific mechanism of action needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the effective targets and related mechanisms of Buzhong Yiqi decoction in AIT mice based on transcriptome sequencing technology.

DNA methylation dynamics in male germline development in Brassica Rapa.

Dynamic DNA methylation represses transposable elements (TEs) and regulates gene activity, playing a pivotal role in plant development. Although substantial progress has been made in understanding DNA methylation reprogramming during germline development in Arabidopsis thaliana, whether similar mechanisms exist in other dicot plants remains unclear. Here, we analyzed DNA methylation levels in meiocytes, microspores, and pollens of Brassica Rapa using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS).

Prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with knee osteoarthritis awaiting total knee arthroplasty is similar to that in the general population.

Background: Osteoporosis is common in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) awaiting total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and varies in different regional and ethnic. However, it is unclear whether the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in these patients is different from that in the general population. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in both populations to help exploring the relationship between the osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and to explore whether knee function and radiological assessments of KOA are associated with osteoporosis.

Exploring the link between M1 macrophages and EMT of amniotic epithelial cells: implications for premature rupture of membranes.

Background: Despite increasing evidence supporting the role of an amniotic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the premature rupture of membranes (PROMs), it remains unclear if extracellular vesicle (EV) derived from M1 macrophages play a critical role in triggering the EMT of amniotic epithelial cells (AECs).

Results: This study revealed that under inflammatory conditions, EV-miR-146a/155 from M1 macrophages could trigger EMTs and MMP-9 transcription in AECs, elevating the risk of PROM in both mice and humans. Introduction of EV-miR-155 led to inhibition of Ehf expression and reduced E-cadherin transcription in AECs.

Quantitative evaluation of policy texts of hospital workplace violence prevention and control in China: based on the PMC-Index model.

Background: Workplace violence is one of the major public health problems in the world. In China, the problem of hospital workplace violence has been improved, but it remains significant. In order to prevent and punish such adverse events, China has introduced a series of policies and measures, however, there is still a lack of evaluative research on the effectiveness of these policies.

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Stress Hyperglycaemia in Patients Who Received Enteral Nutrition in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Aim And Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and identify risk factors of stress hyperglycaemia among patients who received enteral nutrition (EN) in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Background: Stress hyperglycaemia is common among ICU patients receiving EN and is related to worse outcomes. However, the factors associated with stress hyperglycaemia during EN remain unclear, especially among patients who are not diagnosed with diabetes.

YKL-40 inhibits melanoma progression and metastasis by inducing immune cell infiltration in a mouse model.

YKL-40 is a glycoprotein that has been extensively studied due to its elevated expression in numerous solid tumors, and its expression is altered in melanoma, where its levels in tumor tissues are notably lower compared with those in normal skin tissues. Patients with melanoma exhibiting high YKL-40 expression have improved survival rates, suggesting a potential tumor-suppressive function of YKL-40 in melanoma. The present investigation into the ectopic expression of YKL-40 in human (A375) and murine (B16F10) melanoma cell lines demonstrated a consequential decrease in cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Systematic mining and quantification reveal the dominant contribution of non-HLA variations to acute graft-versus-host disease.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) disparity between donors and recipients is a key determinant triggering intense alloreactivity, leading to a lethal complication, namely, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), after allogeneic transplantation. Moreover, aGVHD remains a cause of mortality after HLA-matched allogeneic transplantation. Protocols for HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (haploHCT) have been established successfully and widely applied, further highlighting the urgency of performing panoramic screening of non-HLA variations correlated with aGVHD.

KDM3A controls postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis via dual regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Hippocampal neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of mammalian hippocampus, is essential for cognitive and emotional processes. Despite advances in understanding the transcription factors and signaling pathways that regulate DG neurogenesis, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the molecular changes necessary for granule neuron generation remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the role of the H3K9 demethylase KDM3A in postnatal neurogenesis in mouse DG.

SETD1B-mediated broad H3K4me3 controls proper temporal patterns of gene expression critical for spermatid development.

Epigenetic programming governs cell fate determination during development through intricately controlling sequential gene activation and repression. Although H3K4me3 is widely recognized as a hallmark of gene activation, its role in modulating transcription output and timing within a continuously developing system remains poorly understood. In this study, we provide a detailed characterization of the epigenomic landscapes in developing male germ cells.

Research on status monitoring and positioning compensation system for digital twin of parallel robots.

Industrial parallel robots are characterized by their stable structure and grasping pick-up speed, and they are commonly used in food packaging and parts assembly industries. However, the traditional robot teaching pendants often provide monitoring data under idealized conditions. The lack of precise monitoring, combined with sensor data, frequently results in misaligned robot positioning and a reduced operational lifespan.

Genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis reveals origin and evolution of orphan genes in Theaceae.

Orphan genes play crucial roles in diverse biological processes, but the evolutionary trajectories and functional divergence remain largely unexplored. The Theaceae family, including the economically and culturally important tea plant, offers a distinctive model to examine these aspects. Here, we integrated Nanopore long-read sequencing, Illumina short-read sequencing, and Hi-C methods to decode a pseudo-chromosomal genome assembly of Stewartia sinensis, from the earliest-diverging tribe of Theaceae, spanning 2.

Prediction of open-pit mine truck travel time based on LSTM-TabTransformer.

Truck travel time prediction is the basis for real-time optimal scheduling decision of open-pit trucks. Most prediction models for open-pit truck travel time mainly rely on a single machine learning algorithm or model to optimize the hyperparameters, which is difficult to accurately capture the composite characteristics of truck travel time data, affectting the accuracy of the prediction results. This paper proposed a travel time prediction method for open-pit trucks based on LSTM-TabTransformer.

Traffic flow prediction based on improved deep extreme learning machine.

A new hybrid prediction model is proposed for short-term traffic flow, which is based on Deep Extreme Learning Machine improved by Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA-DELM). Firstly, Improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise algorithm (ICEEMDAN) is employed to improve prediction accuracy. Then multiple Intrinsic Mode Function components (IMF) can be obtained.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the short-faced mole (Scaptochirus moschatus).

The short-faced mole (Scaptochirus moschatus) belonging to the family Talpidae in the order Eulipotyphla is a good model for studying adaptive evolution of mammals because of its morphological and ecological characteristics. However, the lack of genome of short-faced mole has hindered previous studies. In this study, we assembled the genome of the short-faced mole based on Illumina, PacBio HiFi and Hi-C sequencing, and acquired the genome of the short-faced mole with the size of 2.

An enzyme/pH dual-responsive supramolecular fluorescent vesicle with tunable size fabricated by europium complex and polypseudorotaxanes.

The fluorescent vesicles based on lanthanide ions are considered as an ideal biomimetic optical nanoplatform for simulating biological processes of cell membrane. However, the accurately and controllably adjusting the size of vesicles based on lanthanides while ensuring their fluorescence performance and stability still remains a challenge. Herein, a dual-stimuli-responsive fluorescent supramolecular vesicle with tunable size has been designed based on host-guest interaction and coordinating aggregation.

Elevated basophils in peripheral blood predict lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in non-surgical patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Leukocytes are associated with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). Nonetheless, the correlation between differential leukocyte subtype counts in peripheral blood and LEDVT is poorly understood. This study explored the relationship between admission basophils in leukocytes and 14-day LEDVT in non-surgical patients with sICH.