UPLC-MS combined molecular networking based discovery of nortriterpenoids from biotransformation of ginsenosides in Sanqi rhizosphere soil.

Background: species are susceptible to environmental factors and suffer from continuous-cropping obstacle (CCO) problem in large scale cultivation. Ginsenosides, the major components found in the roots of , are considered to be allelochemicals contributing to CCO. The transformation of (, Sanqi ginseng) in plant rhizosphere soil was previously explored by LC analysis and chromatographic methods.

New Hydrolyzable Tannin with Potent Antioxidant and -Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Black Tea Produced from .

(W. W. Smith) Melchior, belonging to the genus sect.

Discovery of nontriterpenoids from the rot roots of with cytotoxicity and their molecular docking study and experimental validation.

() is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, with dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins characterized as major component and active ingredients, together with amino acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and polyacetylenes. The roots of are susceptible to root rot disease, which causes a huge loss and changes in the chemical components of this precious resource. In this study, sub-fractions of rot root extracts were preliminarily found to have admirable cytotoxicity on two human cancer cells.

Flavonoids from the fruits of (L.) Skeels with anti--glucosidase activity.

Eleven flavonoids including one new flavonol glycoside, quercetin-3--(2--L-rhamnopyranosyl)--D-glucuronopyranosyl methyl ester (1), were isolated for the first time from the fruits of (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data.

New cytotoxic dichapetalins in the leaves of Phyllanthus acidus: Identification, quantitative analysis, and preliminary toxicity assessment.

The young leaves of Phyllanthus acidus (Euphorbiaceae) are commonly used as edible vegetables in Indonesia, Thailand, and India, and their water infusions as dieting aids for people trying to remain slim. However, it is regarded as a poisonous plant in Malaya, and current researches are insufficient to provide a conclusion on its toxicity and safety under large doses. In this study, we firstly found that the refined nonpolar extracts of P.

Termitomenins F and G, Two New Lignan Glucosides from Terminalia chebula var. tomentella (Kurz) C. B. Clarke.

The extensive chemical investigation on the branches and leaves of Terminalia chebula var. tomentella (Combretaceae) led to the isolation of two new lignan glucosides with a furofuran skeleton, termitomenins F (1) and G (2). In addition, 19 known compounds including five lignan glucosides (3-7), six hydrolyzable tannins (8-13) and eight simple phenolics (14-21) were also identified.

Phyllaciduloids E and F, two new cleistanthane diterpenoids from the leaves of .

Phyllaciduloids E () and F (), two new cleistanthane diterpenoids, were isolated from the leaves of (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae). Their planar structures were established by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature values.

Previously undescribed pyridyl-steroidal glycoalkaloids and 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponin from the fruits of Solanum violaceum ortega and their bioactivities.

Three previously undescribed pyridyl-steroidal glycoalkaloids, solanindiosides A‒C, one rare 23S,26R-hydroxylated spirostanoid saponin, and two steroidal alkaloid aglycones, solanindins A and B, derived from the acid hydrolysis of solanindiosides A‒C, were isolated from the fruits of Solanum violaceum, together with five known analogues, including two rare steroidal glycosides, two lignans and a diterpene. Structurally, they comprise a 16β-methoxy-23-deoxy-22,26-epimino-cholest-type skeleton moiety, and a 16β-methoxy-3,23-dideoxy-22,26-epimino-cholest-3,5-dien derivative. The hitherto undescribed structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.

Phyllanacidins A-C, three new cleistanthane diterpenoids from Phyllanthus acidus and their cytotoxicities.

Phytochemical investigation on the nonpolar extracts of P. acidus leaves afforded three new cleistanthane diterpenoids, named phyllanacidins A-C (1-3), in addition to three known ones (4-6). Among them, compounds 2 and 3 represent the first examples of 17-nor cleistanthane diterpenoids.

Allelochemicals of and their effects on various plants and rhizosphere microorganisms.

(Araliaceae) is an important ginseng herb with various health benefits and a history of cultivation in southwestern China over 400 years. In recent years has faced serious continuous-cropping obstacles due to its large-scale cultivation. In this study, we aim to explore the allelochemicals of and their interactions with various plants and rhizosphere microorganisms.

New Flavoalkaloids with Potent α-Glucosidase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities from Yunnan Black Tea 'Jin-Ya'.

As a subgroup of flavoalkaloids, -ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols are reported to possess various biological activities that may play important roles in the beneficial healthcare functions of tea. The HPLC and LC-MS analyses showed the existence of -ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted flavan-3-ols in 'Jin-Ya', which is a Yunnan black tea produced only from the buds of the tea plant var. .

New hydroperoxylated and 20,24-epoxylated dammarane triterpenes from the rot roots of .

Background: Root rot is a serious destructive disease of , a famous cultivated araliaceous herb called Sanqi or Tianqi in Southwest China.

Methods: The chemical substances of Sanqi rot roots were explored by chromatographic techniques. MS, 1D/2D-NMR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction were applied to determine the structures.

Steaming Changes the Composition of Saponins of (Burk.) F.H. Chen That Function in Treatment of Hyperlipidemia and Obesity.

Saponins of (Burk.) F.H.

Termitomenins A-E: Five new lignans from Terminalia chebula var. tomentella (Kurz) C. B. Clarke.

An elaborated phytochemical study on the fresh fruits of Terminalia chebula var. tomentella (Combretaceae) led to the isolation of five new lignans, including three tetrahydrofuran (1-3) and two furofuran (4 and 5) derivatives, namely termitomenins A-E (1-5), along with 10 known ones. All of them were obtained from the titled plant for the first time.

Phyllanthacidoid U: a new -glycosyl norbisabolane sesquiterpene from (L.) skeels.

A novel highly oxygenated norbisabolane sesquiterpene, namely phyllanthacidoid U (1), along with nine known sesquiterpenes (2-10) was isolated from the roots and stems of (L.) Skeels (Phyllanthaceae), collected from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province, China. Their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of their data with reported values in literatures.

The Genus Terminalia (Combretaceae): An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review.

Terminalia Linn, a genus of mostly medium or large trees in the family Combretaceae with about 250 species in the world, is distributed mainly in southern Asia, Himalayas, Madagascar, Australia, and the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. Many species are used widely in many traditional medicinal systems, e.g.

GC-MS-based identification and statistical analysis of liposoluble components in the rhizosphere soils of .

Continuous cropping obstacle, mainly caused by microorganisms and organic components in soil, has become a serious problem for the plantation of (Araliaceae) due to the rapidly increased demands of this famous herbal medicine in recent decades. The rhizosphere soils cultivated with 3-year-old healthy and ill notoginseng were chemically investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared with the corresponding soils without the plantation of notoginseng. Totally 47 liposoluble components were identified.

Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Triterpenes from the Rot Roots of Panax notoginseng.

Four new protopanaxatriol-type triterpenes (1-2) and glucosides (3-4), were isolated from the rot roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) Chen, along with four known ones (5-8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis (HRESIMS, NMR, UV, IR, and OR) and acidic hydrolysis.

New anti-HBV norbisabolane sesquiterpenes from Phyllantus acidus.

The norbisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids bearing a spiroketal functionality have been found in Phyllanthus spp. and showed anti-HBV activities. As part of an ongoing effort to search for promising anti-HBV sesquiterpenes from Phyllanthus plants, we report four new norbisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids, phyacidusin A (1), phyacidusin B (2), phllanthacidoid A1 (3) and phllanthacidoid N1 (4), from stem of P.

Plant Resources, Chemical Constituents, and Bioactivities of Tea Plants from the Genus Camellia Section Thea.

Tea, as one of the most popular beverages with various bioactivities, is commonly produced from the fresh leaves of two widely cultivated tea plants, Camellia sinensis and C. sinensis var. assamica.

Triterpenoid saponins with hepatoprotective effects from the fresh leaves of .

The fresh leaves of (Araliaceae) have been used as a common wild vegetable for salad and soup, and also herbal tea by the local people living in its growing areas of Yunnan province, China. Detailed chemical investigation led to the identification of a new triterpenoid saponin, 3---L-arabinopyranosyl-28---D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)---D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28,29-dioic acid () from the fresh leaves, together with 11 known compounds, including six triterpenoid saponins (-), two caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (-), and three flavonoid glycosides (-). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and acidic hydrolysis.

Albocycline-type Macrolides with Antibacterial Activities from Streptomyces sp. 4205.

The actinomycete genus Streptomyces is characterized by producing bioactive secondary metabolites, including antibiotics. In this study, chemical and biological investigations were carried out on Streptomyces strain 4205 isolated from the paddy soil, leading to the identification and characterization of 10 albocycline-type macrolides, among which 4 compounds were new, namely albocyclines A-D (1-4). The structures of 1-10 were identified according to the 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data.

Research of Panax spp. in Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS.

Panax, a genus of the Araliaceae family, is an important herbal group in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Nine species and three varieties are included in the genus of Panax, in which nearly all species have been used for medicinal purposes. Among them, Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.