Isolation and determination of four potential antimicrobial components from extracts.

a can cause disease and also can be isolated from the skin of healthy people. Additionally, it exhibits certain antimicrobial effects against other microorganisms We collected 60 strains of and screened their antimicrobial effects against (ATCC 25923) using the filter paper-disk method, the cross-streaking method and the co-culture method and then evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the chloroform-isolated extracts against (MRSA, Gram-positive cocci), (VISA, Gram-positive cocci), (CS, Gram-positive bacilli) (AB, Gram-negative bacilli), (MC, Gram-negative diplococcus) (CA, fungi), (CT, fungi), (CG, fungi) and (CP, fungi). The PA06 and PA46 strains have strong antimicrobial effects.

Treatment with 17β-Estradiol Reduced Body Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Animal Model of Obesity.

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) play important roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Recently, these estrogen receptors were reconsidered as an important treatment target of obesity leading to CVD. In this study, 17β-estradiol (17β-E) replacement therapy applied to high-fat diet-induced obese C57B male mice and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were evaluated, and the protective effects against high-fat diet-induced obesity were assessed in C57B mouse hearts.

Environmental tobacco smoke increases autophagic effects but decreases longevity associated with Sirt-1 protein expression in young C57BL mice hearts.

Recently, a survey by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that nearly 90% of U.S. adult smokers began smoking at the age of 18.

Gating of the micturition reflex by tonic activation of bladder cold receptors in the cat.

Aims: To determine whether C afferents can modify the gating of the Adelta micturition reflex in order to identify the neuronal site of interaction of the two afferent systems.

Methods: Adult female cats, anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose, had their bladder and urethra catherized through a slit in the proximal urethra. Micturition threshold volume was assessed by cystometry and bladder efferent activity recorded simultaneously.

Comparison of lycopene and fluvastatin effects on atherosclerosis induced by a high-fat diet in rabbits.

Objective: We evaluated the antiatherogenic effect of lycopene in rabbits fed a high-fat diet.

Methods: Forty adult male rabbits were divided into five groups that were fed a standard diet, a high-fat diet, a high-fat diet plus 4 mg/kg of lycopene, a high-fat diet plus 12 mg/kg of lycopene, and a high-fat diet plus 10 mg/kg of fluvastatin, respectively. Lycopene and fluvastatin were administered intragastrically.

Inhibition of the bladder cooling reflex in the awake state: an experimental study in the cat.

Purpose: We assessed the bladder cooling reflex in the awake cat. The bladder cooling reflex is consistently observed in anesthetized adult cats but not in awake, neurologically normal humans. This discrepancy could indicate a state dependant control of the reflex or a species difference.

Cooling of the urinary bladder activates neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

Although visceral innocuous cold receptors have been documented, the central termination of their afferents is unknown. We used menthol solution (0.6 mM) to obtain selective activation of cold receptors in the urinary bladder of rats.