Myeloprotection effects of trilaciclib in Chinese patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) receiving chemotherapy-a real-world study.

Background: Trilaciclib, an intravenous short acting cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor, has been approved for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) receiving platinum/etoposide (EP) or topotecan (TPT)-based therapy in United States (US) since February 2021. Trilaciclib use received the priority review and approval in a real-world setting in China. This study thus aimed to collect real-world data and evaluate the protective effect of trilaciclib on CIM in Chinese patients with ES-SCLC.

The relationship between indoor airborne culturable bacteria with passenger flow in 132 traffic stations during 2019-2020, China.

This study aims to provide technical support for the development of a rational administration strategy for indoor environment and passenger flow of stations. The analysis was conducted monitor data of long distance bus stations and train/high speed railway stations from the National project. The monitor and surveyed data included indoor airborne culturable bacteria (IAB), passenger flow, area and height of stations.

Improving Scalability of copper recovery in saline microbial fuel cells with microtubular polypyrrole-based cathodic electrocatalysts.

Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are emerging energy-efficient systems for copper (Cu) electrowinning from waste streams by coupling it with anodic oxidation of organics in wastewater. However, there is a lack of research examining scalable electrocatalysts for Cu electrowinning at low cathodic overpotentials in highly saline catholytes often found in e-waste leachates. The challenge of developing resilient anodic biofilms that withstand the antagonistic effects of ions migrating from catholytes in saline MFC also needs to be addressed.

Causes, risks and care circumstances associated with death in older adults diagnosed with HIV in a tertiary centre in Malaysia.

Background: A substantial number of older adults succumb soon after HIV diagnosis despite ART. We explored the causes, risk factors and circumstances before death among older adults acquring HIV.

Methods: We recruited individuals newly diagnosed at our centre from 2016-2020 and analysed data of those who died.

Case report: Paralytic ileus resulted from nirmatrelvir/ritonavir-tacrolimus drug-drug interaction in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient with COVID-19.

Patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases are at a high risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and effective antiviral treatments including nirmatrelvir/ritonavir can improve their outcomes. However, there might be potential drug-drug interactions when these patients take nirmatrelvir/ritonavir together with immunosuppressants with a narrow therapeutic window, such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine. We present a case of paralytic ileus resulting from tacrolimus toxicity mediated by the use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Experimental evaluation of the impact of ventilation on cooking-generated fine particulate matter in a Chinese apartment kitchen and adjacent room.

Cooking is one of the major contributors to indoor pollution. Fine particulate matter (PM) produced during cooking commonly mix into adjacent rooms and elevates indoor PM concentrations. The risk of human exposure to cooking-generated PM is mainly related to the exposure duration and particulate matter (PM) concentration.

Clopidogrel Plus Aspirin vs Aspirin Alone in Patients With Acute Mild to Moderate Stroke: The ATAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Dual antiplatelet therapy has been demonstrated to be superior to single antiplatelet in reducing recurrent stroke among patients with transient ischemic attack or minor stroke, but robust evidence for its effect in patients with mild to moderate ischemic stroke is lacking.

Objective: To evaluate whether dual antiplatelet therapy is superior to single antiplatelet among patients with mild to moderate ischemic stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a multicenter, open-label, blinded end point, randomized clinical trial conducted at 66 hospitals in China from December 20, 2016, through August 9, 2022.

Scaling up of dual-chamber microbial electrochemical systems - An appraisal using systems design approach.

Impetus to minimise the energy and carbon footprints of evolving wastewater resource recovery facilities has promoted the development of microbial electrochemical systems (MES) as an emerging energy-neutral and sustainable platform technology. Using separators in dual-chamber MES to isolate anodic and cathodic environments creates endless opportunities for its myriad applications. Nevertheless, the high internal resistance and the complex interdependencies among various system factors have challenged its scale-up.

The workload change and depression among emergency medical staff after the open policy during COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey in Shandong, China.

Introduction: In the middle of December 2022, the Chinese government adjusted the lockdown policy on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a large number of infected patients flooded into the emergency department. The emergency medical staff encountered significant working and mental stress while fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the workload change, and the prevalence and associated factors for depression symptoms among emergency medical staff after the policy adjustment.

Biochemical trade-offs and opportunities of commercialized microalgae cultivation under increasing carbon dioxide.

Microalgae's exceptional photosynthetic prowess, CO adaptation, and high-value bioproduct accumulation make them prime candidates for microorganism-based biorefineries. However, most microalgae research emphasizes downstream processes and applications rather than fundamental biomass and biochemical balances and kinetic under the influence of greenhouse gases such as CO. Therefore, three distinctly different microalgae species were cultivated under 0% to 20% CO treatments to examine their biochemical responses, biomass production and metabolite accumulations.

MiRNA-423 rs6505162 and miRNA-6811 rs2292879 SNP associated with lung cancer in Hainan, China.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to exert significant influence on various physiological processes and diseases, including cancers. The primary objective of this present study was to examine the impact of eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA on the susceptibility to lung cancer (LC) within the Chinese Southern population.

Methods: The genotypes of these eight polymorphisms were determined in 132 LC patients and 214 cancer-free controls.

Psychosocial risk factors and cognitive decline in people living with HIV: results from the Malaysian HIV and aging (MHIVA) study.

HIV-associated mortality has improved with the advent of antiretroviral therapy, yet neurocognitive decline persists. We assessed the association between psychosocial risk factors and cognitive function among Malaysian PLWH. Data of virally suppressed PLWH (n = 331) on stable ART, from the Malaysian HIV and Aging study was assessed.

Clinical applications of skin traction technique with adjustable tension in treatment of large area skin defects.

Objective: To explore the clinical applications of the adjustable skin traction technique in the treatment of large area skin defects.

Research Design: A prospective study.

Background: The skin is the largest organ of the human body and skin tissue exposed to external environment which makes it vulnerable to damage.

Temperature-dependent particle number emission rates and emission characteristics during heating processes of edible oils.

The goal of this research is to investigate the temperature-dependent emission rates of particle numbers and emission characteristics during oil heating. Seven regularly used edible oils were studied in a variety of tests to attain this objective. First, total particle number emission rates ranging from 10 nm to 1 μm were measured, followed by an examination within six size intervals from 0.

Broadband hyperbolic thermal metasurfaces based on the plasmonic phase-change material InSbTe.

Thermal radiation modulation facilitated by phase change materials (PCMs) needs a large thermal radiation contrast in broadband as well as in a non-volatile phase transition, which are only partially satisfied by conventional PCMs. In contrast, the emerging plasmonic PCM InSbTe (IST) that undergoes a non-volatile dielectric-to-metal phase transition during crystallization offers a fitting solution. Here, we have prepared IST-based hyperbolic thermal metasurfaces and demonstrated their capabilities to modulate thermal radiation.

Temperature-dependent particle mass emission rate during heating of edible oils and their regression models.

Particulate matter emitted by heated cooking oil is hazardous to human health. To develop effective mitigation strategies, it is critical to know the amount of the emitted particles. The purpose of this research is to estimate the temperature-dependent particle mass emission rates of edible oils and to develop models for source strength based on the multiple linear regression method.

Factors associated with reduced function and quality of life among adult people with HIV with depression and substance use in the Asia-Pacific region.

Background: Depression and substance use (SU) disorders are prevalent among people with HIV (PWH) and impact health outcomes despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). We explored quality of life, functional ability and associated factors among PWH screened positive for depression and/or SU.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited adult PWH during routine follow-up at five HIV clinical sites in the Asia-Pacific region.

Poor HIV-Related Outcomes in Older Adults Newly Diagnosed With HIV: A 4-Year Retrospective Analysis From a Single Site in Asia.

Background: In resource-limited settings, HIV-related services are often targeted to younger key populations, although increasing reports have found that adults ≥50 years now account for among the highest increase in new HIV diagnosis. We assessed the proportion of new HIV infections among older adults (≥50 years) and compared their sociodemographics, risk behaviors, and HIV-related outcomes to newly diagnosed younger adults (<50 years).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included all new HIV diagnosis from 2016 to 2019 at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia.

Effect of Remote Ischemic Conditioning vs Usual Care on Neurologic Function in Patients With Acute Moderate Ischemic Stroke: The RICAMIS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preclinical and clinical studies have suggested a neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), which involves repeated occlusion/release cycles on bilateral upper limb arteries; however, robust evidence in patients with ischemic stroke is lacking.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of RIC for acute moderate ischemic stroke.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, open-label, blinded-end point, randomized clinical trial including 1893 patients with acute moderate ischemic stroke was conducted at 55 hospitals in China from December 26, 2018, through January 19, 2021, and the date of final follow-up was April 19, 2021.

Evaluation of the Glymphatic System Using the DTI-ALPS Index in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage.

Objective: To investigate the function of the human glymphatic system (GS) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) using diffusion tensor imaging analysis along with the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).

Methods: Twenty patients with sICH and 31 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for DTI and susceptibility-weighted imaging scanning. The diffusivity along the perivascular spaces, as well as the projection fibres and association fibres, was evaluated separately.

Prevalence and Risks of Depression and Substance Use Among Adults Living with HIV in the Asia-Pacific Region.

Despite the mental health and substance use burden among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the Asia-Pacific, data on their associations with HIV clinical outcomes are limited. This cross-sectional study of PLHIV at five sites assessed depression and substance use using PHQ-9 and ASSIST. Among 864 participants, 88% were male, median age was 39 years, 97% were on ART, 67% had an HIV viral load available and < 1000 copies/mL, 19% had moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms, and 80% had ever used at least one substance.

Data-driven and validated dimensional analysis for rational scale-up of a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell system for water-energy nexus exploitation.

Mathematical modelling of microbial fuel cells (MFC) facilitates their scale-up by maintaining dimensionless parameters across reactor volumes for consistent performance. This study developed data-driven correlations to predict areal power density for a batch-fed dual-chamber MFC using hybridised first-principle mechanistic model and Buckingham's Pi theorem. The established correlations were validated using experimentally-derived data for pre-enriched electroactive biofilm from mixed cultures.

Catalysing electrowinning of copper from E-waste: A critical review.

Smart technologies and digitalisation have increased the consumption of scarce metals that threaten the sustainability of intricated industries. Additionally, the growing streams of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) are significant hazards to public health and the environment. Thus, there is an escalating need to recover metals from e-waste for sustainable management of metal resources.

Disseminated involving lung, lymph nodes and bone: a case report.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) refer to a large group of mycobacteria other than complex and . () is a slow growing species of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which can cause infection in multiple organs, including the lungs. Using the technique of next-generation sequencing (NGS), we diagnosed disseminated infection in a patient with no obvious immunodeficiency.