Factors Associated with Increased Healing Time in Complete Femoral Fractures After Long-Term Bisphosphonate Therapy.

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that affect healing time after operative treatment of complete femoral fractures associated with long-term use of bisphosphonates. In particular, we sought to determine surgically controllable factors related to fracture-healing time.

Methods: Ninety-nine consecutive patients (109 fractures) who had been surgically treated for a complete atypical femoral fracture were enrolled.

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma increased mRNA expression of growth factors in human gingival fibroblasts.

Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) on the cellular activity of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) for possible non-surgical application of it during gingival wound healing.

Materials And Methods: HGF cells were exposed with NTAPPJ for 1, 2, and 4 min and were investigated for cellular attachment, cell viability, morphology of attached cells, proliferation rate, and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of various growth factors. Also, scavengers for chemicals produced by NTAPPJ were used to identify the chemical species responsible for the effects.

Incidence and Factors Predicting Venous Thromboembolism After Surgical Treatment of Fractures Below the Hip.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a series of patients with fractures below the hip. In addition, we sought to examine the rates of VTE before and after introduction of thromboprophylaxis.

Design: Retrospective review.

Monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) from marine fishes of Tongyeong, Korea.

Monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) mostly parasitize on fins, skin and gills of fishes. In Korea, the study on monogeneans is limited, although, fishes are frequently encountered with severe infection of monogeneans. Hence, some of ranched and wild fishes were collected from Tongyeong marine living resources research and conservation center, southern part of Korea to screen and understand the infection of monogeneans.

Standard versus over-tensioning in the transfer of extensor indicis proprius to extensor pollicis longus for chronic rupture of the thumb extensor.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of the over-tensioning technique compared with those of the standard tensioning technique in the transfer of extensor indicis proprius (EIP) to extensor pollicis longus (EPL) for the chronic rupture of the thumb extensor.

Methods: Data were collected from patients who underwent tendon transfer using EIP between March 2003 and August 2011. 23 were treated with the standard tensioning technique and 25 patients (Group B) with the over-tensioning technique.

Impact of different synthetic bone fillers on healing of extraction sockets: an experimental study in dogs.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to elucidate the socket healing process and biodegradation of incorporating synthetic bone fillers followed by grafting of the fresh extraction socket.

Materials And Methods: Third premolars in four quadrants of eight beagle dogs were extracted and randomly treated with either one of hydroxyapatite (HA), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), or no graft (C). Histologic observations and histomorphometric analysis at three zones (apical, middle, and coronal) of the socket were performed.

Comparison between a β-tricalcium phosphate and an absorbable collagen sponge carrier technology for rhGDF-5-stimulated periodontal wound healing/regeneration.

Background: The objective of this study is to compare a candidate β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) carrier technology with the absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) benchmark to support recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5)-stimulated periodontal wound healing/regeneration.

Methods: Routine, bilateral, critical-size (5-mm), 1-wall, intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created in the mandibular premolar region in 10 beagle dogs. Five animals received rhGDF-5/β-TCP and five animals received rhGDF-5/ACS, with a total of 20 μg rhGDF-5 per defect.

Maturation of alveolar bone following implantation of an rhGDF-5/PLGA composite into 1-wall intra-bony defects in dogs: 24-week histometric observations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term (24 weeks) alveolar bone maturation following surgical application of recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) in an injectable poly-lactide-co-glycolide-acid (PLGA) composite carrier using an established periodontal defect model.

Methods: Routine, bilateral, 4 × 5 mm (width × depth), 1-wall, critical-size, intra-bony periodontal defects were surgically created at the 2nd and 4th mandibular premolar teeth in 10 Beagle dogs. The animals were randomized to receive (split-mouth design; defect sites in the same jaw quadrant getting the same treatment) rhGDF-5/PLGA high dose (188 μg/defect) versus sham-surgery control (5 animals), and rhGDF-5/PLGA low dose (37 μg/defect) versus carrier control (5 animals).

Maturation of periodontal tissues following implantation of rhGDF-5/β-TCP in one-wall intra-bony defects in dogs: 24-week histological observations.

Objective: Although a previous study reported that recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) coated onto a β-tricalciumphosphate (β-TCP) significantly enhanced periodontal regeneration, the long-term stability/maturation of the regenerated tissues has not been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal regeneration/maturation following application of rhGDF-5/β-TCP using an established periodontal defect model and a 24-week healing interval.

Material & Methods: Unilateral, surgically created, 4 × 4 × 5 mm (length × width × height), one-wall, critical-size, intra-bony periodontal defects at the mandibular second and fourth premolar teeth in five young adult Beagle dogs received rhGDF-5/β-TCP.

An arthroscopic pleated capsular shift for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

Purpose: This study examined the clinical results of an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift to treat severe recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion or advanced lesions who underwent an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift were included in this study. To create an arthroscopic simple pleated capsular shift, redundant capsules, including glenohumeral ligaments, were brought at least 1 cm lateral and 1 cm inferior and shifted to the prepared glenoid.

Modified cytotoxicity evaluation of elastomeric impression materials while polymerizing with reduced exposure time.

Objective: Cytotoxicity evaluation is an important step in biocompatibility assessment of dental impression materials. Previously, cytotoxicity evaluations were carried out on already set ('set') impression materials for contact time or extraction time of 24 h or longer in duration. However, clinically, dental impression materials are in contact with oral tissue while they are being set ('polymerizing'), for no longer than 10 min.

Dimensional change of the healed periosteum on surgically created defects.

Purpose: The final goal of regenerative periodontal therapy is to restore the structure and function of the periodontium destroyed or lost due to periodontitis. However, the role of periosteum in periodontal regeneration was relatively neglected while bone repair in the skeleton occurs as a result of a significant contribution from the periosteum. The aim of this study is to understand the histological characteristics of periosteum and compare the native periosteum with the repaired periosteum after elevating flap or after surgical intervention with flap elevation.

Effect of seeding using an avidin-biotin binding system on the attachment of periodontal ligament fibroblasts to nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds: three-dimensional culture.

Purpose: For periodontal tissue engineering, it is a primary requisite and a challenge to select the optimum types of cells, properties of scaffold, and growth factor combination to reconstruct a specific tissue in its natural form and with the appropriate function. Owing to fundamental disadvantages associated with using a two-dimensional substrate, several methods of seeding cells into three-dimensional scaffolds have been reported and the authors have asserted its usefulness and effectiveness. In this study, we explore the cell attachment of periodontal ligament fibroblasts on nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) scaffold using avidin biotin binding system (ABBS).

Wound healing/regeneration using recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 in an injectable poly-lactide-co-glycolide-acid composite carrier and a one-wall intra-bony defect model in dogs.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) on periodontal wound healing/regeneration using an injectable poly-lactide-co-glycolide-acid (PLGA) composite carrier and an established defect model.

Methods: Bilateral 4 × 5 mm (width × depth) one-wall, critical-size, intra-bony periodontal defects were surgically created at the second and the fourth mandibular pre-molar teeth in 15 Beagle dogs. The animals were randomized to receive (using a split-mouth design; defect sites in the same jaw quadrant getting the same treatment) rhGDF-5 high dose (188 μg/defect) versus sham-surgery control (five animals), rhGDF-5 mid dose (37 μg/defect) versus carrier control (five animals), and rhGDF-5 low dose (1.

Mechanism of alveolar bone loss in a collagen-induced arthritis model in mice.

Objective: the aim of this study was to understand the cellular/molecular mechanisms of periodontal breakdown in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in mice to enhance the understanding of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated alveolar bone loss in humans.

Materials And Methods: all analyses were performed on paired samples from CIA and control group mice. Mandibles were retrieved for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histomorphometric analysis, and isolation of alveolar bone cells (ABCs).

A simple approach to preserve keratinized mucosa around implants using a pre-fabricated implant-retained stent: a report of two cases.

Purpose: There is no consensus regarding the relationship between the width of keratinized mucosa and the health of peri-implant tissues, but clinicians prefer to provide enough keratinized mucosa around dental implants for long-term implant maintenance. An apically positioned flap during second stage implant surgery is the chosen method of widening the keratinized zone in simple procedures. However, the routine suture techniques used with this method tend to apply tension over the provisional abutments and decrease pre-existing keratinized mucosa.

Evaluating intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility in histometric measurement: one-wall intrabony periodontal defects in beagle dogs.

Purpose: Accurate and exact measurement is an important factor for generating meaningful results in any properly designed study. If all the participating examiners are able to yield similar results, it will be possible to evaluate the objective results of the study more easily and quickly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility of histometric measurements in the intrabony periodontal defect model.

Growth/differentiation factor-5 significantly enhances periodontal wound healing/regeneration compared with platelet-derived growth factor-BB in dogs.

Objective: Recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) in a particulate beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) carrier is being evaluated to support periodontal regeneration. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal wound healing/regeneration following an established clinical (benchmark) protocol including surgical implantation of rhGDF-5/beta-TCP in comparison with that following implantation of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF) combined with a particulate beta-TCP biomaterial using an established canine defect model.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral, 4 x 5 mm (width x depth), one-wall, critical-size, intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created at the mandibular second and fourth pre-molar teeth in five adult Beagle dogs.

The effects of newly formed synthetic peptide on bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects.

Purpose: Significant interest has emerged in the design of cell scaffolds that incorporate peptide sequences that correspond to known signaling domains in extracellular matrix and bone morphogenetic protein. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone regenerative effects of the synthetic peptide in a critical-size rat calvarial defect model.

Methods: Eight millimeter diameter standardized, circular, transosseus defects created on the cranium of forty rats were implanted with synthetic peptide, collagen, or both synthetic peptide and collagen.

Histological characteristics of newly formed cementum in surgically created one-wall intrabony defects in a canine model.

Purpose: Periodontal regenerative therapies for defects created by severe periodontitis are mainly focused on bone regeneration. Although cementum regeneration needs to be better understood, it is believed to play an important role in periodontal regeneration. The first step toward a full understanding of cementum regeneration is to compare repaired cementum to pristine cementum.

Periodontal wound healing/regeneration following implantation of recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 in a beta-tricalcium phosphate carrier into one-wall intrabony defects in dogs.

Objective: Recombinant human growth/differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) is being evaluated as a candidate therapy in support of periodontal regeneration. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal wound healing/regeneration following the application of rhGDF-5 on a particulate beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) carrier using an established defect model.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral 4 x 5 mm (width x depth), one-wall, critical-size, intrabony periodontal defects were surgically created at the mandibular second and fourth pre-molar teeth in 15 Beagle dogs.

Effect of conical configuration of fixture on the maintenance of marginal bone level: preliminary results at 1 year of function.

Objectives: To evaluate and to compare the effect of the conical neck design on marginal bone loss around the fixtures, when both implants were provided with micro-threads to the top of the fixture.

Materials And Methods: Two types of implant, one with a straight shape (S) and the other with a conical neck design (C) provided with a retentive element to the top of the fixture, were placed adjacent to each other in the partially edentulous areas of 12 patients. Bone loss around each implant was analyzed after 1 year of functional loading.

Serotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in patients with different ethnic backgrounds.

Background: The identification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) serotypes may add some important information to the understanding of the pathogenetic background of severe periodontal infections. This study compared serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans in two groups of periodontal patients with different ethnic backgrounds.

Comparative analysis of peri-implant marginal bone loss based on microthread location: a 1-year prospective study after loading.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the short-term effects of microthread location on peri-implant marginal bone levels.

Methods: Two types of implants, one with microthreads placed at the implant top (group A) and the other with microthreads placed 0.5 mm below the implant top (group B), were placed adjacent to each other in the partially edentulous areas of 20 patients.