What Happens After Discharge? A 2+ Year Follow-Up After Laparoscopic Subtotal Fenestrating and Reconstituting Cholecystectomy.

Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) is utilized to prevent complications in the difficult cholecystectomy. Medium-term outcomes are poorly studied for fenestrating and reconstituting operative techniques. A single-institution retrospective review was undertaken of all LSCs.

An alphacoronavirus polymerase structure reveals conserved replication factor functions.

Coronaviruses are a diverse subfamily of viruses containing pathogens of humans and animals. This subfamily of viruses replicates their RNA genomes using a core polymerase complex composed of viral non-structural proteins: nsp7, nsp8 and nsp12. Most of our understanding of coronavirus molecular biology comes from betacoronaviruses like SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, the latter of which is the causative agent of COVID-19.

Orthogonal Inverse-Electron-Demand Cycloaddition Reactions Controlled by Frontier Molecular Orbital Interactions.

Chemoselective pairs of bioorthogonal reactants enable the simultaneous labeling of several biomolecules. Here, we access orthogonal click reactions by exploiting differences in frontier molecular orbital interaction energies in transition states. We establish that five-membered cyclic dienes are inert to isonitriles but readily react with strained alkynes, while tetrazines with bulky substituents readily react with isonitriles.

Defining risk factors for mortality after emergent hiatal hernia repair in the era of minimally invasive surgery.

Background: Risk factors for mortality following emergent hiatal hernia (HH) repair in the era of minimally invasive surgery remain poorly defined.

Methods: Data was obtained from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), National Readmissions Database, and National Emergency Department Sample for patients undergoing HH repair between 2010 and 2018. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses reported with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed to identify factors associated mortality.

Haploid gynogens facilitate disomic marker development in paleotetraploid sturgeons.

Acipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefishes) are of substantial conservation concern, and development of genomic resources for these species is difficult due to past whole genome duplication. Development of disomic markers for polyploid organisms can be challenging due to difficulty in resolving alleles at a single locus from those among duplicated loci. In this study, we detail the development of disomic markers for the endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) found in North America.

Cessation of Routine Jejunostomy Tube Placement at Time of Minimally Invasive Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy and Impact on Body Mass Index.

Jejunostomy tubes are frequently placed at time of esophagectomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate cessation of routine j-tube placement on postoperative body mass index (BMI), return to the emergency room, and time until adjuvant therapy. We performed a retrospective review of an institutional database for consecutive patients undergoing minimally invasive Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy from 2014-2021 (after January 2019, routine j-tube placement was abandoned).

-Phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles-Synthesis Optimization and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic Activity.

Antifungal -phenacyl derivatives of 4,6- and 5,6-dibromobenzimidazoles are interesting substrates in the synthesis of new antimycotics. Unfortunately, their application is limited by the low synthesis yields and time-consuming separation procedure. In this paper, we present the optimization of the synthesis conditions and purification methods of -phenacyldibromobenzimidazoles.

Crisis management checklist: lessons learned from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

"Everyone has a plan until they get punched in the mouth." Never has this quote, uttered in response to a challenger's reported plan to take the title away from heavyweight champion Mike Tyson, rang truer than in the past 20 months as the global population wrestles with the fallout on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. While countless lives were disrupted both directly and indirectly during this time, members of the medical community bore the brunt of this fallout in their personal lives while being asked to perform above capacity in their professional lives simultaneously.

Synthesis of Novel Acyl Derivatives of 3-(4,5,6,7-Tetrabromo-1-benzimidazol-1-yl)propan-1-ols-Intracellular TBBi-Based CK2 Inhibitors with Proapoptotic Properties.

Protein kinase CK2 has been considered as an attractive drug target for anti-cancer therapy. The synthesis of -hydroxypropyl TBBi and 2MeTBBi derivatives as well as their respective esters was carried out by using chemoenzymatic methods. Concomitantly with kinetic studies toward recombinant CK2, the influence of the obtained compounds on the viability of two human breast carcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) was evaluated using MTT assay.

Synthesis, biological properties and structural study of new halogenated azolo[4,5-b]pyridines as inhibitors of CK2 kinase.

The new halogenated 1H-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and 1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines were synthesised as analogues of known CK2 inhibitors: 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole (TBBt) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi). Their influence on the activity of recombinant human CK2α, CK2α' and PIM1 kinases was determined. The most active inhibitors were di- and trihalogenated 1H-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines (4a, 5a and 10a) with IC values 2.

Synergistic Interactions of 5-Fluorouracil with Inhibitors of Protein Kinase CK2 Correlate with p38 MAPK Activation and FAK Inhibition in the Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Background: The combination effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with either CX-4945 or a new inhibitor of protein kinase CK2, namely 14B (4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1-(3-bromopropyl)-2-methyl-1-benzimidazole), on the viability of MCF-7 and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines was studied.

Methods: Combination index (CI) values were determined using an MTT-based assay and the Chou-Talalay model. The effect of the tested drug combinations on pro-apoptotic properties and cell cycle progression was examined using flow cytometry.

Achalasia and obesity: patient outcomes and impressions following laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication.

Purpose: The optimal management of achalasia in obese patients is unclear. For those who have undergone Heller myotomy and fundoplication, the long-term outcomes and their impressions following surgery are largely unknown.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication (LHMDF) for achalasia was performed.

Improved genetic identification of acipenseriform embryos with application to the endangered pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus.

We produced pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus embryos at five pre-hatch developmental stages and isolated and quantified genomic DNA from four of the stages using four commercial DNA isolation kits. Genomic DNA prepared using the kit that produced the largest yields and concentrations were used for microsatellite DNA analyses of 10-20 embryos at each of the five developmental stages. We attempted to genotype the hatchery-produced embryos at 19 microsatellite loci and confirmed reliable genotyping by comparing the microsatellite genotypes to those of known parents.

Perioperative Outcomes and Quality of Life after Repair of Recurrent Hiatal Hernia Are Compromised Compared with Primary Repair.

Paraesophageal hernia repair (PEHR) is burdened by high recurrence rates that frequently lead to redo PEHR. Revisional surgery, because of higher complexity, higher risk of injury, and the intrinsic risk of recurrence, has increased likelihood of higher complication rates and decreased quality of life (QOL) postoperatively. We aimed to compare perioperative outcomes and QOL after revisional and primary PEHR.

Preoperative anemia: a common finding that predicts worse outcomes in patients undergoing primary hiatal hernia repair.

Background: The increased incidence of anemia in patients with hiatal hernias (HH) and resolution of anemia after HH repair (HHR) have been clearly demonstrated. However, the implications of preoperative anemia on postoperative outcomes have not been well described. In this study, we aimed to identify the incidence of preoperative anemia in patients undergoing primary HHR at our institution and sought to determine whether preoperative anemia had an impact on postoperative outcomes.

Biological properties and structural study of new aminoalkyl derivatives of benzimidazole and benzotriazole, dual inhibitors of CK2 and PIM1 kinases.

The new aminoalkyl-substituted derivatives of known CK2 inhibitors 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole (TBBt) were synthesized, and their influence on the activity of recombinant human CK2 α, CK2 holoenzyme and PIM1 kinases was evaluated. All derivatives inhibited the activity of studied kinases and the most efficient were aminopropyl-derivatives 8b and 14b. These compounds also exerted inhibition of cancer cell lines - CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastoid leukemia), MCF-7 (human breast cancer), and PC-3 (prostate cancer) proliferation and their EC is comparable with the value for clinically studied CK2 inhibitor CX-4945.

Improved protein-crystal identification by using 2,2,2-trichloroethanol as a fluorescence enhancer.

The identification of initial lead conditions for successful protein crystallization is crucial for structural studies using X-ray crystallography. In order to reduce the number of false-negative conditions, an emerging number of fluorescence-based methods have been developed which allow more efficient identification of protein crystals and help to distinguish them from salt crystals. Detection of the native tryptophan fluorescence of protein crystals is one of the most widely used methods.

Comprehensive Multicenter Graduate Surgical Education Initiative Incorporating Entrustable Professional Activities, Continuous Quality Improvement Cycles, and a Web-Based Platform to Enhance Teaching and Learning.

Background: It is increasingly important for faculty to teach deliberately and provide timely, detailed, and formative feedback on surgical trainee performance. We initiated a multicenter study to improve resident evaluative processes and enhance teaching and learning behaviors while engaging residents in their education.

Study Design: Faculty from 7 US postgraduate training programs rated resident operative performances using the perioperative briefing, intraoperative teaching, debriefing model, and rated patient visits/academic performances using the entrustable professional activities model via a web-based platform.

Associations Between Sleep Habits and Dysglycemia in Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Objectives: To examine the independent and joint associations between sleep duration and quality with glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels and dysglycemia in non-institutionalized adults living in the United States.

Methods: Data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008) were used (N=9478; ≥20 years). Information on sleep quantity and quality were derived from the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire and used to classify sleep quality as good, fair, poor, or very poor.

Synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative activity and kinase profile of new benzimidazole and benzotriazole derivatives.

Protein kinase 2 (CK2), a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, has been established as a promising target in anticancer therapy. New derivatives of known CK2 inhibitors 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (TBBi) and 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzotriazole (TBBt) bearing azide or substituted triazole groups were synthesized. Their influence on the activity of human recombinant CK2α and cytotoxicity against normal and cancer cell lines were evaluated.

Increasing resident utilization and recognition of the critical view of safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a pilot study from an academic medical center.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a commonly performed surgical procedure; however, it is associated with an increased rate of bile duct injury (BDI) when compared to the open approach. The critical view of safety (CVS) provides a secure method of ductal identification to help avoid BDI. CVS is not universally utilized by practicing surgeons and/or taught to surgical residents.

Long-term functional outcomes of laparoscopic resection for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Introduction: Laparoscopic resection is rapidly becoming the treatment of choice for small- to medium-sized gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). While long-term oncologic data are available, quality of life outcomes are less known.

Methods: Our IRB-approved prospectively maintained database was retrospectively queried (2003-2013) for patients who underwent laparoscopic gastric GIST resection.

Minimally invasive esophagectomy provides significant survival advantage compared with open or hybrid esophagectomy for patients with cancers of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction.

Background: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is increasingly being used to treat patients with cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. We previously reported that oncologic efficacy may be improved with MIE compared with open or hybrid esophagectomy (OHE). We compared survival of patients undergoing MIE and OHE.