Laser-Induced Phase Control of Morphotropic Phase Boundary Hafnium-Zirconium Oxide.

A novel approach to delicately control the phase of a ferroelectric has been developed using a continuous-wave laser scanning annealing (CW-LSA) process. After proper process optimization, the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of 3.5 Å with a dielectric constant (κ) of 68 Å is achieved from HZO in a metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) capacitor structure.

Use of thymidine kinase 1 autoantibody, thymidine kinase antigen, extracellular protein kinase A autoantibody, and C-reactive protein for early detection of malignant tumors in dogs.

Background: Although the importance of early diagnosis of malignant tumors is a major concern, an easily accessible in-house method has not been established.

Objectives: To investigate the most optimal model by combining thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) autoantibody, extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA) autoantibody, TK1 antigen, C-reactive protein (CRP), age, breed, and sex.

Animals: Serum samples from 1702 dogs were collected from local animal hospitals and referral animal medical centers in Korea.

Risk factors and temporal associations of progression of the atopic march in children with early-onset atopic dermatitis.

Background: Risk factors and the temporal relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and atopic march remain understudied.

Objective: Determine risk factors for atopic march in early-onset AD patients and the temporality between AD and atopic march.

Methods: We used the MarketScan Research Database for our retrospective cohort analysis from 2010 to 2018, comparing infants diagnosed with AD before age 1 with controls without early-onset AD.

Understanding Metabolic Pathway Rewiring by Oncogenic Gamma Herpesvirus.

Gamma herpesviruses, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are key contributors to the development of various cancers through their ability to manipulate host cellular pathways. This review explores the intricate ways these viruses rewire host metabolic pathways to sustain viral persistence and promote tumorigenesis. We look into how EBV and KSHV induce glycolytic reprogramming, alter mitochondrial function, and remodel nucleotide and amino acid metabolism, highlighting the crucial role of lipid metabolism in these oncogenic processes.

Sec18 side-loading is essential for universal SNARE recycling across cellular contexts.

SNARE proteins drive membrane fusion as their core domains zipper into a parallel four-helix bundle. After fusion, these bundles are disassembled by the AAA+ protein Sec18/NSF and its adaptor Sec17/ α-SNAP to make them available for subsequent rounds of membrane fusion. SNARE domains are often flanked by C-terminal transmembrane or N-terminal domains.

Inhibition of IRP2-dependent reprogramming of iron metabolism suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer.

Background: Dysregulation of iron metabolism is implicated in malignant transformation, cancer progression, and therapeutic resistance. Here, we demonstrate that iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) preferentially regulates iron metabolism and promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: IRP2 knockdown and knockout cells were generated using RNA interference and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 methodologies, respectively.

Use of preoperative erythropoietin-stimulating agents is associated with decreased thrombotic adverse events compared to red blood cell transfusion in surgical patients with anaemia.

Background And Objectives: Preoperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusions increase post-operative venous thromboembolic (VTE) events. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) increase VTE risk in cancer patients; we aimed to assess ESA versus RBC-associated VTE risks in a broad population of surgical patients.

Materials And Methods: We queried TriNetX Diamond Network from 2006 to 2023, comparing patients with anaemia within 3 months preoperatively who received preoperative ESAs with or without intravenous (IV) iron to patients who received preoperative RBCs.

A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study of Intravenous Iron versus Red Cell Transfusions for Preoperative Iron-Deficiency Anemia.

Background: While preoperative anemia is associated with adverse perioperative outcomes, the benefits of treatment with iron replacement versus red blood cell (RBC) transfusion remain uncertain. We used a national database to establish trends in preoperative iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) treatment and to test the hypothesis that treatment with preoperative iron may be superior to RBC transfusion.

Methods: This study is a propensity-matched retrospective cohort analysis from 2003 to 2023 using TriNetX Research Network, which included surgical patients diagnosed with IDA within 3 months preoperatively.

Suppression of antiferromagnetic order by strain-enhanced frustration in honeycomb cobaltate.

Layered honeycomb cobaltates are predicted as promising for realizing the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, a many-body quantum entangled ground state characterized by fractional excitations. However, they exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering at low temperatures, hindering the expected quantum state. We demonstrate that controlling the trigonal distortion of CoO octahedra is crucial to suppress antiferromagnetic order through enhancing frustration in layered honeycomb cobaltates.

A practical approach for finding anti-debugging routines in the Arm-Linux using hardware tracing.

As IoT devices are being widely used, malicious code is increasingly appearing in Linux environments. Sophisticated Linux malware employs various evasive techniques to deter analysis. The embedded trace microcell (ETM) supported by modern Arm CPUs is a suitable hardware tracer for analyzing evasive malware because it is almost artifact-free and has negligible overhead.

Antibiotics for Pediatric Patients With Laryngotracheobronchitis in Korea: A Nationwide Study Based on Administrative Data.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important global public health concern in adults and children. Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) is a common acute respiratory infection (ARI) among children, most often caused by a virus, and should not be treated with antibiotics. Reducing the usage of unnecessary antibiotics in ARI using an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is an effective measure against AMR in children.

Lytic transglycosylase repertoire diversity enables intrinsic antibiotic resistance and daughter cell separation in under acidic stress.

Peptidoglycan (PG) is an important architectural element that imparts physical toughness and rigidity to the bacterial envelope. It is also a dynamic structure that undergoes continuous turnover or autolysis. possesses redundant PG degradation enzymes responsible for PG turnover; however, the advantage afforded by the existence of numerous PG degradation enzymes remains incompletely understood.

DNA mismatch and damage patterns revealed by single-molecule sequencing.

Mutations accumulate in the genome of every cell of the body throughout life, causing cancer and other diseases. Most mutations begin as nucleotide mismatches or damage in one of the two strands of the DNA before becoming double-strand mutations if unrepaired or misrepaired. However, current DNA-sequencing technologies cannot accurately resolve these initial single-strand events.

Development of examination objectives for the Korean paramedic and emergency medical technician examination: a survey study.

Purpose: The duties of paramedics and emergency medical technicians (P&EMTs) are continuously changing due to developments in medical systems. This study presents evaluation goals for P&EMTs by analyzing their work, especially the tasks that new P&EMTs (with less than 3 years’ experience) find difficult, to foster the training of P&EMTs who could adapt to emergency situations after graduation.

Methods: A questionnaire was created based on prior job analyses of P&EMTs.

Comparing risk of post infection erectile dysfunction following SARS Coronavirus 2 stratified by acute and long COVID, hospitalization status, and vasopressor administration: a U.S. large claims database analysis.

No study has yet assessed the risk of developing erectile dysfunction (ED) after a diagnosis of long COVID, defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as the persistence or presence of new symptoms at least 4 weeks after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, when compared to those diagnosed with acute COVID or cases in which more severe treatment is required. To assess these risks, we queried the TriNetX COVID-19 Research Network from December 1st 2020 through June 2023. Men aged ≥ 18 diagnosed with long COVID were compared to those diagnosed with acute COVID and analyses were performed to compare men who were/were not hospitalized within 1 month of acute COVID diagnosis and men who did/did not need vasopressors.

Centrifugal-Gravity-Enforced Deposition of MXene Electrodes for High-Performance and Ultrastable Microsupercapacitors.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides, known as MXenes, have captured much attention for their excellent electrical conductivity and electrochemical capability. However, the susceptibility of MXenes to oxidation, particularly TiCT transforming into titanium dioxide upon exposure to ambient air, hinders their utilization for extended operational life cycles. This work introduces a simple and straightforward method for producing ultrathin MXene electrode films tailored for energy storage applications, employing centrifugal-gravity force.

Personal genital satisfaction is associated with differences in perception of male and female sexual anatomy and function.

Background: Prior studies primarily of men correlated low personal genital satisfaction (PGS) with decreased sexual activity; however, the association between PGS and genital anatomy perceptions is unknown, and there is a paucity of studies examining women.

Aim: We assessed the relationship between genital satisfaction, survey respondent sexual activity, and perceptions of anatomy and function.

Methods: A 54-item REDCap survey was distributed to any-gendered volunteers ≥18 years of age through ResearchMatch from January to March 2023.

Antibiotic Use in Korean Children Diagnosed With Acute Bronchiolitis: Analysis of the National Health Insurance Reimbursement Data.

Background: Acute bronchiolitis, the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants, is mostly caused by respiratory viruses. However, antibiotics are prescribed to about 25% of children with acute bronchiolitis. This inappropriate use of antibiotics for viral infections induces antibiotic resistance.

Gintonin upregulates cytokine production and expression of NKp30, NKp44 and NKp44 related to natural killer cell activity on immunosuppressive rat.

The objective of the study is to estimate the potential of gintonin, as an immune enhancing agent through natural killer cell (NK cell) activity in cyclophosphamide (CY)-induced immunosuppressive animals. Accumulated results reveals that, gintonin attenuated CY-induced immunosuppression and it might modulate NK cell activity to boost the immunity.