A Territory-Wide Follow-Up of Primary and Secondary Extramammary Paget Disease of 2 Decades: Effects of Local Disease on Survival.

Introduction: Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is an uncommon malignant cutaneous neoplasm that are divided into primary and secondary forms. In this multicenter study, histologically proven cases of primary and secondary EMPD were reviewed for clinical outcomes with subgroup analysis for secondary EMPD.

Methodology: Cases of EMPD were identified from pathology report of the involved institutions over a period of over 2 decades.

Increased histological severity and chronicity of interface inflammation in anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis-A comparative dermatopathological analysis.

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) dermatomyositis is characterized by serological detection of anti-MDA5 antibody and rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. In this study, the largest cohort of skin biopsies to date of anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis was reviewed and compared with cases of dermatomyositis with negative serology. Findings contribute to the histological diagnosis and evaluation of the severity of cutaneous inflammation in anti-MDA5 dermatomyositis.

A rare presentation of pemphigus vegetans as an isolated vegetative lesion-Review of histopathological clues and treatment effects in multiple biopsy specimens.

Background: Pemphigus is a group of immunobullous dermatoses characterized by the presence of autoantibodies directed against adhesion molecules of keratinocytes, with pemphigus vegetans being the rarest form, accounting for 1%-2% of all cases of pemphigus. Pemphigus vegetans is characterized by verrucous vegetative lesions in addition to vesiculobullous lesions.

Methods: We report a rare case of pemphigus vegetans presenting as an isolated vegetative lesion in the groin 3 months prior to the development of blisters.

Alkyl-Terminated Gold Nanoparticles as a Self-Therapeutic Treatment for Psoriasis.

We present a self-therapeutic nanoparticle for topical delivery to epidermal keratinocytes to prevent and treat psoriasis. Devoid of known chemical or biological antipsoriatic drugs, this sub-15 nm nanoparticle contains a 3 nm gold core and a shell of 1000 Da polyethylene glycol strands modified with 30% octadecyl chains. When it is applied to imiquimod-induced psoriasis mice without an excipient, the nanoparticle can cross the stratum corneum and preferentially enter keratinocytes.

Trichoblastic Carcinosarcoma Arising From the Vagina: A Case Report With Comprehensive Immunophenotypic Analysis.

A 54-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an upper vaginal mass with no pelvic side wall involvement, nodal, or distant metastasis. Radical hysterectomy was performed.

Intrapulmonary Cellular-Level Distribution of Inhaled Nanoparticles with Defined Functional Groups and Its Correlations with Protein Corona and Inflammatory Response.

Concerns over the health risks associated with airborne exposure to ultrafine particles [PM0.1, or nanoparticles (NPs)] call for a comprehensive understanding in the interactions of inhaled NPs along their respiratory journey. We prepare a collection of polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles that bear defined functional groups commonly identified in atmospheric particulates (Au@PEG-X NPs, where X = OCH, COOH, NH, OH, or CH).

Mismatch repair deficiency is implicated in carcinoma arising from ovarian teratoma.

Malignant transformation of benign mature ovarian teratoma can result in a wide spectrum of cancer, including a variety of carcinoma, sarcoma, or melanoma. The role of mismatch repair defects in such malignant transformation is still elusive. In view of current immunotherapy, the role of mismatch repair deficiency can have significant implications on therapeutic strategy.

Neonatal epidermolysis bullosa: lessons to learn about genetic counseling.

Background: Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) is a heterogeneous group of congenital blistering diseases that usually presents in the neonatal period. EB is classified into three major categories, each with many subtypes based on the precise location at which separation or blistering occurs, namely epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB).

Methods: We describe genetics of neonatal EB in Hong Kong.

Repeating measurements by transient elastography in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with high liver stiffness.

Background And Aim: The Baveno VI Consensus recommends repeating examination in patients with high liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography to reduce false-positive diagnosis of advanced liver disease. We tested whether repeating transient elastography can increase the overall diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Ninety-seven patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease who underwent two FibroScan examinations within 6 months prior to liver biopsy were evaluated.

Application of the combined FibroMeter vibration-controlled transient elastography algorithm in Chinese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: The FibroMeter vibration-controlled transient elastography (FM VCTE) is a new formula combining the serum test FM and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by VCTE. We tested the accuracy and utility of FM VCTE for fibrosis staging in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: Two hundred fifteen NAFLD patients with LSM, FM NAFLD, FM VCTE, and other serum tests (aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis-4 index, BARD score, NAFLD fibrosis score, and aspartate aminotransferase-to-alanine aminotransferase ratio) performed 1 day before liver biopsy were evaluated.

Histological severity and clinical outcomes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in nonobese patients.

Unlabelled: Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely linked to obesity, around 10%-20% of nonobese Americans and Asians still develop NAFLD. Data on this special group are limited. We therefore studied the severity and clinical outcomes of nonobese NAFLD patients.

Controlled attenuation parameter for the diagnosis of steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aim: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) evaluated with transient elastography (FibroScan) is a recent method for non-invasive assessment of steatosis. Its usefulness in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. We prospectively investigated the performance of CAP for the diagnosis of steatosis in NAFLD, factors associated with discordances between CAP and steatosis grades, and relationships between CAP and clinical or biological parameters.

Impact of IL28B and PNPLA3 polymorphisms on treatment outcomes in patients infected with genotype 6 hepatitis C virus.

Background/aims: Interleukin-28B (IL28B) and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) gene polymorphisms are associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance and fatty liver, respectively. We aimed to test if their polymorphisms are associated with virologic responses in Chinese chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study.

Liver injury is common among chronic abusers of ketamine.

Abuse of ketamine leads to liver injury. We investigated the histopathologic and radiologic features of ketamine abusers with significant liver injury in a cross-sectional survey of 297 consecutive chronic abusers of ketamine with urinary tract dysfunction. Liver biopsy and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were performed in patients with liver injury (concentrations of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, and/or alanine aminotransferase >2-fold the upper limit of normal).

Quantitative elastography of liver fibrosis and spleen stiffness in chronic hepatitis B carriers: comparison of shear-wave elastography and transient elastography with liver biopsy correlation.

Purpose: To document utility of shear-wave (SW) elastography for assessing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and to compare its performance with that of transient elastography.

Materials And Methods: Ethics committee approved the study, and informed consent was obtained. Patients with liver biopsy correlation (n = 226) and healthy patients (n = 171) were analyzed.

Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis with transient elastography (FibroScan®): applying the cut-offs of M probe to XL probe.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY: Limited studies have aimed to define the cut-offs of XL probe (XL cut-offs) for different stages of liver fibrosis, whereas those of M probe (M cut-offs) may not be applicable to XL probe. We aimed to derive appropriate XL cut-offs in overweight patients. Patients with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by both probes were recruited.

Liver stiffness measurement using XL probe in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objectives: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography is a noninvasive test of liver fibrosis, but cannot be performed in a significant proportion of obese patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the new XL probe in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: Liver biopsy and paired LSM by both the original M probe and XL probe were performed on 193 consecutive NAFLD patients in France and Hong Kong.

Association between anthropometric parameters and measurements of liver stiffness by transient elastography.

Background & Aims: We investigated the association between anthropometric parameters and results of liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) by transient elastography in healthy subjects and patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: We analyzed anthropometric and LSM data from 658 healthy subjects (37% male; mean age, 47 ± 11 years; body mass index [BMI], 21.8 ± 3.

Micro-RNA expression in the urinary sediment of patients with chronic kidney diseases.

Background: Evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNA) play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). We explored the possibility of using urinary miRNA as non-invasive biomarkers for CKD.

Methods: We quantified miRNA expression in urinary sediment of 56 CKD patients who underwent kidney biopsy.

Diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement: comparison between M and XL probe of FibroScan®.

Background & Aims: Unreliable results of liver stiffness measurement are obtained in 16% of cases and are independently associated with body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m(2). A new FibroScan® probe (XL probe) was designed specifically for obese patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of liver stiffness measurement using M and XL probes of Fibroscan® for the diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis in a large cohort of patients.

Repeat renal biopsy in lupus nephritis: a change in histological pattern is common.

Background: The role of longitudinal change in sequential renal biopsies of lupus nephritis (LN) patient remains elusive.

Methods: Clinical and pathological documents of 156 LN patients with repeat renal biopsies (412 times) were collected from a database.

Results: The percent of transformation of the biopsy class from reference biopsies to repeat biopsies was 75%.

On-treatment monitoring of liver fibrosis with transient elastography in chronic hepatitis B patients.

Background: The performance of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) to monitor the changes in the severity of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients on antiviral treatment is uncertain.

Methods: We prospectively studied CHB patients undergoing paired liver biopsy and transient elastography before and at week 48 of antiviral treatment. Based on our previously reported LSM algorithm, advanced liver fibrosis (F3-4) could be excluded or confirmed at >90% confidence.