Publications by authors named "Cho S"

This study systematically reviews the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and remote sensing technologies to address the issue of crop water stress caused by rising global temperatures and climate change; in particular, it evaluates the effectiveness of various non-destructive remote sensing platforms (RGB, thermal imaging, and hyperspectral imaging) and AI techniques (machine learning, deep learning, ensemble methods, GAN, and XAI) in monitoring and predicting crop water stress. The analysis focuses on variability in precipitation due to climate change and explores how these technologies can be strategically combined under data-limited conditions to enhance agricultural productivity. Furthermore, this study is expected to contribute to improving sustainable agricultural practices and mitigating the negative impacts of climate change on crop yield and quality.

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Mental distress-induced imbalances in autonomic nervous system activities adversely affect the electrical stability of the cardiac system, with heart rate variability (HRV) identified as a related indicator. Traditional HRV measurements use electrocardiography (ECG), but impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar has shown potential in HRV measurement, although it is rarely applied to psychological studies. This study aimed to assess early high levels of mental distress using HRV indices obtained using radar through modified signal processing tailored to reduce phase noise and improve positional accuracy.

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The skin is an essential organ that protects the body from external aggressions; therefore, damage from various wounds can significantly impair its function, and effective methods for regenerating and restoring its barrier function are crucial. This study aimed to mass-produce wound-healing exosomes using a fragment of the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-derived peptide (FP2) to enhance cell proliferation and exosome production. Our experiments demonstrated increased cell proliferation when Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ MSCs) were coated with FP2.

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  • * Researchers investigated using virus-specific T cells (VSTs) from donors to enhance immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
  • * Findings show that these VSTs effectively target multiple viral antigens, maintaining strong cytotoxic effects against both original and variant strains, suggesting their potential for future therapies.
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Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) accompanied by asthma often show poor prognoses and require continuous management. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of eosinophil counts in nasal polyp tissue for selecting individuals who would benefit from ongoing management in CRS patients with asthma. Patients with asthma who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS with nasal polyps were included in the study.

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Background: The discovery of viruses in small mammalian populations, particularly rodents, has expanded the family Paramyxoviridae. The overlap in habitats between rodents and humans increases the risk of zoonotic events, underscoring the importance of active surveillance. Rodent species, such as Apodemus agrarius, are natural hosts for Paramyxoviridae in the Republic of Korea (ROK).

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Despite the numerous health benefits and high digestibility of hemp seed protein isolate (HPI), its low solubility at neutral pH limits its utilization in the food industry. Therefore, we subjected insoluble HPI and soluble mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) to pH co-shifting under extremely alkaline conditions to form an alloyed protein complex (A-HM). At a mass ratio of HPI:MBPI of 50:50, A-HM exhibited the highest solubility (95.

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  • The study evaluated the relationship between coronary artery calcium (CAC) measured using AI and coronary flow capacity (CFC) to determine if CAC could serve as a prognostic indicator for cardiovascular events.
  • Retrospective data from 289 patients who underwent PET scans showed significant negative correlations between AI-measured CAC and both stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) and CFC, with impaired CFC being more common in patients with higher CAC levels.
  • Despite a higher incidence of major cardiovascular events among those with elevated AI-CAC scores, the analysis indicated that impaired CFC and other factors like diabetes and smoking had a stronger independent association with patient outcomes than AI-CAC itself.
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Electronic measurements of engineered nanostructures comprised solely of DNA (DNA origami) enable new signal conditioning modalities for use in biosensing. DNA origami, designed to take on arbitrary shapes and allow programmable motion triggered by conjugated biomolecules, have sufficient mass and charge to generate a large electrochemical signal. Here, we demonstrate the ability to electrostatically control the DNA origami conformation, and thereby the resulting signal amplification, when the structure binds a nucleic acid analyte.

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  • The study investigates whether intradiscal steroid injections (ISI) cause histological degeneration in human intervertebral discs among patients with disc degeneration disease (DDD).
  • A histological analysis was performed on tissue samples from 150 patients, comparing those who received ISI before surgery with those who did not, with no significant differences found in chondrocyte proliferation or matrix changes.
  • The results suggest that age is the most critical factor influencing disc degeneration, indicating that ISI is a safe treatment option that doesn't accelerate histological damage.
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Purpose: Cancer survivors encounter significant psychological suffering and are prone to develop depressive symptoms. Work contributes to personal fulfillment and social connections, and by doing so, enhances a cancer survivor's resilience against adversities. However, maintaining employment can be challenging for some cancer survivors.

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Background: The resurgence of two bed bug species, the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758) and tropical bed bug (Cimex hemipterus Fabricius, 1803), in the same geographical regions has been frequently reported recently. Consequently, the rapid identification of these species is crucial for implementing targeted capture traps and tailored pyrethroid resistance diagnosis, due to differences in genetic and physiological traits.

Methods: To develop molecular diagnostic methods, distinct protocols were established for multiplex PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using species-specific primers based on species-specific segments of internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences.

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Introduction: Technetium thyroid uptake (TcTU) measured by single-photon emission CT/CT (SPECT/CT) is an important diagnostic tool for the differential diagnosis of Graves' disease and destructive thyroiditis. Artificial intelligence (AI) may reduce CT-induced radiation exposure by substituting the role of CT in attenuation correction (AC) and thyroid segmentation, thus realising CT-free SPECT. This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy for the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis between CT-free SPECT and SPECT/CT.

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  • Particulate matter (PM) exposure can worsen atopic dermatitis (AD), and this study investigates the role of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) in this process.
  • The research used mouse models and human skin cells to show that PM increases inflammation and skin issues associated with AD while activating PXR.
  • PXR activation helps reduce PM-related inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, suggesting that targeting PXR could be a potential treatment strategy for PM-induced AD worsening.
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  • Pork meat quality is important for more than just taste; it affects health, nutrition, economy, branding, food safety, and sustainability.
  • Various factors shape pork meat quality, including genetics, rearing systems, feed, gender, handling before slaughter, and aging processes.
  • Understanding these influences is essential for producing high-quality pork that meets consumer preferences and enhances satisfaction.
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This study was to investigate effects of different phytogenic feed additives (PFA) in grower finishing pigs with stressed by high stocking density. A total of 84 growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with initial body weight (BW) of 28.23 ± 0.

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Backgruound: We explored the utility of a small multi-gene DNA panel for assessing molecular profiles of thyroid nodules and influencing clinical decisions by comparing outcomes between tested and untested nodules.

Methods: Between April 2022 and May 2023, we prospectively performed fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with gene testing via DNA panel of 11 genes (BRAF, RAS [NRAS, HRAS, KRAS], EZH1, DICER1, EIF1AX, PTEN, TP53, PIK3CA, TERT promoter) in 278 consecutive nodules (panel group). Propensity score-matching (1:1) was performed with 475 nodules that consecutively underwent FNA without gene testing between January 2021 and December 2021 (control group).

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Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease in which keratinocytes proliferate abnormally due to excessive immune action. Psoriasis can be associated with various comorbidities and has a significant impact on health-related quality of life. Although many systemic treatments, including biologic agents, have been developed, topical treatment remains the main option for psoriasis management.

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Background And Aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) often presents as acute pancreatitis (AP). However, data on the clinical outcomes of PDAC initially presenting as AP are limited. We aimed to assess the clinical features of PDAC that manifest as AP.

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  • The study aimed to compare the outcomes of two radiation therapy doses for limited-stage gastric extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL), focusing on standard doses (30.0 Gy) versus low doses (24.0 Gy).
  • After analyzing data from 1,072 patients across 30 studies, the researchers found no significant differences in complete remission (CR) and local recurrence (LR) rates between the two doses, both showing excellent outcomes.
  • The conclusion suggests that the radiation dose for this type of lymphoma can potentially be lowered without negatively impacting treatment effectiveness.
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  • Cell-based immunotherapies show promise for cancer treatment, but there's a need for better experimental models that mimic clinical settings to study their effects.
  • This study investigates using three-dimensional (3D) scaffold-based cell cultures to support immune cell growth and continuous cancer cell monitoring, particularly focusing on A549 lung cancer cells and natural killer (NK) cells.
  • The results indicate that 3D cultures reveal greater drug resistance in solid tumor cells and increased expression of markers related to cancer progression compared to traditional 2D cultures, making 3D models a valuable tool for understanding and improving NK cell therapies.
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  • * Current methods often use boronic acid affinity combined with nanoparticles, but their effectiveness can be lacking.
  • * This study introduces a new nanocluster material for better enrichment of glycated peptides, showing improved sensitivity, selectivity, and reusability, which could advance the analysis of glycated proteins in biological samples.
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