Recombinant-Chemosynthetic Biosensors for Probing Cell Surface Signaling of Red Blood Cells and Other Cells.

The complex signaling mechanisms in red blood cells (RBCs) enable them to adapt to physiological stresses such as exposure to low O levels, metabolic demands, oxidative stress, and shear stress. Since Ca is a crucial determinant of RBC fate, various ion channels, pumps, and exchangers regulate the delicate balance of Ca influx and efflux in RBCs. Elevated intracellular Ca can activate processes such as membrane phospholipid scrambling and alter RBC deformability, which is essential for effective capillary transit.

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Self-Adjuvanting Pseudomonal Vaccine Based on Major Outer Membrane Porin OprF Epitopes Formulated with Low-Toxicity QS-21-Containing Liposomes.

(PA) is a Gram-negative pathogen that the World Health Organization has ranked as a priority 1 (critical) threat. One potential prophylactic approach to preventing or reducing the incidence of PA would be development of a long sought-after vaccine. Both antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses have been noted as playing key roles in protection against infection.