Metabolic and physiological responses to graded exercise testing in individuals with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy.

Aims: To profile acute glycaemic dynamics during graded exercise testing (GXT) and explore the influence of glycaemic indicators on the physiological responses to GXT in adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of pooled data from four clinical trials with identical GXT protocols. Data were obtained from 45 adults with type 1 diabetes using insulin pumps [(30 females); haemoglobin A1c 59.