Elevations in depression and anxiety symptoms prior to discharge from partial hospitalization.

Discharge from psychiatric treatment has been established as an emotionally intense and vulnerable time for patients; however, to date no studies have investigated symptoms directly preceding discharge and the impact on post-discharge outcomes. Our primary aim was to assess the prevalence of elevations in depression and anxiety symptoms prior to discharge from a partial hospitalization program (PHP). Our secondary aim was to assess whether these pre-discharge elevations predict post-discharge outcomes.

Perspective taking as a transdiagnostic risk factor for interpersonal dysfunction.

Objective: Numerous psychiatric populations have demonstrated reduced tendency to adopt others' perspectives relative to those without psychiatric illness; yet, the clinical implications of these deficits remain unclear. We examined whether impairments in perspective-taking are prospectively associated with symptom severity and functional outcomes in an acute psychiatric sample. We hypothesized that poorer perspective-taking would prospectively predict more severe depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and relationship problems.

How theory of mind leads to positive first impressions.

A common conjecture is that social success relies on "theory of mind"-the everyday skill of imputing mental states to others. We test the hypothesis that individuals with stronger theory of mind skills and motivation garner more positive first impressions because of how they interact with others. Participants included 334 young adults who were paired with a peer for a first-time meeting.

Intensive management from diagnosis improves HbA1c at 12 months post-diagnosis: results from a prospective cohort study in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.

Aims: To examine the impact of intensive management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) from diagnosis on HbA1c 12 months from diagnosis.

Methods: HbA1c measured 12 months after diagnosis for 70 consecutively newly diagnosed children with T1D following implementation of an intensive management protocol was compared with 70 children consecutively diagnosed immediately pre-implementation. Intensive management involved carbohydrate counting and flexible insulin dosing from first meal with subcutaneous insulin, targeted blood glucose levels from 4-8mmol/L irrespective of time of day, avoidance of twice daily insulin regimen and promotion of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

A general inductive approach to characterize transdiagnostic experiences of emptiness.

Background: Despite the pervasiveness of patient-reported emptiness and the high burden it carries, emptiness is poorly understood. In the current study, we used a general inductive approach to examine experiences with emptiness in a diagnostically diverse sample of treatment-seeking patients with severe and acute psychopathology. As a secondary aim, we also examined whether identified themes differed among patients with a primary diagnosis of borderline personality disorder or major depressive disorder.

Performance-based attentional control, but not self-reported attentional control, predicts changes in depressive symptoms in short-term psychotherapy.

Objective: Although impairments in attentional control are pervasive across psychopathology, there is substantial individual differences. In the current study, we examined whether individual differences in self-reported and performance-based measures of attentional control predict changes in depressive symptoms and well-being in a diagnostically diverse sample of patients attending a CBT-based partial hospital program.

Method: Participants were 89 patients (56.

Measuring attentional blink magnitude: Reliability and validity of a novel single-target rapid serial visual presentation task index in a psychiatric sample.

Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) tasks have been frequently used to assess attentional control in psychiatric samples; however, it is unclear whether RSVP tasks exhibits the psychometric properties necessary to assess these individual differences. In the current study, we examined the reliability and validity of single-target computerized RSVP task outcomes in a sample of 63 participants with moderate to severe psychiatric illness. At the group level, we observed the classical attentional blink phenomenon.

Treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction of a virtual partial hospital program: A mixed-method study.

Objective: Despite a proliferation of virtual partial hospital programs (PHP) during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a dearth of research on such programs. In the current study, we compared treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction between an in-person and a virtual PHP. Further, we examined patients' qualitative feedback about the virtual PHP.

Examining the relationship between shame and social anxiety disorder: A systematic review.

This paper is the first systematic review of the literature on the relationship between shame and social anxiety (SA). We reviewed a total of 60 peer-reviewed empirical articles that met criteria for inclusion. We begin by summarizing literature investigating the empirical association between shame and SA and review literature on whether this association is impacted by cultural or diagnostic differences.

Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7.

Intraindividual change over time is commonly used to estimate treatment effectiveness. However, patients may not respond similarly to a scale after treatment, rendering pre-post change an unreliable metric. The current objective was to investigate longitudinal measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 among 4,323 patients completing a partial hospital program.

The adaptation and feasibility of dialectical behaviour therapy for adults with intellectual developmental disabilities and transdiagnoses: A pilot community-based randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Preliminary evidence suggests dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) may be beneficial for persons with intellectual disabilities. This pilot randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the feasibility of adapted DBT for adults with intellectual disabilities and co-morbid psychiatric disorders in the community.

Methods: An adapted DBT programme (aDBT-ID) was delivered to adults with mild-to-moderate intellectual disability (n = 20) and their caregivers (n = 20).

Social Media and Depression Symptoms: a Meta-Analysis.

Social Networking Sites (SNS) have close to 3 billion users worldwide. Recently, however, SNS have come under media scrutiny for their potential association with depression. Two previous meta-analyses failed to find evidence for a robust concurrent association between SNS use and depression symptoms.

A case report of a male patient receiving treatment for anorexia nervosa and comorbid obsessive compulsive disorder who was later diagnosed with nontuberculosis Mycobacterium.

Cases of nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) are on the rise across North America. This is the first clinical description of a 31-year old male patient in North America with Mycobacterium kansasii who met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and who was engaged in specialized outpatient treatment of an eating disorder. The patient did not disclose at intake assessment that he was experiencing symptoms of a persistent cough, blood in his sputum, or that he was simultaneously being assessed outside of the eating disorders program for NTM until he had a positive smear for Mycobacterium kansasii in March 2017.

Valence in the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task.

The Reading the Mind in the Eyes task (RMET; Baron-Cohen, Wheelwright, Hill, Raste, & Plumb, 2001) is commonly used to assess theory of mind abilities in adults. In the task, participants pair one of four mental state descriptors with a picture of the eye region of a face. The items have varying emotional valence, and nearly 100 studies have examined whether performance on this task varies with item valence.

Immediate post-breakfast physical activity improves interstitial postprandial glycemia: a comparison of different activity-meal timings.

The optimal timing between meal ingestion and simple physical activity for improving blood glucose control is unknown. This study compared the effects of physical activity on postprandial interstitial glucose responses when the activity was conducted either immediately before, immediately after, or 30 min after breakfast. Forty-eight adults were randomized to three separate physical activity interventions: standing still (for 30 min), walking (for 30 min), and bodyweight exercises (3 sets of 10 squats, 10 push-ups, 10 lunges, 10 sit-ups).

Prevalence of substance use disorder comorbidity among individuals with eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Although prior meta-analyses have significantly enriched the available literature on the comorbidity of substance use disorders (SUD) among individuals with eating disorders (ED), there have been few, recent, comprehensive reviews, and limited meta-analyses that include a range of SUDs.

Method: In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, six electronic databases were searched, and a total of 1013 articles were identified using a combination of search terms to identify relevant prevalence studies: eating disorder, substance-related disorder, drug dependence, drug abuse, drug addiction, substance abuse, and prevalence. After two authors screened articles and extracted data independently, 43 articles met inclusion criteria.

Ready or Not: Examining Self-Reported Readiness for Behavior Change at Intake Assessment for Adults With an Eating Disorder.

We explored whether a single-item self-report measure (i.e., the Readiness Ruler) was an appropriate measure of treatment engagement in adult outpatients with eating disorders.

It's raining men: descriptive results for engaging men with eating disorders in a specialized male assessment and treatment track (MATT).

Purpose: Men with eating disorders are not well understood and there is a need for innovative methods for engaging men in specialized outpatient assessment and treatment. We examined data collected over a 4-year period to explore whether the addition of a designated track for men at a hospital-based adult eating disorders program influenced the number of referrals or treatment engagement.

Methods: During assessment and treatment as usual (ATAU; September 2013-August 2015), 283 referrals were received (275 women, 8 men), with 3 men engaging in assessment and treatment (M = 36 years, SD = 14.

Patient Experience and Satisfaction With Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Delivered in a Complimentary Open Group Format for Adults With Eating Disorders.

We examined patient experiences and satisfaction with acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) delivered in a novel weekly open-group therapy format immediately following psychiatric intake assessment into a hospital-based outpatient adult eating disorders program. Participants were 68 adults with a diagnosis of an eating disorder who reported their experiences and satisfaction with the ACT group. Participants reported that they were to with the open ACT group and that the treatment content was helpful.

Brief Report: Do You See What I See? The Perception of Bullying in Male Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Although there is evidence to suggest that adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulty interpreting complex social situations, little is known about their understanding of bullying. Given the high rates of victimization in this population, it is important to investigate how adolescents with ASD comprehend bullying. Male adolescents with ASD and IQ-matched typically-developing (TD) controls (M = 14.

Prevalence of Depressive Disorders in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Meta-Analysis.

Substantial uncertainty exists about the prevalence of depressive disorders in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This meta-analysis quantitatively summarized studies that assessed the lifetime and current prevalence of unipolar depressive disorders in children, adolescents, and adults with ASD. We also examined demographic, methodological, and study moderators.

The clinical impact and prevalence of emergency point-of-care ultrasound: A prospective multicenter study.

Objective: The main objectives of our study were to evaluate the prevalence of emergency point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use and to assess the impact of POCUS on: diagnostic, therapeutic, patient orientation and imaging practices.

Methods: This was a one-day, prospective, observational study carried out across multiple centers. Fifty emergency departments (EDs) recorded all POCUS performed over a 24h period.

Does defending come with a cost? Examining the psychosocial correlates of defending behaviour among bystanders of bullying in a Canadian sample.

Bullying is a form of interpersonal trauma that impacts all parties involved, including the youth who witness the bullying. Some bystanders choose to intervene and defend the child being bullied. Defending may be positively associated with psychosocial difficulties because youth are becoming more involved in a traumatic event, or because youth may be actively coping with the distress elicited from witnessing bullying; however, the link between defending and psychosocial difficulties has not yet been examined.