Publications by authors named "Chloe Buch"
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the effects of INV-202, a new cannabinoid type-1 receptor inverse agonist, on kidney function in a mouse model of type-1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin.
- Mice were treated with various doses of INV-202 for 28 days, showing decreased urinary urea and albumin excretion compared to untreated diabetic mice, along with improvements in the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio.
- INV-202 also reduced kidney weight and podocyte loss, restored gene expression for podocyte proteins, and decreased levels of angiotensin II, indicating potential benefits for diabetic nephropathy.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers developed JM-00266, a new cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) blocker with limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, aimed at treating metabolic disorders linked to obesity.
- Unlike its predecessor Rimonabant, JM-00266 does not affect central behaviors like food intake and anxiety, indicating it primarily acts in the periphery.
- JM-00266 enhances glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in mice and promotes fat breakdown in adipose tissue, suggesting its potential for managing obesity-related metabolic issues.
Article Synopsis
- White adipose tissue (WAT) contains an endocannabinoid system (ECS) that produces endocannabinoids like AEA and 2-AG, which are believed to regulate fat storage and tissue functions but have an unclear role in lipid mobilization.
- In experiments, increasing ECS activity in WAT led to higher levels of 2-AG, which decreased lipolysis (the breakdown of fat) in both lean and obese mice, indicating that ECS may suppress fat mobilization.
- Despite the ineffective results of acute CB1R blockade on lipolysis in obese subjects, the findings suggest that ECS activation in WAT could contribute to tissue changes that potentially lead to organ dysfunction in obesity.
Article Synopsis
- Recent studies show that LPCAT3 is crucial for maintaining the composition of fatty acids in cell membranes of the liver and intestine, aiding in processes like lipid absorption and lipoprotein secretion.
- This study investigates the role of LPCAT3 in macrophages, using a mouse model deficient in Lpcat3, revealing that reduced Lpcat3 affects the composition of fatty acids in phospholipids without impacting inflammation or stress responses.
- While Lpcat3 deficiency led to reduced cholesterol efflux in macrophages and mild liver fat accumulation on a high-fat diet, it did not significantly influence atherosclerosis development in the tested mice.*
Article Synopsis
- Researchers tested a new treatment, -MRI-1867, which inhibits both the cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mice with obesity due to diet.
- The results showed that -MRI-1867 improved liver fat buildup, reduced the secretion of harmful lipoproteins, and boosted the expression of beneficial receptors, suggesting this dual-target approach could effectively treat dyslipidemia.
Kupffer cells are the liver-resident macrophages and represent the first line of defense between the pathogens circulating from the intestines through the portal vein and systemic circulation. Recent works have highlighted the complex heterogeneity of macrophage functions and origins, thus raising awareness on the need for a better characterization of macrophage populations. The immunohistochemistry method here described, allows for a rapid distinction between Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages present on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse liver samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman rhinoviruses (HRV) are the most common cause of viral respiratory tract infections. While normally mild and self-limiting in healthy adults, HRV infections are associated with bronchiolitis in infants, pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, and exacerbations of asthma and COPD. The human cathelicidin LL-37 is a host defense peptide (HDP) with broad immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities that has direct antiviral effects against HRV.
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