Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in corneal endothelial cells limits herpes simplex virus type 1-induced acquired immune response.

Background: Corneal endothelial cells are known to be targets of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection; however, the pathogenesis of HSV infections of the endothelial cells has not been definitively determined. The purpose of this study was to examine an unrecognised strategy of corneal endothelial cells to protect themselves from HSV-1 infection.

Methods: Immortalised human corneal endothelial cells (HCEn) were infected with HSV-1.

Relationship between the number of cytomegalovirus in anterior chamber and severity of anterior segment inflammation.

Purpose: To characterize the cytomegalovirus-associated anterior segment inflammation and to determine whether the number of cytomegalovirus is significantly correlated with the disease characteristics.

Methods: Retrospective consecutive case series. Seventy-three patients with refractory anterior segment inflammation due to iridocyclitis, corneal endotheliitis and keratouveitis were studied.

Herpes simplex virus type 1-induced transcriptional networks of corneal endothelial cells indicate antigen presentation function.

Purpose: To determine the transcriptional response of cultured human corneal endothelial (HCEn) cells after herpes simplex virus type (HSV-1) infection and to characterize the primary functional elements and antiviral responses.

Methods: Immortalized HCEn cells were infected with HSV-1, and the global transcriptional profile was determined. The transcriptional networks of HCEn cells were constructed, and the inflammatory network nodes were evaluated for induction of candidate inflammatory mediators by protein array analyses.

The evolution of Epstein-Barr virus inferred from the conservation and mutation of the virus glycoprotein gp350/220 gene.

To study variations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), we analyzed the gp350/220 gene for several cell lines and Japanese wild isolates using direct sequencing. The N-terminal region was highly conserved in all EBVs except for Jijoye/P3HR-1 and a few isolates. The variation of the region coincided with EBV types A and B (also referred to as types 1 and 2) and were, respectively, designated as the types a and b.

Case of a large, movable bacterial concretion with biofilm formation on the ocular surface.

Objective: To report a case with a large movable bacterial concretion formed on the ocular surface without biomaterials.

Methods: Interventional case report. A 74-year-old woman with left eye pain and injection was referred to us.