A convolutional neural network model detecting lasting behavioral changes in mice with kanamycin-induced unilateral inner ear dysfunction.

In acute aminoglycoside ototoxicity of the unilateral inner ear, physical abnormalities, such as nystagmus and postural alteration, are relieved within a few days by neural compensation. To examine exploratory behavior over an extended period, behaviors of freely moving mice after unilateral kanamycin injection into the inner ear were recorded in a home cage environment. The tail was excluded from deep learning-mediated object detection because of its delayed movement relative to the body.

Endoscopic Powered Intracapsular Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea With High-Risk Comorbid Disease Conditions: A Case Series.

Objective: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) caused by adenoids or an enlarged palatine tonsil has a negative impact on physical and mental growth. Surgical removal of the tissue is effective but entails a life-threatening risk of postoperative bleeding, which is up to 30 times higher in chronic pediatric disease cases. However, endoscopes and resection devices provide safe, reliable surgical methods.

Performance of GPT-4V in Answering the Japanese Otolaryngology Board Certification Examination Questions: Evaluation Study.

Background: Artificial intelligence models can learn from medical literature and clinical cases and generate answers that rival human experts. However, challenges remain in the analysis of complex data containing images and diagrams.

Objective: This study aims to assess the answering capabilities and accuracy of ChatGPT-4 Vision (GPT-4V) for a set of 100 questions, including image-based questions, from the 2023 otolaryngology board certification examination.

Enhanced Cochlear Transduction by AAV9 with High-Concentration Sucrose.

The inner ear is a primary lesion in sensorineural hearing loss and has been a target in gene therapy. The efficacy of gene therapy depends on achieving sufficient levels of transduction at a safe vector dose. Vectors derived from various adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are predominantly used to deliver therapeutic genes to inner ear cells.

Efficacy of endoscopic powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: A retrospective case-control study.

Objective: Safe surgery for pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is important to decrease postoperative events and improve cost-effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to compare surgical efficacy and safety between powered intracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (PITA) and extracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for OSA in children.

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes were compared between 93 children with OSA who underwent PITA and 81 children who underwent conventional extracapsular tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy at a tertiary hospital.

A Melanocytic Lesion Extending From the Right Ear to the Nasopharynx in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.

Background: Blue nevus is a benign dermal melanocyte tumor that mainly arises from the skin. We report an extremely rare case of blue nevus in a pediatric patient with extensive progression from the middle ear and inner ear to the nasopharynx through the Eustachian tube.

Case Report: A 2-year-old girl with blue tympanum was referred to our department.

[Cartilage palisade tympanoplasty for adhesive otitis media].

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical utility of cartilage palisade tympanoplasty (CRPT) in adhesive otitis media, a condition known to recur frequently with poor success in hearing gain.

Objective: Specimens were 9 ears having adhesive otitis media and undergoing CPT in January 2006 and December 2007. Cases of pars tensa cholesteatoma were excluded.