Evaluation of biological effects of intermediate frequency magnetic field on differentiation of embryonic stem cell.

The embryotoxic effect of intermediate frequency (IF) magnetic field (MF) was evaluated using murine embryonic stem (ES) cells and fibroblast cells based on the embryonic stem cell test (EST). The cells were exposed to 21 kHz IF-MF up to magnetic flux density of 3.9 mT during the cell proliferation process (7 days) or the cell differentiation process (10 days) during which an embryonic body differentiated into myocardial cells.

No Dynamic Changes in Inflammation-related Microcirculatory Parameters in Developing Rats During Local Cortex Exposure to Microwaves.

The biological effects of exposing the developing brain to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF) are still unclear. Our experiments investigated whether three inflammation-related, microcirculatory parameters in juvenile and young adult rats were modified during local cortex exposure to RF under non-thermal conditions. The cortex tissue was locally exposed to 1457 MHz RF at an averaged specific absorption rate of 2.

No Dynamic Changes in Blood-brain Barrier Permeability Occur in Developing Rats During Local Cortex Exposure to Microwaves.

Little information is available about the effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF) on cerebral microcirculation during rat developmental stages. We investigated whether the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in juvenile and young adult rats was modified during local cortex exposure to RF under non-thermal conditions. The cortex tissue targeted was locally exposed to 1457 MHz RF at an average specific absorption rate of 2.

No changes in cerebral microcirculatory parameters in rat during local cortex exposure to microwaves.

The aim of this study was to determine whether cerebral microcirculatory parameters in rats were modified during local cortex exposure to a radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF) under non-thermal conditions. The cortex tissue targeted was locally exposed to 1439 MHz RF using a figure-8 loop antenna at an averaged specific absorption rate of 2.0 W/kg in the target area for 50 min.

Effects of 21-kHz intermediate frequency magnetic fields on blood properties and immune systems of juvenile rats.

Purpose: Due to a lack of science-based evidence, we explored the effects of exposure to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (IF-MF) on experimental animals. We assessed several immunological parameters to determine the effect of exposure of the whole body to IF-MF.

Materials And Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (4-5 weeks old) were divided into three groups: Cage-control, sham, and 3.

Effects of 915 MHz electromagnetic-field radiation in TEM cell on the blood-brain barrier and neurons in the rat brain.

The aim of this study was to determine whether albumin leakage and dark neurons were present in rat brains 14 and 50 days after a single 2-h exposure to a 915 MHz electromagnetic field, as reported by Salford et al. (Environ. Health Perspect.

Effects of short-term W-CDMA mobile phone base station exposure on women with or without mobile phone related symptoms.

To investigate possible health effects of mobile phone use, we conducted a double-blind, cross-over provocation study to confirm whether subjects with mobile phone related symptoms (MPRS) are more susceptible than control subjects to the effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from base stations. We sent questionnaires to 5,000 women and obtained 2,472 valid responses from possible candidates; from these, we recruited 11 subjects with MPRS and 43 controls. There were four EMF exposure conditions, each of which lasted 30 min: continuous, intermittent, and sham exposure with and without noise.

Effects of subchronic exposure to a 1439 MHz electromagnetic field on the microcirculatory parameters in rat brain.

Unlabelled: THE AIM of this study was to investigate whether repeated exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) of 1439 MHz affects the cerebral microcirculation, including blood-brain barrier function, in a rat brain.

Materials And Methods: The head of the rat was exposed for four weeks (60 min/day, 5 days/week) to RF-EMF at 2.4 W/kg of brain averaged specific absorption rate (BASAR).

Effects of acute exposure to a 1439 MHz electromagnetic field on the microcirculatory parameters in rat brain.

Unlabelled: THE AIM of this study was to determine the potential of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) to affect cerebral microcirculation, including blood-brain barrier function, in rat brain.

Materials And Methods: The head of the rat was exposed for 10 min to 1439 MHz RF-EMF having three intensity doses: 0.6, 2.

Long-term observation of pial microcirculatory parameters using an implanted cranial window method in the rat.

The aim of this study was to confirm whether our improved closed cranial window (CCW) method could be used for long-term microscopical observation of pial microcirculation intravitally in the rat. We investigated chronological changes in three microcirculatory parameters: permeability of blood-brain barrier, leukocyte behavior, and plasma velocities in the pial venules, immediately after implantation (control group) and at one and four weeks after implantation in different age-matched rats (implanted group). No extravasation of sodium fluorescein from pial venules was confirmed in any observation period.

Effects of 12 mT static magnetic field on sympathetic agonist-induced hypertension in Wistar rats.

We investigated the combined effects of a moderate-intensity static magnetic field (SMF) and two different sympathetic agonists, an alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine and a beta(1)-adrenoceptor agonist, dobutamine, which induced hypertension and different hemodynamics in Wistar rats. Five-week-old male rats were continuously exposed to the SMF intensity of 12 mT (B(max)) with the peak spatial gradient of 3 mT/mm for 10 weeks. A loop-shaped flexible rubber magnet was adjusted to fit snugly around the neck region of a rat (diameter-adjustable to an animal size).

Role of blood flow on RF exposure induced skin temperature elevations in rabbit ears.

In this in vivo study, we measured local temperature changes in rabbit pinnae, which were evoked by radiofrequency (RF) exposure for 20 min at localized SAR levels of 0 (sham exposure), 2.3, 10.0, and 34.

Elevated plasma nitric oxide metabolites in hypertension: synergistic vasodepressor effects of a static magnetic field and nicardipine in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The involvement of plasma nitric oxide metabolites (NO(x)) in hypertension was examined in stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats during the development of hypertension. Continuous application of a static magnetic field (SMF; a maximum magnetic flux density of 180 millitesla, a peak magnetic gradient of 133 millitesla/mm) to the left carotid sinus baroreceptors of rats was carried out for 6 weeks using a disc-shaped magnetic implant (4.4 mm in diameter, 2.

Exposure to a moderate intensity static magnetic field enhances the hypotensive effect of a calcium channel blocker in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We investigated the combined effects of a moderate intensity static magnetic field (SMF) and an L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blocker, nicardipine in stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats during the development of hypertension. Five-week-old male rats were exposed to SMF intensity up to 180 mT (B(max)) with a peak spatial gradient of 133 mT/mm for 14 weeks. Four experimental groups of 14 animals each were examined: (1) sham exposure with intraperitoneal (ip) saline injection (control); (2) SMF exposure with ip saline injection (SMF); (3) sham exposure with ip nicardipine injection (NIC); (4) SMF exposure with ip nicardipine injection (SMF + NIC).

Effects of neck exposure to 5.5 mT static magnetic field on pharmacologically modulated blood pressure in conscious rabbits.

Static magnetic fields (SMF) in the millitesla (mT) range have been reported to modulate microcirculatory hemodynamics and/or blood pressure (BP) under pharmacologically modified state in mammals. This study was designed to investigate the acute effects of local application of a SMF to neck or pelvic region under pharmacologically modulated BP; norepinephrine (NE)-induced hypertension as well as an L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel blocker, nicardipine (NIC)-induced hypotension in conscious rabbits. Magnetic flux densities were up to 5.

Decreased plasma levels of nitric oxide metabolites, angiotensin II, and aldosterone in spontaneously hypertensive rats exposed to 5 mT static magnetic field.

Previously, we found that whole body exposure to static magnetic fields (SMF) at 10 mT (B(max)) and 25 mT (B(max)) for 2-9 weeks suppressed and delayed blood pressure (BP) elevation in young, stroke resistant, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In this study, we investigated the interrelated antipressor effects of lower field strengths and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (NO(x) = NO(2)(-) + NO(3)(-)) in SHR. Seven-week-old male rats were exposed to two different ranges of SMF intensity, 0.

Effects of 25 mT static magnetic field on blood pressure in reserpine-induced hypotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats.

We investigated the interrelated antihypotensive effects of static magnetic fields (SMF) and plasma catecholamine levels in reserpine-induced hypotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Seven-week-old male rats were exposed to two different ranges of SMF intensities, 3.0-10 mT (Bmax) or 7.

Subchronic effects on leukocyte-endothelial interactions in mice by whole body exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields.

Abstract. In the present study, we measured and quantified changes in leukocyte behavior in the subcutaneous microcirculation in vivo and examined serum cytokine levels in vitro while mice were exposed to continuous 50 Hz electromagnetic fields for 17 days. Mice were exposed to 50 Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields at magnetic densities of 0.

Microcirculatory parameters measured in subcutaneous tissue of the mouse using a novel dorsal skinfold chamber.

The dorsal skinfold chamber (DSC) is a transparent devise useful for the long-term study of subcutaneous microcirculation. Commonly used chambers are made of metal, thus heavy and potentially stress including. Therefore, we developed a nonmetallic dorsal skinfold chamber and demonstrated that it performs as well as metal chambers.

Acute effects of low-frequency electromagnetic fields on leukocyte-endothelial interactions in vivo.

Background: To clarify the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on the microcirculatory system, acute effects on leukocyte-endothelium interactions resulting from ELF-EMF exposure were examined with conscious BALB/c mice by means of a dorsal skinfold chamber.

Materials And Methods: The fluorescent dye, rhodamine 6G, was injected into the caudal vein to visualize leukocytes in vivo and to analyze leukocyte-endothelium interactions. Mice were exposed in vivo to 50 Hz linear sinusoidal wave EMF at magnetic flux densities of 3, 10 or 30 mT, for 30 minutes.

Effects of static magnetic fields on plasma levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone associated with arterial blood pressure in genetically hypertensive rats.

Effects of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on development of hypertension were investigated using young male, stroke resistant, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) beginning at 7 weeks of age. SHRs were randomly assigned to two different exposure groups or an unexposed group. The SHRs in the exposure groups were constantly exposed to two different types of external SMFs of 3.

Anti-pressor effects of whole body exposure to static magnetic field on pharmacologically induced hypertension in conscious rabbits.

Acute effects of whole body exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) on pharmacologically induced hypertension in a conscious rabbit were evaluated. Hypertensive and vasoconstrictive actions were induced by norepinephrine (NE) or a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). The hemodynamics in a central artery of the ear lobe was measured continuously and analyzed by penetrating microphotoelectric plethysmography (MPPG).

Verapamil protective effect on natural and artificial magnetic field cardiovascular impact.

Previously we found an opposite effect of artificial static magnetic field (SMF) and natural geomagnetic field (GMF) on arterial baroreceptors. A 0.35 T SMF increased baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), whereas GMF disturbance decreased BRS.

Artificial static and geomagnetic field interrelated impact on cardiovascular regulation.

Spreading evidence suggests that environmental and artificial magnetic fields have a significant impact on cardiovascular system. The modulation of cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms may play a key role in observed effects. The objective was to study interrelated impacts of artificial static magnetic field (SMF) and natural geomagnetic field (GMF) on arterial baroreceptors.

Effect of 0.25 T static magnetic field on microcirculation in rabbits.

We showed previously in rabbits that 0.2 and 0.35 T static magnetic field (SMF) modulated systemic hemodynamics by arterial baroreceptors.