Adherence to Life's Essential 8 is associated with delayed white matter aging.

Importance: The American Heart Association introduced Life's Essential 8 (LE8) as a checklist of healthy lifestyle factors to help older individuals maintain and improve cardiovascular health and live longer. How LE8 can foster healthy brain aging and interact with genetic risk factors to render the aging brain less vulnerable to dementia is not well understood.

Objective: To investigate the impact of LE8 on the white matter brain aging and the moderating effects of the allele.

A Site-Wise Reliability Analysis of the ABCD Diffusion Fractional Anisotropy and Cortical Thickness: Impact of Scanner Platforms.

The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) project is the largest study of adolescent brain development. ABCD longitudinally tracks 11,868 participants aged 9-10 years from 21 sites using standardized protocols for multi-site MRI data collection and analysis. While the multi-site and multi-scanner study design enhances the robustness and generalizability of analysis results, it may also introduce nonbiological variances including scanner-related variations, subject motion, and deviations from protocols.

Gerontologic Biostatistics and Data Science: Aging Research in the Era of Big Data.

Introduced in 2010, the subdiscipline of gerontologic biostatistics was conceptualized to address the specific challenges of analyzing data from clinical research studies involving older adults. Since then, the evolving technological landscape has led to a proliferation of advancements in biostatistics and other data sciences that have significantly influenced the practice of gerontologic research, including studies beyond the clinic. Data science is the field at the intersection of statistics and computer science, and although the term "data science" was not widely used in 2010, the field has quickly made palpable effects on gerontologic research.

Comparative effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for recurrent nephrolithiasis among patients with pre-existing nephrolithiasis or gout: target trial emulation studies.

Objective: To emulate target trials comparing recurrence of nephrolithiasis among patients with pre-existing nephrolithiasis (overall and stratified by concomitant gout) initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors versus an active comparator.

Design: Target trial emulation studies.

Setting: Canadian population database, January 2014 to June 2022.

Integrating external summary information in the presence of prior probability shift: an application to assessing essential hypertension.

Recent years have witnessed a rise in the popularity of information integration without sharing of raw data. By leveraging and incorporating summary information from external sources, internal studies can achieve enhanced estimation efficiency and prediction accuracy. However, a noteworthy challenge in utilizing summary-level information is accommodating the inherent heterogeneity across diverse data sources.

Association of SNP-SNP interactions of surfactant protein genes with severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.

The severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) may be linked to host genetic susceptibility. Surfactant protein (SP) genetic variants have been associated with RSV severity, but the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interactions remains unexplored. Therefore, we used a novel statistical model to investigate the association of SNP-SNP interactions of genes with RSV severity in two- and three-interaction models.

A Tale of 2 Experiences: Navigating End-of-Life Care With a History of Incarceration.

Background: The adverse health effects of incarceration are well-documented, affecting individuals throughout their life course. However, the influence of a history of incarceration on end-of-life (EOL) experiences remains unexplored. This study aims to examine how prior incarceration affects individuals' experiences and care needs as they approach the EOL.

Association between pre-hip fracture depression and days at home after fracture and assessing sex differences.

Background: Hip fracture and depression are important public health issues among older adults, but how pre-fracture depression impacts recovery after hip fracture is unknown, especially among males who often experience greater depression severity. Days at home (DAH), or the days spent outside a hospital or healthcare facility, is a novel, patient-centered outcome that can capture meaningful aspects of fracture recovery. How pre-fracture depression impacts DAH after fracture, and related sex differences, remains unclear.

Acute Development of Traumatic Intracranial Aneurysms After Civilian Gunshot Wounds to the Head.

In previous studies, the incidence of traumatic intracranial aneurysms (TICAs) after civilian gunshot wound to the head (cGSWH) was ∼3%. Given the use of delayed vessel imaging, we hypothesize that a significant fraction of TICAs is missed on initial non-contrasted scans. This study was designed to characterize acute TICAs using admission computed tomographic angiography (aCTA) in cGSWH.

Trajectories of Recovery Following Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older Medicare Beneficiaries.

It is well-known that older adults have poorer recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI) relative to younger adults with similar injury severity. However, most older adults do recover well from TBI. Identifying those at increased risk of poor recovery could inform appropriate management pathways, facilitate discussions about palliative care or unmet needs, and permit targeted intervention to optimize quality of life or recovery.

Analyzing risk factors for post-acute recovery in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia: A new semi-parametric model for large-scale medicare claims.

Nearly 300,000 older adults experience a hip fracture every year, the majority of which occur following a fall. Unfortunately, recovery after fall-related trauma such as hip fracture is poor, where older adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) spend a particularly long time in hospitals or rehabilitation facilities during the post-operative recuperation period. Because older adults value functional recovery and spending time at home versus facilities as key outcomes after hospitalization, identifying factors that influence days spent at home after hospitalization is imperative.

The Hidden Toll of Incarceration: Exploring the Link Between Incarceration Histories and Pain Among Older Adults in the United States.

Background And Objectives: Incarceration is linked to poor health outcomes across the life course. However, little is known whether and to what extent incarceration histories shape pain in later life. This study examines the relationships between incarceration histories and pain outcomes among middle-aged and older adults in the United States.

The Neurosurgeon's Dilemma-Do Antiplatelet/Anticoagulant Medications Increase the Risk of Catheter-Associated Hemorrhage in External Ventricular Drain Placement?

Objective: External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is a common neurosurgical procedure that can be performed at bedside. A frequent complication following EVD placement is catheter-associated hemorrhage (CAH). The hemorrhage itself is rarely clinically significant but may be complicated in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet (AC/AP) medications.

Cellular-Level Visualization of Retinal Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis With Adaptive Optics.

Purpose: To apply adaptive optics-optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) to quantify multiple sclerosis (MS)-induced changes in axonal bundles in the macular nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell somas, and macrophage-like cells at the vitreomacular interface.

Methods: We used AO-OCT imaging in a pilot study of MS participants (n = 10), including those without and with a history of optic neuritis (ON, n = 4), and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 9) to reveal pathologic changes to inner retinal cells and structures affected by MS.

Results: We found that nerve fiber layer axonal bundles had 38% lower volume in MS participants (1.

poses opposite effects of plasma LDL on white matter integrity in older adults.

Introduction: APOE4 is a strong genetic risk factor of Alzheimer's disease and is associated with changes in metabolism. However, the interactive relationship between APOE4 and plasma metabolites on the brain remains largely unknown.

Mehods: In the UK Biobank, we investigated the moderation effects of APOE4 on the relationship between 249 plasma metabolites derived from nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy on whole-brain white matter integrity, measured by fractional anisotropy using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging.

Focused Ultrasound Central Lateral Thalamotomy for the Treatment of Refractory Neuropathic Pain: Phase I Trial.

Background And Objectives: Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) central lateral thalamotomy (CLT) has not yet been validated for treating refractory neuropathic pain (NP). Our aim was to assess the safety and potential efficacy of MRgFUS CLT for refractory NP.

Methods: In this prospective, nonrandomized, single-arm, investigator-initiated phase I trial, patients with NP for more than 6 months related to phantom limb pain, spinal cord injury, or radiculopathy/radicular injury and who had undergone at least one previous failed intervention were eligible.

A combination of burn wound injury and infection elicits unique gene expression that enhances bacterial pathogenicity.

The interaction between an underlying disease process and a specific pathogen may lead to the unique expression of genes that affect bacterial pathogenesis. These genes may not be observed during infection in the absence of, or with a different underlying process or infection during the underlying process with a different pathogen. To test this hypothesis, we used Nanostring technology to compare gene transcription in a murine-burned wound infected with .