Removal of electrical stimulus artifact in local field potential recorded from subthalamic nucleus by using manifold denoising.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, local field potentials (LFPs) recorded through lead externalization during high-frequency stimulation (HFS) are contaminated by stimulus artifacts, which require to be removed before further analysis.

New Method: In this study, a novel stimulus artifact removal algorithm based on manifold denoising, termed Shrinkage and Manifold-based Artifact Removal using Template Adaptation (SMARTA), was proposed to remove artifacts by deriving a template for each stimulus artifact and subtracting it from the signal.

Quantitative Analysis for the Delineation of the Subthalamic Nuclei on Three-Dimensional Stereotactic MRI Before Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery for Medication-Refractory Parkinson's Disease.

Delineation of the subthalamic nuclei (STN) on MRI is critical for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We propose this retrospective cohort study for quantitative analysis of MR signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast, and signal difference-to-noise ratio (SDNR) of the STN on pre-operative three-dimensional (3D) stereotactic MRI in patients with medication-refractory PD. Forty-five consecutive patients with medication-refractory PD who underwent STN-DBS surgery in our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were included in this study.

Theta Oscillations at Subthalamic Region Predicts Hypomania State After Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.

Subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for the motor impairments of patients with advanced Parkinson's disease. However, mood or behavioral changes, such as mania, hypomania, and impulsive disorders, can occur postoperatively. It has been suggested that these symptoms are associated with the stimulation of the limbic subregion of the STN.

Thermal Decomposition of Gas-Phase Bis(1,2,4-oxadiazole)bis(methylene) Dinitrate (BODN): A CCSD(T)-F12/DFT-Based Study of Reaction Pathways.

Electronic structure methods based on density functional theory and coupled-cluster theory were employed to characterize elementary steps for the gas-phase thermal decomposition of bis(1,2,4-oxadiazole)bis(methylene) dinitrate (BODN). As typically found for nitrate ester-functionalized compounds, NO and HONO eliminations were the most energetically favorable unimolecular paths for the parent molecule's decomposition. From there, sequences of unimolecular reactions for daughters of the initiation steps were postulated and characterized.

The severity progression of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a 6-year longitudinal study in Taiwanese patients.

Nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) cause major burden in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous NMSs progression studies mostly focused on the prevalence. We conducted a longitudinal study to identify the progression pattern by the severity.

The Add-On Effect of PS128 in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study.

PS128 (PS128) is a specific probiotic, known as a psychobiotic, which has been demonstrated to alleviate motor deficits and inhibit neurodegenerative processes in Parkinson's disease (PD)-model mice. We hypothesize that it may also be beneficial to patients with PD based on the possible mechanism via the microbiome-gut-brain axis. This is an open-label, single-arm, baseline-controlled trial.

The efficacy of cognitive-cycling dual-task training in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease: A pilot study.

Background: Recent studies have suggested that cognitive-motor dual-task (DT) training might improve gait performance, locomotion automaticity, balance, and cognition in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of cognitive-cycling DT training in patients with early-stage PD.

Methods: Participants were scheduled to perform cognitive tasks simultaneously with the cycling training twice per week for eight weeks for a total of 16 sessions during their on-states.

Miniaturized Intracerebral Potential Recorder for Long-Term Local Field Potential of Deep Brain Signals.

A miniaturized intracerebral potential recorder for long-term local field potential (LFP) of deep brain signals is proposed. LFP can be recorded by deep brain electrodes. The abnormal beta-band oscillation of LFP in subthalamic nucleus and internal globus pallidus in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with the severity of the symptoms.

Nonmotor symptoms of 820 Taiwanese patients with Parkinson's disease: an exploratory-comparative study.

Introduction: Nonmotor symptoms (NMSs) severely affect the daily quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although many studies have documented the clinical characteristics of NMSs in PD patients, some issues remain unaddressed. The severity and gender distribution of NMSs in Asian and the Western patients differ.

The effects of dual-task in patients with Parkinson's disease performing cognitive-motor paradigms.

Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit impaired dual-task (DT) performance. A recent meta-analysis confirmed that dual tasking severely affects walking performance in PD patients. However, one report indicated that a cycling DT paradigm has facilitative effects on cognition.

Subthalamic nucleus oscillations correlate with vulnerability to freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a disabling clinical phenomenon often found in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). FOG impairs motor function, causes falls and leads to loss of independence. Whereas dual tasking that distracts patients' attention precipitates FOG, auditory or visual cues ameliorate this phenomenon.

Indirect Targeting of Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Guided by Stereotactic Computed Tomography and Microelectrode Recordings in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

Magnetic resonance imaging fusion techniques guided by frame-based stereotactic computed tomography and microelectrode recordings are widely used to target the subthalamic nucleus. However, MRI is not always available. The aim of this study was to determine whether the indirect targeting of the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation using frame-based stereotactic computed tomography and microelectrode recording guidance in patients with advanced idiopathic Parkinson's disease was an effective and safe treatment and to determine the factors that contributed to outcome.

Parkinsonian Tremor Detection from Subthalamic Nucleus Local Field Potentials for Closed-Loop Deep Brain Stimulation.

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a widely used therapy to ameliorate symptoms experienced by patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Conventional DBS is continuously ON even though PD symptoms fluctuate over time leading to undesirable side-effects and high energy requirements. This study investigates the use of a Iogistic regression-based classifier to identify periods when PD patients have rest tremor exploiting Local Field Potentials (LFPs) recorded with DBS electrodes implanted in the Subthalamic Nucleus in 7 PD patients (8 hemispheres).

Alternating Modulation of Subthalamic Nucleus Beta Oscillations during Stepping.

Gait disturbances in Parkinson's disease are commonly refractory to current treatment options and majorly impair patient's quality of life. Auditory cues facilitate gait and prevent motor blocks. We investigated how neural dynamics in the human subthalamic nucleus of Parkinsons's disease patients (14 male, 2 female) vary during stepping and whether rhythmic auditory cues enhance the observed modulation.

An 8-Week Low-Intensity Progressive Cycling Training Improves Motor Functions in Patients with Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Purpose: The effects of high-intensity cycling as an adjuvant therapy for early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) were highlighted recently. However, patients experience difficulties in maintaining these cycling training programs. The present study investigated the efficacy of cycling at a mild-to-moderate intensity in early-stage PD.

Tremor stability index: a new tool for differential diagnosis in tremor syndromes.

See Vidailhet et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awx140) for a scientific commentary on this article.

Increased Rab35 expression is a potential biomarker and implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second common neurodegenerative disease. Identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and prediction of disease progression is important. The present comparative proteomic study of serum samples using two-dimensional fluorescence differential gel electrophoresis followed by ELISA confirmation demonstrated that protein expression of Rab35 was increased in PD patients compared with matched control subjects and other parkinsonian disorders, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Utilizing exhaled carbon monoxide measurement with self-declared smoking cessation: enhancing abstinence effectiveness in Taiwanese outpatients.

Background: Presently, the Department of Health Taiwan has begun to fund a smoking cessation program, and the annual cessation rate was 8.9% in 2010. This study aims to see whether to enhance abstinence effectiveness by utilizing exhaled carbon monoxide (COExh) measurement with self-declared smoking cessation.

The impact of low-frequency stimulation of subthalamic region on self-generated isometric contraction in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Growing evidence suggests that spontaneous oscillatory low-frequency synchronization in the subthalamic nuclei (STN) may modulate motor performance in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). To explore this in more detail, 15 PD patients chronically implanted with deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes in both STN were stimulated bilaterally at 5, 10, 20, 50 and 130 Hz and the effects of the DBS on self-initiated isometric elbow flexion (FLEX) and finger pinch (PINCH) were compared to performance without DBS. Baseline performance was very much impaired.

Genetic variants of SNCA and LRRK2 genes are associated with sporadic PD susceptibility: a replication study in a Taiwanese cohort.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative diseases and usually refers to a complex disorder with multiple genetic and environmental factors influencing disease risk. We here performed a gene-based case-control association study to scrutinize whether genetic variants in SNCA and LRRK2 genes could predispose to sporadic, late-onset form of PD in Taiwanese population.

Methods: 17 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) markers located within SNCA gene as well as the 16 SNP markers within LRRK2 gene were chosen for genotyping and evaluated their haplotype structure in a cohort of sporadic PD patients and control individuals.

Mechanisms and kinetics for the thermal decomposition of 2-azido-N,N-dimethylethanamine (DMAZ).

To gain insight into the mechanisms and kinetics of 2-azido-N,N-dimethylethanamine's (DMAZ's) thermal decomposition postulated reaction paths were simulated with ab initio and density functional theory quantum chemistry models. Four reaction types were modeled: (i) spin-allowed and spin-forbidden paths involving N-N(2) bond fission and nitrene formation, (ii) HN(3) elimination with the formation of (dimethylamino)ethylene, (iii) N-N(2) bond fission with the formation of molecules with three- or four-membered heterocyclic rings, and (iv) simple scission of C-H, C-N, and C-C bonds. The geometries of stationary points of the reactions were obtained with a MPWB1K/6-31+G(d,p) model.