Restoring Mitochondrial Quantity and Quality to Reverse Warburg Effect and Drive Tumor Differentiation.

Reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in tumors is associated with dedifferentiation and increased malignancy. However, it remains unclear how to restore mitochondrial quantity and quality in tumors, and whether mitochondrial restoration can drive tumor differentiation. Our study shows that restoring mitochondrial function using retinoic acid (RA) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and a mitochondrial uncoupler to enhance respiration synergistically drives neuroblastoma differentiation and inhibits proliferation.

Pilonidal granuloma formation after an incision and drainage procedure is associated with retained hair within the sinus - A case series.

Introduction And Importance: Pilonidal disease may present with a draining secondary sinus or granuloma, but the development of these findings is not well-characterized.

Case Presentation: Two adolescent males presented with pilonidal disease. The first patient had a gluteal cleft abscess, and an incision and drainage procedure was performed.

Local Sustained Dinutuximab Delivery and Release From Methacrylated Chondroitin Sulfate.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor. High-risk NB is a subset of the disease that has poor prognosis and requires multimodal treatment regimens, with a 50% rate of recurrence despite intervention. There is a need for improved treatment strategies to reduce high-risk patient mortality.

Peri anal region is an overlooked location for pilonidal recurrence after surgical excision and closure - A case series.

Introduction And Importance: Patients with pilonidal disease (PD) often undergo wide excision of pilonidal sinuses and flap-based closures. Patients who failed these procedures can have recurrent perianal wounds obscured by hair and unrecognized even by the treating physicians. In this report, we describe a series of pilonidal patients with recurrent disease and perianal wounds.

Identification and Quantification of Precursory Changes of Rheumatoid Vasculitis in the Dorsalis Pedis Artery.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic connective tissue autoimmune disease that can infiltrate arterial walls. The delay in diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) in patients with RA may lead to irreversible damage to the arterial walls of small-to-medium vessels, which has serious and devastating consequences, most notably lung and cardiac damage. In this work an ultrasound image-based biomarker was developed to detect precursory changes in RV.

Interactive Cascaded Network for Prostate Cancer Segmentation from Multimodality MRI with Automated Quality Assessment.

The accurate segmentation of prostate cancer (PCa) from multiparametric MRI is crucial in clinical practice for guiding biopsy and treatment planning. Existing automated methods often lack the necessary accuracy and robustness in localizing PCa, whereas interactive segmentation methods, although more accurate, require user intervention on each input image, thereby limiting the cost-effectiveness of the segmentation workflow. Our innovative framework addresses the limitations of current methods by combining a coarse segmentation network, a rejection network, and an interactive deep network known as Segment Anything Model (SAM).

Management and outcomes of pilonidal patients with secondary sinuses-a cohort study.

Background: Patients with pilonidal disease (PD) can present with concurrent draining secondary sinus at the superior gluteal cleft. The natural disease course in the setting of this severe phenotype is poorly characterized. We present the largest cohort of patients with PD and concurrent secondary sinus.

Standardized pilonidal protocol as rescue therapy for excision-refractory pilonidal disease.

Purpose: Severe pilonidal diseases have refractory symptoms despite multiple surgeries and optimal therapy remains unclear. We hypothesized that standardized minimally invasive protocol could be an effective rescue treatment.

Methods: We prospectively collected data from symptomatic patients who underwent ≥ 1 pilonidal excision prior to presentation at our clinic 2019-2023.

Unsupervised shape-and-texture-based generative adversarial tuning of pre-trained networks for carotid segmentation from 3D ultrasound images.

Background: Vessel-wall volume and localized three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) metrics are sensitive to the change of carotid atherosclerosis in response to medical/dietary interventions. Manual segmentation of the media-adventitia boundary (MAB) and lumen-intima boundary (LIB) required to obtain these metrics is time-consuming and prone to observer variability. Although supervised deep-learning segmentation models have been proposed, training of these models requires a sizeable manually segmented training set, making larger clinical studies prohibitive.

LABS: linear amplification-based bisulfite sequencing for ultrasensitive cancer detection from cell-free DNA.

Methylation-based liquid biopsies show promises in detecting cancer using circulating cell-free DNA; however, current limitations impede clinical application. Most assays necessitate substantial DNA inputs, posing challenges. Additionally, underrepresented tumor DNA fragments may go undetected during exponential amplification steps of traditional sequencing methods.

Allylamine coating on zirconia dental implant surface promotes osteogenic differentiation in vitro and accelerates osseointegration in vivo.

Objectives: The glow discharge plasma (GDP) procedure has proven efficacy in grafting allylamine onto zirconia dental implant surfaces to enhance osseointegration. This study explored the enhancement of zirconia dental implant properties using GDP at different energy settings (25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 W) both in vitro and in vivo.

Materials And Methods: In vitro analyses included scanning electron microscopy, wettability assessment, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and more.

Pilonidal disease in the pregnant patient: A case report.

Introduction: Pilonidal disease in the pregnant patient is underreported and may be instigated by significant shifts in hormone levels throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period.

Presentation Of Case: An otherwise healthy primigravid 22-year-old woman developed pilonidal disease at the beginning of her pregnancy. While pregnant, her symptoms recurred once and resolved without treatment.

A standardized treatment protocol for pilonidal disease can influence the health mindset of adolescents.

Purpose: Pilonidal disease (PD) significantly impacts patients' quality of life and requires regular maintenance behaviors to achieve cure. Health mindset is a psychological construct which can influence health behaviors and outcomes, with a growth mindset being associated with better outcomes than a fixed. We propose that participation in a standardized treatment protocol can affect the health mindset for adolescents with pilonidal disease.

Comorbidities are not associated with pain symptom or recurrence in patients with pilonidal disease.

Background: Comorbidities can potentially impact the presentation or outcome of patients with pilonidal disease (PD) due to poor wound healing or increased inflammatory response. We hypothesized that certain comorbidities could lead to worse pain or higher recurrence rate.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on all PD patients treated with standardized minimally invasive protocol at our clinic 2019-2022.

Mitochondrial uncoupler and retinoic acid synergistically induce differentiation and inhibit proliferation in neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma is a leading cause of death in childhood cancer cases. Unlike adult malignancies, which typically develop from aged cells through accumulated damage and mutagenesis, neuroblastoma originates from neural crest cells with disrupted differentiation. This distinct feature provides novel therapeutic opportunities beyond conventional cytotoxic methods.

Using "Appointment Tickets" to Track Visit Duration as a Quality Improvement Initiative After Incorporating Laser Epilation in a Pilonidal Care Clinic.

Background: Laser epilation (LE) is effective in decreasing pilonidal disease (PD) recurrence, but laser use has not been a standard practice in pediatric surgery clinic. We hypothesized that "appointment tickets" can 1) track utilization and clinic visit delays, 2) inform patients of their clinic progress in real time.

Methods: An observation study was performed on LE patients treated at our PD clinic 3/2021-7/2022.

Carney complex: A clinicopathologic study on a single family from several Canadian provinces.

Carney syndrome is an autosomal dominant complex involving endocrinopathy, mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation, and different tumors, including cardiac myxomas. We report on a single family with several members affected with Carney syndrome. Family and individual medical histories were investigated in several Canadian provinces.