Pet and Stray Dogs as Reservoirs of Antimicrobial-Resistant .

The close contact between dogs and humans creates the best bridge for interspecies transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. The surveillance of its resistance including the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in as indicator bacteria is an important tool to control the use of antimicrobials. The aim of this research was to evaluate the resistance in strains by phenotypic methods, isolated from pet and stray dogs of La Plata city, Argentina.

Multidrug-Resistant CTX-M and CMY-2 Producing Isolated from Healthy Household Dogs from the Great Metropolitan Area, Costa Rica.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of antibiotic-resistant of healthy household dogs with an emphasis on extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), AmpC-type β-lactamases and resistance to quinolones. Rectal swabs were collected from 74 dogs without any clinical evidence of gastrointestinal disease. Samples were cultured on MacConkey agar plates and MacConkey supplemented with 2 μg/mL cefotaxime or 5 μg/mL ciprofloxacin.

Influence of clipping on bacterial contamination of canine arthrocentesis sites before and after skin preparation.

Objective: To determine the influence of hair removal as part of the aseptic skin preparation of canine arthrocentesis sites and to characterize the bacterial flora remaining after aseptic skin preparation.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Study Population: Thirteen shorthaired beagle-cross dogs.

Antimicrobial resistance among canine enteric Escherichia coli isolates and prevalence of attaching-effacing and extraintestinal pathogenic virulence factors in Spain.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli from a dog population in Spain and assess specific virulence factors. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobials was tested along with the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC in faecal isolates from 100 dogs. Virulence-related genes associated with attaching and effacing E.

Incidence and characterization of Clostridium difficile in a secondary care hospital in Spain.

Introduction: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a major nosocomial infectious agent in hospitals. Previous studies have addressed the high proportion of infection episodes that are overlooked in health care facilities.

Preliminary studies on isolates of Clostridium difficile from dogs and exotic pets.

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is recognised as an emerging disease in both humans and some animal species. During the past few years, insights into human CDI epidemiology changed and C. difficile is also considered as an emerging community-acquired pathogen.

Molecular analysis of three Clostridium difficile strain genomes isolated from pig farm-related samples.

Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic spore-forming bacillus that usually causes gastrointestinal disorders in man and other animal species. Most of the strains isolated from animals are toxigenic being the virulent ribotype (RT) 078 predominant in several animal species. Although C.

Efficacy of recombinant bovine epidermal growth factor in the treatment of experimental subclinical mastitis in a ewe model.

is the most common contagious mastitis pathogen of dairy cattle. Antimicrobial treatment of infected cattle results in variable cure rates. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in the modulation of host innate immune responses and the regulation of mammary epithelial regeneration, indicating that EGF may be useful as a treatment for mastitis.

Alterations in conjunctival bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility during topical administration of ofloxacin after cataract surgery in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in conjunctival bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria after cataract surgery in dogs. ANIMALS 16 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Samples for aerobic and anaerobic culture were obtained from the conjunctival fornices of both eyes of dogs 24 hours before (week 0) and 1, 3, and 6 weeks after cataract surgery.

Presence of Clostridium difficile in pig faecal samples and wild animal species associated with pig farms.

Aims: To determine the presence of Clostridium difficile on fattening pig farms in north-eastern Spain.

Methods And Results: Twenty-seven farms were sampled. Pools of pig faecal samples (n = 210), samples of intestinal content from common farm pest species (n = 95) and environment-related samples (n = 93) were collected.

In vitro assessment of bacterial translocation during needle insertion through inoculated culture media as a model of arthrocentesis through cellulitic tissue.

Objective: To determine by use of an in vitro model the potential for translocating sufficient numbers of bacteria into a joint during arthrocentesis through cellulitic tissue to cause sepsis.

Sample: Culture media containing 4 concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus and needles of 3 sizes.

Procedures: Needles (22, 20, and 19 gauge) were inserted through Mueller-Hinton agar that contained known concentrations of S aureus (10(3),10(4),10(5), and 10(6) CFUs/mL).

Biochemical and physiological weaknesses associated with the pathogenesis of femoral bone degeneration in broiler chickens.

Femoral bone degeneration has been recognized as an important cause of lameness in broiler chickens for many years, but the pathogenesis of this condition has not been completely elucidated. The current work presents comprehensive analyses of changes associated with femoral bone degeneration based on findings from gross pathology, histopathology, biochemistry, and synchrotron-based imaging techniques. Gross lesions were predominantly seen in epiphysis and metaphysis of the proximal femur, and infrequently in distal femur, but we did not observe gross lesions in the diaphysis.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of canine and human Staphylococcus aureus collected in Saskatoon, Canada.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of infection in people and is increasingly recognized in dogs. The increasing prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is complicating the treatment of these infections.

A survey of the fecal bacteria of bison (Bison bison) for potential pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility of bison-origin E. coli.

An observational study determined the normal fecal bacterial flora of clinically healthy bison, detected the presence of common potential zoonotic pathogens, and determined the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated E. coli strains. Ninety-six fecal samples from 10 captive herds were cultured for aerobic, anaerobic, facultative, and microaerophillic bacteria.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from various animals.

This study characterized the antimicrobial susceptibility of 221 Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various species, and 60 canine Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from 1986 through 2000 at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM). Resistance of S. aureus was most common to penicillin (31%) and tetracycline (14%); resistance of S.

Prevalence, sites of colonization, and antimicrobial resistance among Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from healthy dogs in Saskatoon, Canada.

In dogs, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a common colonizer and is associated with pyoderma, otitis externa, and urinary tract infections. In the current study, nasal, pharyngeal, and rectal swabs were taken from 175 healthy dogs and cultured for S. pseudintermedius.

A retrospective diagnostic laboratory survey of antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli isolated from spring calves in western Canada.

Diagnostic laboratory data on antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from feces of spring calves were evaluated retrospectively for the 5-year period from 1999 to 2003. The antimicrobials to which resistance was most prevalent were tetracycline, ampicillin, and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole. Resistance to 3 or more antimicrobials was found in 52.

Associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli from feedlot cattle in western Canada.

A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed at a research feedlot in western Canada. Auction-market-derived steers (n = 288) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) no antimicrobials on arrival; 2) oxytetracycline in the starter ration for 14 d; and 3) long-acting oxytetracycline subcutaneously on day 0. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of 7 antimicrobials were determined for 3 generic fecal E.

Comparison of dog and rabbit plasmas in the tube coagulase test for Staphylococcus aureus.

The tube coagulase test, an invaluable laboratory tool for identifying Staphylococcus aureus, is most often done using rabbit plasma. However, there is evidence that depending on the origin of the isolates, other plasmas may be superior. The current study sought to compare the utility of dog and rabbit plasma in the coagulase test for S.

Antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of canine uropathogens at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Teaching Hospital, 2002-2007.

Between January 2002 and June 2007, uropathogens were isolated from 473 of 1557 canine urine samples submitted to Prairie Diagnostic Services from the Western College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Culture and susceptibility results were analyzed, retrospectively, to estimate the prevalence of common bacterial uropathogens in dogs with urinary tract infections and to identify changes in antimicrobial resistance. The most common pathogens identified were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus intermedius, Enterococcus spp.