Phytochemical and pharmacological characterisation of extracts from Vahl. roots.

Vahl. roots are used for their nutraceutical and medicinal properties. In this work, GC-MS revealed that polysaccharides (P) and the methanolic extract (MB) of roots contained 8 and 7 different components, respectively.

Optimization of Green Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Carotenoids and Tocopherol from Tomato Waste Using NADESs.

The purpose of this study was to extract the lipophilic fraction from one of the largest source of waste in the industrial sector, namely, the tomato residue from processing the fruit. In order to make this process more environmentally sustainable, this study used a green extraction protocol employing natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) combined with a less energy-consuming technology, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method, to simultaneously recover carotenoids and tocopherol from dried powder tomato waste. Two NADESs, one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic, were prepared and compared to support high extraction efficiency and increase the stability of the extracted compounds.

Shrimp Lipid Bioactives with Anti-Inflammatory, Antithrombotic, and Antioxidant Health-Promoting Properties for Cardio-Protection.

Marine animals, especially shrimp species, have gained interest in research, due to the fact that they contain a plethora of biomolecules, specifically lipids, which have been proven to possess many health benefits in various diseases linked to chronic inflammation or other exogenous factors. This review refers to the lipid composition of a large number of shrimp species, as well as the effects that can alternate the lipid content of these crustaceans. Emphasis is given to the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic properties of shrimp bioactives, as well as the effects that these bioactives hold in other diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, and more.

Renal manifestations in a cohort of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background And Study Aims: Renal involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rather uncommon. This study aims to describe the spectrum of renal involvement in pediatric patients with IBD and reduce delay in detection and management.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of the renal function of all patients, aged <18 years, who have been followed for IBD in our pediatric gastroenterology department from January 2019 till January 2023.

GC-MS/MS Analysis and Wound Repair Potential of Urtica dioica Essential Oil: In silico Modeling and In vivo Study in Rats.

Background: The study aimed to assess the antioxidant and wound healing properties of Urtica dioica essential oil (UDEO) through a comprehensive evaluation involving in silico, in vitro, and in vivo analyses. The phytochemistry of UDEO was also investigated to identify trace compounds crucial.

Methods: Various injection methods of the multimode inlet (MMI) in chromatography were investigated to attain lower instrumental detection limits.

Mental health literacy and academic performance (MHLAP) in high school students: a randomized clinical trial protocol.

Background: Mental health literacy is a promising avenue of intervention for addressing the development of psychopathology, as well as its associated consequences, such as a decrease in academic performance. The current study aims to test the effectiveness of such an intervention in high school students, focusing on two main formats of delivery: (1) automated and (2) blended.

Methods: To achieve this aim, a randomized clinical trial with direct comparisons at three time points between three conditions (automated, blended, and waitlist) was designed.

Interventions for professional trauma caregivers: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate which are the most efficient psychological and physical interventions for professional caregivers.

Method: The study was realized using information extracted from 28 randomized controlled trials, totaling 2,168 participants, with mean ages between 22.88 and 48.

Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxicity in Zebrafish Larvae.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide, though its excessive use causes environmental contamination, raising concerns about its adverse effects on human health. In this regard, stands out as a promising candidate for counteracting chemical 'contaminant' toxicity thanks to its therapeutic properties. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the potential of an ethanolic extract (UDE) to mitigate chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity.

Intestinal Obstruction as Initial Presentation of Idiopathic Portal and Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis: Diagnosis, Management, and Literature Review.

It is quite common for portal vein thrombosis to occur in subjects who present predisposing conditions such as cirrhosis, hepatobiliary malignancies, infectious or inflammatory abdominal diseases, or hematologic disorders. The incidence of idiopathic portal vein thrombosis in non-cirrhotic patients remains low, and despite the intensive workup that is performed in these cases, in up to 25% of cases, there is no identifiable cause. If portal vein thrombosis is untreated, complications arise and include portal hypertension, cavernous transformation of the portal vein, gastroesophageal and even small intestinal varices, septic thrombosis, or intestinal ischemia.

Geography is not destiny: A quantitative test of Diamond's axis of orientation hypothesis.

Jared Diamond suggested that the unique East-West orientation of Eurasia facilitated the spread of cultural innovations and gave it substantial political, technological and military advantages over other continental regions. This controversial hypothesis assumes that innovations can spread more easily across similar habitats, and that environments tend to be more homogeneous at similar latitudes. The resulting prediction is that Eurasia is home to environmentally homogenous corridors that enable fast cultural transmission.

Grambank reveals the importance of genealogical constraints on linguistic diversity and highlights the impact of language loss.

While global patterns of human genetic diversity are increasingly well characterized, the diversity of human languages remains less systematically described. Here, we outline the Grambank database. With over 400,000 data points and 2400 languages, Grambank is the largest comparative grammatical database available.

Neonatal Hemochromatosis: Systematic Review of Prenatal Ultrasound Findings-Is There a Place for MRI in the Diagnostic Process?

Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is an uncommon, severe disorder that results in fetal loss or neonatal death due to liver failure. NH is currently regarded as the phenotypic expression of gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD). The diagnosis of NH-GALD is rarely prenatally established.

Function predicts how people treat their dogs in a global sample.

Dogs have an extraordinary relationship with humans. We understand, communicate, and cooperate remarkably with our dogs. But almost all we know about dog-human bonds, dog behaviour, and dog cognition is limited to Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic (WEIRD) societies.

Analysis of Antioxidant and Antiviral Effects of Olive ( L.) Leaf Extracts and Pure Compound Using Cancer Cell Model.

The present study aims to assess the antioxidant and antiviral effectiveness of leaf extracts obtained from L. var. and L.

Phytochemical Composition of Urtica dioica Essential Oil with Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Background: Urtica dioica (Urticaceae) has outstanding medicinal and pharmacological properties. This investigation was aimed to assess the chemical composition, the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects of Urtica dioica essential oil (UDEO)

Methods: GC/MS analysis was performed to assess the chemical composition, standard antioxidative test, the DPPH assay, the reducing power assay, as well as the anti-proliferative capacities of UDEO against HeLa cell lines using the MTT test. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activities of UDEO were evaluated using paw thickness measurements in rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema and pathologic evaluation of inflammation in paw sections.

Correction: Saoudi et al. The Role of L. in the Attenuation of Dermal Wounds by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Albino Rats. 2021, , 4875.

The authors wish to make the following change to their paper [...

Clinical and Metabolomic Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus acidilactici in Fructose Intolerant Patients.

Fructose intolerance (FI) is a widespread non-genetic condition in which the incomplete absorption of fructose leads to gastro-intestinal disorders. The crucial role of microbial dysbiosis on the onset of these intolerance symptoms together with their persistence under free fructose diets are driving the scientific community towards the use of probiotics as a novel therapeutic approach. In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of FI in a cohort composed of Romanian adults with Functional Grastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) and the effectiveness of treatment based on the probiotic formulation EQBIOTA ( CECT 7484 and 7485 and CECT 7483).

Leptin Signaling in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer.

Obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the leading diseases causing deaths in the world, showing a complex multifactorial pathology. Obesity is considered a risk factor in CRC development through inflammation, metabolic, and signaling processes. Leptin is one of the most important adipokines related to obesity and an important proinflammatory marker, mainly expressed in adipose tissue, with many genetic variation profiles, many related influencing factors, and various functions that have been ascribed but not yet fully understood and elucidated, the most important ones being related to energy metabolism, as well as endocrine and immune systems.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Biopsy of Liver Tumors.

Background/aim: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided liver tumor biopsy has some advantages over the percutaneous and surgical route and, in many cases, should be preferred. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) in the diagnosis of liver tumors with an emphasis on its diagnostic accuracy and histological quality of the acquired specimen.

Patients And Methods: We followed 30 consecutive patients who underwent liver tumor biopsy using EUS guidance.

The Role of L. in the Attenuation of Dermal Wounds by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Albino Rats.

In our study, L. (AS) was investigated to assess its phenolic profile and bioactive molecules including flavonoids and organosulfur compounds. The antioxidant potential of AS and wound healing activity were addressed using skin wound healing and oxidative stress and inflammation marker estimation in rat models.

Romanian Guidelines for Nonpharmacological Therapy of IBS.

Background And Aims: The nonpharmacological therapy in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is expanding rapidly. Practitioners and medical educators need to be aware of progress and changes in knowledge of this topic. The Romanian Society of Neurogastroenterology aimed to create guidelines based on best evidence on the use of nonpharmacological therapy in IBS.

Transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration of vertebral body osteolytic tumors - a novel diagnostic approach. Case series.

Aims: Vertebral lesions, either primary or more frequently metastasis, are difficult targets for percutaneous guided biopsies and surgical biopsies and are associated with greater risks of complications. We investigated the feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy in the assessment of vertebral osteolytic tumors as an alternative to CT guided biopsy which is the technique currently used.

Material And Methods: Four patients with osteolytic tumors of the vertebral bodies identified by imaging methods (CT or MRI) - 3 patients, and one with a tumor detected primarily during EUS procedure were included in order to evaluate the feasibility of the procedure.

The signature of competition in ecomorphological traits across the avian radiation.

Competition for shared resources represents a fundamental driver of biological diversity. However, the tempo and mode of phenotypic evolution in deep-time has been predominantly investigated using trait evolutionary models which assume that lineages evolve independently from each other. Consequently, the role of species interactions in driving macroevolutionary dynamics remains poorly understood.

Transthoracic ultrasound: an essential diagnostic tool in a very rare case of thoracic lymphangiomatosis.

Thoracic lymphangiomatosis (proliferation of anastomosing lymphatic vessels, of different sizes, in pulmonary, pleural and mediastinal regions) is an extremely rare disorder occurring mostly in childhood. We present a diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) case in a young adult female patient in which repeated surgical biopsies were inconclusive and transthoracic ultrasound-guided (TUS) biopsy led to the diagnosis. Even histologically, DPL is very difficult to differentiate from other lymphatic diseases such as lymphangioma and lymphangiomyomatosis, requiring an experienced pathologist and proper immunohistochemistry staining.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and nitrotyrosine in irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one the most frequent and common functional gastrointestinal disorders that has a multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Multiple biomarkers have been tested in search for a reliable and specific biomarker, but there is not yet a specific biomarker for IBS. The aim of this study was to evaluate two biomarkers of different putative pathways of the pathogenesis of IBS: the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and nitrotyrosine, in order to establish their role as potential biomarkers.