Oro-facial granulomatosis: Crohn's disease or a new inflammatory bowel disease?

Background: Oro-facial granulomatosis (OFG) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder presenting characteristically with lip swelling but also affecting gingivae, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, and a number of other sites in the oral cavity. Histologically, OFG resembles Crohn's disease (CD), and a number of patients with CD have oral involvement identical to OFG. However, the exact relationship between OFG and CD remains unknown.

Can FDG PET be used to successfully direct preoperative biopsy of soft tissue tumours?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the most useful tool in the anatomical definition of soft tissue sarcoma, although there remains the problem of defining the lesions as benign or malignant. The management of such lesions requires biopsy prior to surgical resection. If the most malignant area could be defined more accurately, then this area could be targeted for biopsy.

Proliferation of T-cell subsets that contact tumour cells in colorectal cancer.

We have investigated the proliferation rates of T-cell subsets in colorectal carcinomas using immunohistochemistry. It was found that the tumour-infiltrating T cells in contact with the tumour cells have a significantly higher frequency of proliferation than those in the stroma. In particular, the CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (T-IEL) within the tumours have a significantly higher frequency of proliferation in comparison with CD8+ T cells in the stromal compartment or in any normal mucosal lymphoid tissues.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux and duodenogastric reflux before and after eradication in Helicobacter pylori gastritis.

Objective: Helicobacter pylori and duodenogastric reflux (DGR) are both associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The nature of their interrelationship remains unclear. H.

Fibromatoses and related tumors of the hand in children. A clinicopathologic review.

Benign and malignant tumors of the hand are rare in children. This article reviews some of the common tumors that affect the hand in children, with an emphasis on clinico-pathologic correlations. Illustrated case histories on some rare tumors are also included.

Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucin gene products in Barrett's metaplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma: an immunopathological study with clinical correlation.

Aims: Changes in the histochemical characteristics of the surface epithelial mucins is the hallmark of Barrett's metaplasia. The study investigated the pattern of expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucin gene products in Barrett's metaplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma as possible indicators of increased malignant potential.

Methods And Results: Tissue sections from 51 patients with Barrett's intestinal metaplasia, nine with dysplasia (three indefinite) and 28 resected adenocarcinomas were stained with monoclonal antibodies to MUC1 and MUC2.

3-D histo-radiographic comparison of surgical clearances of microcalcified lesions in breast localization biopsies.

There is controversy as to the value of the radiological or pathological estimation of surgical clearance of microcalcifying breast lesions. An important part of this issue has been addressed by coordinated three-dimensional radiographic and histological examination of a prospective consecutive series of 40 benign and malignant mammographically detected lesions in surgical breast biopsy specimens containing microcalcifications, including 20 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ. They were radiographed from four viewpoints by means of rotation in a radiolucent tetrahedral container.

Cytokeratin demonstration in thick breast tissue slices.

Tissue slices (500 to 1000 microns thick) of archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded breast tissue were immunostained by a cytokeratin antibody (MNF116) using a streptavidin-biotin complex procedure. The technique requires prolonged exposure of tissue slices to the reagents. Use of the detergent Triton X-100 facilitated penetration of high molecular weight reagents through the tissue slices.

Factors affecting surgical margin clearance in screen-detected breast cancer and the effect of cavity biopsies on residual disease.

One hundred and fourteen localization biopsies for screen-detected breast cancers were assessed for surgical margin clearance and presence of tumour in the cavity biopsies or subsequent resections. Inadequate surgical clearance (< or = 1 mm from the margin) in 88 patients was associated with high nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ, or extensive in-situ change accompanying invasive carcinomas, vs pure invasive carcinomas. Smaller localization biopsies (< or =50 g), larger tumours, and absence of a definite fine-needle aspiration cytological diagnosis of malignancy were also associated with inadequate excision.

Mammary mucinous lesions: congeners, prevalence and important pathological associations.

A retrospective histopathological study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of mucin filled ducts and their associated mucinous proliferation in 962 breast cancers and 335 benign lesions. A total of 38 (3%) cases with mucin filled ducts was identified and 27 (2%) of these showed mucin extravasation into the adjacent stroma, changes characteristic of mucocoele-like lesions. This constitutes the largest series reported to date.

New avenues in 3-D computerised (stereopathological) imaging of breast cancer (review).

Multimodal methods of three-dimensional (3-D) imaging of breast cancer are described. These involve scanning confocal microscopy, using 50 MHz acoustic or near-infrared images, four-view (tetrahedral) radiography and x-ray projection microscopy. Computerised volume data from these techniques can be used to produce three-dimensional images of tissue ranging from 500 microns to approximately 4 mm in thickness.

Benign and malignant stellate breast lesions: structural differences in 5 microns sections and thick tissue slices.

Complex sclerosing lesions have presented a diagnostic problem since they were identified amongst benign breast lesions. Their differentiation from stellate carcinomas may cause serious difficulties for both radiologists and pathologists. In the present study the conventional and thick-slice appearances of 15 complex sclerosing lesions and 15 well differentiated and tubular carcinomas were compared, with the main emphasis on the stellate zone of the lesions.

Ki-67 expression in early prostate cancer and associated pathological lesions.

Aim: To assess cell proliferation in early prostate cancer and associated pathological lesions.

Methods: Using the Ki-67 antibody, the cell proliferation index was measured in early stage prostatic carcinoma in 37 incidental tumours diagnosed at transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) and in 20 low volume cancers treated by radical prostatectomy. Proliferation indexes have also been measured in areas of normal peripheral zone, transition zone hyperplasia, atrophic appearing lobules, and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in the radical prostatectomy cases.