Proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) protein Rv1168c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis augments transcription from HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter.

Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage are shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The occurrence of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection is found to be accelerated in people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but the mechanism by which mycobacterial protein(s) induces HIV-1 LTR trans-activation is not clearly understood. We show here that the M.