Epidemiology of prostate cancer in Nigeria: a mixed methods systematic review.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is an increasing burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. This systematic review examined the incidence, prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of PCa in Nigeria.

Methods: This review followed the standard Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines.

Pattern, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Family History on Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prostate Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of illness and death in men of Sub-Sahara African origin. The study assessed the pattern of PCa, the effect of family history on PSA at diagnosis, and clinical characteristics of PCa in Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 200 participants was performed within a 12-month period in Nigeria.

Impact of a pharmacist-led intervention on prostate cancer illness perception.

Purpose: Illness perception (IP) significantly determines illness outcomes. This study determined the impact of a pharmacist educational intervention on IP and the predictors of IP in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Using a brief IP questionnaire, an interventional study of patients with PCa was conducted in all cancer reference hospitals in one Nigerian state.

Pharmaceutical Care in Mental Health: Pharmacists' Barriers, Collaborations, Attitudes, and Perceptions.

Background: Pharmaceutical care is an essential component of mental healthcare.

Objectives: The study assessed pharmacists' collaborations, barriers, perceptions on therapeutic relationships and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care to persons with mental illness.

Methods: A questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 175 pharmacists in a Nigerian state via purposive sampling.

A review of factors influencing the uptake of prostate cancer treatment in Nigeria.

Background: The uptake of prostate cancer (PCa) treatment determines the disease course, but is influenced by several factors. This review assessed the factors that influence the uptake of PCa treatments in Nigeria, with a view to providing evidence for policies and other interventional approaches that enhance treatment uptake and PCa outcomes.

Methods: A review of relevant articles retrieved from electronic databases of Web of science, PubMed, Google scholar, African Journals online and Hinari was performed using relevant keywords.

Role of antihypertensive medicines in prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Background: Hypertension is associated with the risk of prostate cancer (PCa) and its progression, however, it remains unclear whether antihypertensive medicines alter PCa risk or prognosis. This systematic review evaluated the role of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors in the risk and prognosis of PCa. This review was performed in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines.

Prevalence and predictors of type 2 diabetes complications: a single centre observation.

Background: Diabetes complications are a major burden on persons living with diabetes and the health care systems.

Objectives: The study assessed the glycemic control, prevalence and predictors of type 2 diabetes complications among patients in a healthcare centre.

Methods: Two hundred adults who had type 2 diabetes in a general hospital were recruited for the study.

Lifestyle, vulnerability to stress and prevailing health conditions of ambulatory older patients in a care facility.

Background: Lifestyle and vulnerability to stress are major determinants of age-related health outcomes.

Objectives: To assess the lifestyle and health states of older adults, and evaluate their personality-related vulnerability to stress, to enable improved and targeted health promotional activities.

Methods: A hospital record review and a purposive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 respondents who were ≥ 50 years old, and visited the General Hospital Oyo, South-western Nigeria.

Risk Perception and Acceptability of the COVID-19 Vaccine in Nigeria.

Objectives: Vaccines are anticipated to control the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, however, their acceptance is critical for the desired benefit. This study assessed risk perceptions of COVID-19, acceptability of its vaccine and socio-demographic associations of its acceptability in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional web-based study was conducted among 420 participants in Nigeria's six geopolitical regions, using a three-part questionnaire.

COVID-19-associated liver injury, role of drug therapy and management: a review.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is known to affect several body organs, including the liver. This results from several factors such as direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver, side effects of drug therapy and pre-existing liver diseases. Drug-induced liver injury can result from a range of drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19 such as antiviral drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, herbal medications and vaccines.

Drug therapy and medication adherence in type 2 diabetes in a care facility: A cross sectional survey.

Background: Adherence to medications improves glycaemic control and reduces diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: The study assessed drug therapy for type 2 diabetes, glycaemic control and association of medication adherence with socio-demographic and clinical data, among adult diabetic patients attending a healthcare facility.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey and hospital records were used to obtain data.

Regional Trends and Socioeconomic Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancy in Nigeria: A Nationwide Study.

Adolescent pregnancy is a major health concern which has lifelong consequences. The aim of this study is to examine the regional trends and socioeconomic predictors of adolescent pregnancy in Nigeria. This study used pooled data from the 2008, 2013 and 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS).

Evolving role of pharmacy technicians in pharmaceutical care services: Involvement in counselling and medication reviews.

Background: Previous non-clinical traditional role of pharmacy technicians (PTs) has evolved considerably. Therefore, adequate understanding of PTs' practice of pharmaceutical care (PC) services is essential for appropriate skill mix in provision of services.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to: (1) assess PTs' sources of information and practice of pharmaceutical care, and (2) assess differences in patient-centered care practices between PTs in hospital and community pharmacy settings.

Immunogenicity and clinical features relating to BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review of non-interventional studies.

Background: Vaccination against Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important means of controlling the pandemic, however they are expected to stimulate immune responses when administered to confer immunity. In this review, we evaluated the clinical and laboratory features associated with BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.

"An antibiotic turned contraceptive": The tale of ampicillin-cloxacillin.

Antibiotic misuse is a major public health threat globally, requiring active efforts toward halting its progression. The African sub-region is worst hit by communicable diseases, and also possesses weak health systems to effectively combat the menace of antimicrobial resistance. Meanwhile, antibiotics are among the most regularly misused medicines in Nigeria, particularly for inappropriate indication and duration.

Participation of pharmacy technicians in clinical and patient-centered care practices: A state-wide survey in Nigeria.

Background: Identifying the involvement of pharmacy technicians (PTs) in nonclinical and clinical duties will provide insight for improved pharmaceutical services.

Objectives: This study assessed the involvement of PTs in nonclinical tasks, patient-centered services, and more specialized patient care services and the difference in practice between hospital and community PTs.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a 5-point Likert scale, and an analysis of data was performed using IBM SPSS version 21.

Evaluation of predominant risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus among out-patients in two Nigerian secondary health facilities.

Background: Prevention of type 2 diabetes is enabled by identification and effective management of risk factors.

Objectives: To evaluate the predominant risks for type 2 diabetes and identify persons at highest risk in a population; to facilitate the understanding of implications for practice.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey using Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire was conducted among non-diabetic persons who visited two secondary hospitals.

A systematic review of effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA and ChAdOx1 adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines in the general population.

Background: High effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines is essential for the pandemic control. This study systematically reviewed available evidence on effectiveness of ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 vaccines in the general population, for improved vaccine policies and strategies.

Main Body Of The Abstract: Using several keywords, a search of Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar and Hinari databases was conducted from December 1, 2020 to June 9, 2021.

Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 prognosis with the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors: a systematic review.

Background: Angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2, being the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, is increased in the use of RAAS inhibitors. Therefore, concerns have been raised over risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and poor prognosis of COVID-19 in persons with prior exposure to these drugs. This study aimed to systematically review available evidence for associations between exposure to RAAS inhibitors with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical outcomes in infected persons.